初中形容詞副詞專題.docx

形容詞知識點總結：一 定義:形容詞是用來描寫或修飾名詞或代詞，說明人或事物的特征或性質的，譯為“的”。二 用法：1） 做定語：This is an old house.2） 做表語：I am sorry to hear that.3） 做賓補：She made her mother angry.4） 位置：做定語修飾名詞，放在名詞前面，如：a beautiful girl. 修飾不定代詞（something, anything, nothing, everything）等，放在不定代詞之后，如：something important.5） The+adj 代表一類人或事物，指人做主語時為復數(shù)，指物做主語時為單數(shù)。如：The old are well looked after. The unknown has to be explored.6） Enough 跟名詞連用放在名詞后面，enough rice。跟形容詞連用放在adj后面，old enough.7） 大部分形容詞加-ly可構成副詞。但 friendly，deadly，lovely，lonely，likely，lively，ugly，brotherly，仍為形容詞。 He spoke to me in a very friendly way. 8） 有些形容詞只能作表語，如：alone, afraid, asleep, alive, awake, well, ashamed, worth, alike等。(可以接形容詞作表語的系動詞有become, get, go, feel, look, seem, appear, sound, smell, taste, turn, grow, remain, stay, keep)The old man is alone.9） Open做形容詞時意思是“開著的”The door is open.副詞知識點總結：一. 定義: 副詞主要用來修飾動詞，形容詞，副詞或其他結構。 二. 副詞的位置 : 1）多數(shù)副詞都可以放在它所修飾的動詞后面。 He runs slowly. 2）頻度副詞一般放在be動詞、情態(tài)動詞及第一個助動詞之后，實義動詞之前。如：He is seldom ill. 他很少生病。 You must always remember this.3) 時間副詞、地點副詞和方式副詞一般放在句末。They went to the park yesterday morning.I heard him sing English songs over there.方式副詞well，badly，hard等只放在句尾。 He speaks English well. 他英語說得好。 4) 同時存在時間狀語和地點狀語時，時間狀語一般放在后面。如：The meeting will be held in the classroom tomorrow.5)有些詞既可用做形容詞也可副詞。如：late, wide, well, fast, easy, early 等The road is so wide that 8 buses can go throw it at a time.Open your mouth wide.三. 兼有兩種形式的副詞 1） close與closely close意思是靠近地；closely 意思是緊密地。例如： He is sitting close to me. 他就坐在我邊上。 Watch him closely. 盯著他。 2） late 與lately late意思是晚，遲；lately 意思是最近。例如： You have come too late. 你來得太晚了。 What have you been doing lately? 近來好嗎？ 3） deep與deeply deep意思是深，表示空間深度；deeply時常表示感情上的深度，深深地。例如： He pushed the stick deep into the mud.他把棍子深深插進泥里。 Even father was deeply moved by the film.老爸也被電影深深打動了。 4） high與highly high表示空間高度；highly表示程度，相當于much。例如： The plane was flying high. 這架飛機飛得很高。 I think highly of your opinion. 你的看法很有道理。 5） wide與widely wide表示空間寬度；widely意思是廣泛地，在許多地方。例如： He opened the door wide. 他把門開得大大的。 English is widely used in the world.英語在世界范圍內廣泛使用。 6） free與freely free的意思是免費；freely 的意思是無限制地。例如： You can eat free in my restaurant whenever you like.無論什么時候，我這飯鋪免費對你開放。形容詞副詞的比較級和最高級形容詞、副詞有三個等級，分別為原級、比較級、最高級。一. 形容詞、副詞比較等級的構成。（1）規(guī)則變化： 構成方法 原級 比較級 最高級單音節(jié)詞和少數(shù)雙音節(jié)詞一般在詞尾加-er或-estlongtall longertaller longest tallest以字母-e結尾的詞，加-r或-stlargenice larger nicer largest nicest以“輔音字母+y”結尾的詞，先變y為i，再加-er或-estbusyheavyfunnyearly busier heavier funnier earlier busiest heaviest funniest earliest重讀閉音節(jié)詞只有一個輔音字母結尾時，先雙寫輔音字母，再加-er或-estbighotfat bigger hotter fatter biggest hottest fattest多音節(jié)和部分雙音節(jié)詞在原級前加more或mostusefulbeautifulquicklyslowly more usefulmore beautifulmore quicklymore slowlymost usefulmost beautifulmost quicklymost slowly（2）.不規(guī)則變化原級比較級最高級good/wellbetterbestmany/muchmoremostbad/illworseworstlittlelessleastoldolder/elderoldest/ eldestfarfarther/ furtherfarthest/furthest二形容詞副詞比較級用法 用于兩個人或事物的比較，比較級前可用much修飾，常用結構有：1). A + be +比較級 + than + B 意思為“A比B更”。eg:這棵樹比那棵樹高（得多）。This tree is (much) taller than that one. 2). 比較級 + and + 比較級 表示“越來越”eg: 天氣變得越來越冷Its getting colder and colder. 3). more and more +原級 越來越eg: 廣州正變得越來越漂亮。Guangzhou is becoming more and more beautiful4). the +比較級，the+比較級 越，就越eg: 越多，越好 The more， the better三形容詞副詞最高級用法用于兩個以上的人和物比較，形容詞最高級前加the，副詞最高級前可省略the. 后多用of/in/among+范圍，常用結構有：1). the +最高級+in/of/among+范圍eg：他在我們班里是最高的。He is the tallest in our class. 