環(huán)境化學(xué)類(lèi)詞匯表.doc

A*A/O- anoxic and aerobic oxidation缺氧 / 好氧氧化*AAS-atomic absorption spectrophotometry原子吸收光譜abiotic a非生物的ABSalkylbenzene sulfonate烷基苯磺酸鹽abscisa n橫坐標(biāo)*absorbance n吸光度absorbate n被吸收的物質(zhì)absorbent n吸收劑absorption n吸收作用accessory n附屬品 , 附件*acclimation n馴化accumulator n蓄電池acet-乙酰，次乙基acetamide n乙酰胺*acetate n乙酸鹽acetenyl-乙塊基*acetone n丙酮*acetylene n乙快acidimetry n酸量子滴定法acrylic a丙烯酸的activated absorption n活性吸附activated alumna n活性氧化鋁activated carbon n活性炭* activated sludge aeration活性污泥曝氣*activity n活度acyl n?；?additive n添加劑*adiabatic n絕熱的absorbent n吸附劑*absorption n吸附作用absorption bar吸附等壓線absorption isotherm吸附等溫線adverse a不利的,有害的;逆的,相反的*adverse current n逆流aer(o)- 空氣，氣體aerate v曝氣aeration n曝氣*aerobic a好氧的aerogel n氣凝膠aerogenic bacterial n產(chǎn)氣菌*aerosol n氣溶膠affinity n親和力*agar n瓊脂agent n試劑airbone dust n飄塵-al a空中的,飛行空中的,空運(yùn)的,空降的*aldehyde n醛*alga n(pl.) 海藻，藻類(lèi) algicide n除藻 劑*aliphatic a脂肪的*alkali n堿，強(qiáng)堿alkalic metal n堿金屬alkane n烷*alkene n烯烴alkyl n烷基alkyl mercury烷基汞allyl n烯丙基alum n硫酸鋁，明磯48861aluminum sulfate n硫酸鋁*ambient a周?chē)?環(huán)境的 n環(huán)境,環(huán)繞空間*amide n酰胺*amine n胺*amino-氨基*ammonia nitrogen n氨氮ammonia-soda process氨堿法*ammonium n銨（NH4+）amphoteric a兩性的amyl-戊基amylolysis n淀粉水解amylopectin n支鏈淀粉amylose n直鏈淀粉*anaerobic a厭氧的*anaerobic digestion n厭氧消化analysis variance n方差分析analytic balance n分析天平-ane甲烷( 飽和 )anhydride n(酸)酐*aniline n苯胺*anionic陰離子的anisotropic a各向異性的annulara環(huán)形的，輪形*anoxic a缺氧的antifoamer n防沫劑apparatus n儀器，裝置appurtenance n附屬設(shè)備，附件aquatic a水生的*aquifer n蓄水居aquo-水合argon n氫*aromatic a芳香的aryl a芳香基asbestos n石棉asphalt n瀝青，柏油assay v./n. 化驗(yàn)，( 藥物 ) 分析，檢定assimilate v同化*atmospheric boundary大氣邊界層Atmospheric dispersion model大氣彌散模式*atomizer n霧化器autoclave n高壓釜*auto-exhaust 機(jī)動(dòng)車(chē)排氣autopurification n自?xún)糇饔?autorophic a自養(yǎng)的autotroph n自養(yǎng)生物axial-flow pump n軸流泵azeotorpe n共沸混合物，恒沸物azeotorpic共沸混合物的azide n疊氮化合物azo-偶氮基*azo-dye n偶氮染料azotize v固氮B*back extraction n反萃取backup n支持，備用設(shè)備backwashing n反沖洗*baffle n檔板，折流板*bar rack粗格柵base n堿，強(qiáng)堿basic carbonate n堿式碳酸鹽*batch n一次的份量，一批beaker n燒杯*bench-scale a小型的，小試的，實(shí)驗(yàn)室規(guī)模的bentonite n膨潤(rùn)土*benzo-苯并 -*benzoic a安香息酸的，苯甲酸的，苯甲酸基benzoxy- n苯甲酸基*benzyl n苯甲基*benzene n苯bicarbonate n酸式碳酸鹽binary a由兩部分組成的,二進(jìn)位制的,二元的*bio-生物的-*bioactivity n生物活性bioassay n生物測(cè)量*biochemical a生化的*bioconcentrationn生物富集*biodegradable a生物可降解的bio-disk system n生物轉(zhuǎn)盤(pán)*biofilm n生物膜*biological a生物學(xué)的*biomass n生物量biooxidation n生物氧化*bioremediation