2). One of+the+最高級+名詞復數(shù) “最的之一”eg: 廣州是最受歡迎的城市之一。Guangzhou is one of the most popular cities in China.四. 同級比較1). A+be +as +adj/adv原級+as +B A與B一樣/相同Eg: Jack is as tall as his brother. 2). A+be + not +as/so+adj/adv原級 +as +B A與B不一樣/相同 Eg: This book is not as/so interesting as that one. 練習鞏固：英語中考考綱基礎知識練習（形容詞和副詞）選擇填空：1.Peter looked _ when he learned that he hadnt passed the final exam.A, sadly B, sad C, happily D, happy2.Jack did badly at the school sports meeting. I did even _. A, worse B, worst C, more bad D, more badly3.Billy, is your mother cooking meat in the kitchen? It smells so _!A, well B, badly C, nice D, pretty4.The car stopped so _ that the bus behind almost ran into it.A, closely B, immediately C, suddenly D, soon5.We must finish cleaning the office _.A, as soon as possible B, as quickly as soon C, as possible as soon D, as soon as possibly6.What she said this time sounds _.A, pleasantly B, nicely C, friendly D, truly7.I didnt work _ my brother when I was young.A, as hard as B, harder C, hardest D, hardly8.Im going to move _. Its too noisy in our neighbourhood.A, somewhere quiet B, quiet somewhere C, anywhere D, quiet anywhere9.Last year, 15 typhoons (臺風) hit China and Khanun was _.A, strong B, strongest C, stronger D, the strongest10.Its a good habit to keep the classroom _ all the time.A, cleanly B, clearly C, clear D, clean11.When class was over, our maths teacher came into the classroom and said, “Please stay at your seat. I have got _ to announce.”A, nothing important B, important something C, important nothing D, something important12.In the exam, the _ you are, the _ mistakes youll make.A, less careful, fewer B, more careful, less C, less careful, few D, more careful, fewer13.What is _ joke you have ever heard?A, more funny B, the more funny C, the most funny D, the funniest14.This kind of material feels _ silk.A, differently from B, the same to C, different as D, different from15.A recent survey showed that Jingjing and Huanhuan were _ among the five Olympic mascots (吉祥物).A, popular B, more popular C, most popular D, the most popular16.A: Is there _ in todays newspaper? B: Yes. Shenzhou VI has been sent up into space successfully.A, nothing new B, anything new C, new nothing D, new anything17.Visitors in the orchard can eat as _ fruit as they want.A, many B, more C, much D, most18.All of us were very _ when we heard the _ news.A, excited, exciting B, excited, excited C, exciting, exciting D, exciting, excited19.Eddie, my best frind _ Ben.A, is as high as B, works as careful as C, doesnt sing as beautifully as D, writes more better than20.Tom never does his homework _ Alice. So he makes more mistakes. A, as carefully as B, so careful as C, less carefully than D, more careful than21.Water pollution is one of _ in our country.A, serious problem B, the more serious problemsC, most serious problems D, the most serious problems22.The pizza was too small, so she decided to look for _ to eat.A, large something B, something else C, something other D, other something23.We are too tired and hungry. So our steps are getting _.A, slow and slower B, slower and slowest C, slower and slower D, more and more slowly24.Most children in our kindergarten like to play with Barbie girls. They look so _.A, nicely B, happily C, beautifully D, lovely25.In winter, Chinese students like to kick the Jianzi (毽子) to keep themselves _.A, warm B, warmly C, cold D, coldly26.In order to