n生物法歸撲救 biosphere n生物罔biota n生物群biotope n群落生境*biouptake n生物吸收Blank test空白試驗(yàn)blower n鼓風(fēng)機(jī)*BOD-biochemical oxygen demand生化需氧量*boiler n鍋爐breakdown n細(xì)目分類(lèi)break-point chlorination折點(diǎn)加氯*brine n鹽水，海水*BTEX-benzene,toluene,ethylbenzene,xylene苯、甲苯、二甲苯、乙苯*buffer n緩沖、擋板*bulking n膨脹*bulking sludge污泥膨脹bumper n保險(xiǎn)桿*buret n滴定管but-丁*butane n丁烷butyl-丁基by-product n副產(chǎn)物C*calibrate v標(biāo)定、校準(zhǔn)*calomel n甘汞電極*capillary n毛細(xì)管capsule n容器,小皿,小盒;航天艙,密封艙caption n標(biāo)題，（圖片的）說(shuō)明，解說(shuō)詞carbohydrate n碳水化合物*carbolic a（苯）盼的carbon monooxide n一氧化碳*carbonaceous a碳的，含碳的*carbonyl n羰基*carboxyl-羧基*carboxylic a竣基的carcinogenic a致癌的*catalyst n催化劑*cationic a陽(yáng)離子的*caustic a苛性的caveIY1OIls a多孔的celite n硅藻土cellular a細(xì)胞的cellulose n纖維素center take off中心出水*centrifugal a離心的centrifuge n離心機(jī)*centripal a向心的*chain reaction n鏈?zhǔn)椒磻?yīng)char n煤焦charcoal n木炭chelant n整合劑*chlorination n氯化作用chlorine n氯，氯氣chloro-氯-chlorobenzene n氯苯*chlorofluorohydrocarbon n氯氟烴*chloroform n氯仿chloroplast n葉綠體*Chromatography n色譜法，層析cinder n煤渣，爐渣*cis-順-*clarifier n澄清池，澄清劑claus process n克勞斯 ( 二段脫硫 ) 法*CMRcombinative mixed reactor n完全混合式反應(yīng)器*coagulation n混凝coal-tar n煤焦油coating n涂敷、涂布cocatalyst n助催化劑cock n考克，旋塞*COD-chemical oxygen demand化學(xué)需氧量*coefficient n系數(shù)coke n焦炭cold trap n冷*coliformn大腸桿菌阱collaboration n合作，協(xié)作*colloidal n膠體*colorimeter n比色計(jì)comminution n粉碎common-ion effect n同離子效應(yīng)comonomer n共聚單體compartment n隔板，間格，部分compatibility n可混性,混溶性,相溶性;配伍性,可混用性competitive adsorption n競(jìng)爭(zhēng)吸附complex n絡(luò)合物*complexation n絡(luò)合作用compleximetric a絡(luò)合滴定的composite n復(fù)合材料*compost n堆肥compsite n復(fù)合材料*concentration n濃度concentration solubility product濃度溶度積condensation n冷凝作用*conduit n導(dǎo)管conjugated acid n共軛酸*conjugation共軛*consecutive reaction n連串反應(yīng)conservation n保存，保護(hù)，守恒consistency n稠度、粘稠性*console n控制臺(tái)，儀表板constant rate pump n恒流泵* constant temperature bath恒溫浴*constituent n成分*contaminant n污染物*contour 輪廓線，等值線，周線，圍道contractor n立約人，承包商coprecipitate v共沉淀correlate v柑關(guān)，使相互關(guān)聯(lián)Corrode v腐蝕corrosion n腐蝕counter-逆- countercurrent n逆流courier n通訊員，信使*covalent a共價(jià)的cracking n裂解*cresol n甲酚criteria n標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，規(guī)范*crucible n坩堝cryogenic a低溫的crystalline n晶體*culture n培養(yǎng)液，培養(yǎng)基cure v硫化，固化cyanide n氟化物*cyclone n旋風(fēng)分離器cylinder n汽缸Ddata processing n數(shù)據(jù)處理database n數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)dec-癸deca十decantation n傾析泣，傾濾，潷析*decibel n分貝*deep shaft reactor深井曝氣degenerate n退化、變性、變質(zhì)*degrit v除砂*deplete v耗盡，弄空derivation n衍生物desiccation n干燥destructive distillation n干餾detention n停留*detergent n清潔劑，去垢劑deteriorate v使變壞， 使惡化， 損壞，消耗dew n露*dextrorotatory a右旋光的di-二*diaphragm n滲析，透析器*diaphragm a隔膜的diastase n淀粉酶*diazo-重氮基*diazo salt n重氮鹽*dichromaye n重絡(luò)酸鹽*diesel n柴油機(jī)，內(nèi)燃機(jī)differential potentiometric titration差示電位滴定* diffraction n衍射diffraction analysis衍射分析*diffuser n擴(kuò)散器digestion n消化*diolefin n二烯烴dioxins n二惡英diole moment偶極距*direct anodic stripping voltammetry直接陽(yáng)極溶出伏安法discrepancy n誤差、偏差discrete a不遠(yuǎn)續(xù)的，分立的，離散的*disinfect v消毒disinfectant n消毒劑disintegrator n破碎機(jī)disposal v處置，處理dissolved-air flotation溶氣浮選法*distillation n蒸餾*diurnal a白天的*DO-dissolved oxygen溶解氧dosage n劑量*drainage n排水，排水設(shè)備droplet n微滴dyes n染料EE.Coli.(escherichia coli) n埃希氏大腸桿菌ebullating bed n沸騰床ECD-electron capture detector電子捕獲檢測(cè)器*ecology n生態(tài)學(xué)ecosystem n生態(tài)系統(tǒng)*effluent n出水，流出物*EIA environmental impact assessment環(huán)境影響評(píng)價(jià)*electrocapillarity n電毛細(xì)管現(xiàn)象electrolyte n電解質(zhì)，電解液electronegativity n電負(fù)性electronmicroscope n電子顯微鏡*electro-osmosis n電滲透electroplate n電鍍*eluant n洗提液empirical a經(jīng)驗(yàn)的*emulsion n乳化液，乳濁液encapsulate v密封， 封裝endo-內(nèi)*endogenous a內(nèi)源的*endrin n異狄氏劑-ene烯ennea九*enthalpy n焓*entropy熵*environmental hormone n環(huán)境激素*enzyme n酶*environmental protection agency環(huán)境保護(hù)局*epoxy a環(huán)氧的，n.環(huán)氧樹(shù)脂epoxy-環(huán)氧基*equivalent a等當(dāng)量的erode v腐蝕erratic a不穩(wěn)定的，不規(guī)律的*ester n酯-ester 酯esterification n酶化反應(yīng)esturary n河口eth- 乙*ether n醚-ether醚ethylene n乙烯eutection n低共熔的，易熔的*eutrophic a富營(yíng)養(yǎng)化的eutrophication n富營(yíng)養(yǎng)化evaporation n蒸發(fā)作用，發(fā)散*exchange adsorption n交換吸附excreta n排泄物*exothermicity n放熱性exponent n指數(shù)，幕數(shù)階*extended aeration延時(shí)曝氣*extracellular enzyme n胞外酶*extraction n萃取extrapolation n外推法，推斷Ffacility n設(shè)施factoring n因式分解*facultative a兼性的ferri-鐵*ferric a三價(jià)鐵的ferrite n鐵素體，鐵氧體*ferro-亞鐵ferro-亞鐵-*ferrous a含有鐵的，亞鐵的，二價(jià)鐵的* filamentous n絲狀菌*filtrate n濾液filtration n過(guò)濾flake n薄片flame spectrophotometryn火焰光度法flap n活蓋，活板*flask n燒瓶f1ask n燒瓶f1ex n軟管*flocculation n絮凝*flotation n氣浮*flowrate n流量，流率flue-gas desulfurization煙氣脫硫fluffy a松散的，易碎的fluidized bed n流化床fluoride n氟化物fluorimetry n熒光法fluorine n氟flush v沖洗，水淹foliage n葉子，樹(shù)葉，葉簇*formaldehyde n甲醒*formalin n福爾馬林*formic a甲酸的fossil n化石fractionation n分餾,分凝free swimming ciliates游泳型纖毛蟲(chóng)Freon n氟利昂front-panel n面板frothing n起泡*FRPfiberglass reinforced plastics玻璃鋼fugacity n逸度*full-scale n實(shí)際尺寸,實(shí)物大小,滿刻度,大規(guī)模的fume n(難聞的)煙，氣fungi n真菌fungicide n除菌劑GGACgranular activated carbon顆粒活性炭galactose n半乳糖galvanometer n電流計(jì)*gasifier n氣化器*GC/MS-gas chromatograph/mass spectrometry色質(zhì)聯(lián)用gel n凍膠，凝膠generic a屬的，類(lèi)的geothermal stream n地?zé)崃?glucose葡糖糖*glycerol n甘油，丙三醇granular a顆粒狀的granulometry n粒度分析grating n光柵，摩擦，隔柵gravel n礫石gravimetric a測(cè)量重量的*greenhouse effect n溫室效應(yīng)grit n粗砂gunite n水泥砂漿層H*halide n氯化物*halo-鹵-*halogen n鹵素handbook n手冊(cè)，指南*hazardous a危險(xiǎn)的，冒險(xiǎn)的*headloss n水頭損失heat capacity constant pressure等壓熱容量*heat capacity at constant volume等容熱容helical a螺旋的*helical agitator n螺旋式攪拌器hept-庚hepta n七h(yuǎn)erbicide n除草劑hetero-雜-*heterogeneity n不均勻性，多相性heterotrophic a異氧的hex-己hexa-六hinder v阻止，阻礙hood n通風(fēng)櫥*hopper n漏斗hose n膠管*HPLC-high performance liquid chromatography高壓液相色譜*HRT-hydraulic retention time水流停留時(shí)間*Humus n腐殖質(zhì)*hybridism a雜化的 *hydration n水合作用*hydraulic n水力的*hydro-氫化*hydrocarbon n碳?xì)浠衔铮瑹N類(lèi)*hydrochloric acid鹽酸*hydrolysis n水解*hydrophilic a親水的*hydrophobic a疏水的hydroscopic a吸濕的hydrosol n水溶膠hydrostatic a流體靜力學(xué)的hydroxides n氫氧化物*hydroxyl-羥基-hyperbola n雙曲線*hypo-次-*hypochlorite n次氯酸鹽hypod1esis n假設(shè)，假說(shuō)；前提I-ic anhydride n酸酐IC-ion chromatography離子色譜*imhoff a雙層的-imide n酰亞胺*-imine 亞胺immobilize v使不動(dòng)，使固定*immobilized enzyme 固定化酶*impeller n葉輪*in situ n現(xiàn)場(chǎng)incidence n發(fā)生率*incinerate v焚燒*incubation n培養(yǎng)*indicator n指示劑inert n惰性inertia n慣性*influent n進(jìn)水*inhalable a可吸入的*inhibit v約束，抑制insecticide n殺蟲(chóng)劑*instrumental analysis 儀器分析 intake n攝入量*intermittent a間歇式的，周期性的*intracellular enzyme n胞內(nèi)酶*intrinsic a內(nèi)在的，本質(zhì)的，固有的*inventory n（商品，物資等）清單，目錄iodine n碘*ion n離子*ion exchanger 離子交換劑ionpair n離子對(duì)*IP-inhalable particle 可吸入顆粒物*iso- 異-isobutyl- 異丁基*isomer n同分異構(gòu)體*isopiestic a等壓的*isopropyl n異丙基*isotope n同位素*isotropy n各向同性iterative method 迭代法Jjack n起重機(jī)，千斤頂，插座K *ketone n酮*kinetic a動(dòng)力學(xué)的L*lactic a乳酸的lactose n乳糖*lagoon n氧化塘*laminar a層流的*landfill v填埋的LAS linear alkyl benzene sulfonate 線性烷基苯磺酸鹽lathe n車(chē)床lattice n晶格，點(diǎn)陣，網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)*leachate n滲出液，瀝出液*lean phase n貧相l(xiāng)evorotatory a左旋光的lift pipe 提升管*lignin n木質(zhì)素*lime n石灰limestone n石灰石*liner n襯里litmus n石蕊*loading n負(fù)荷logarithmic a對(duì)數(shù)的*LPG-liquified petroleum gas 液化石油氣lyophilic a親液的lysimetric a溶度的M*manifold n歧管marsh gas 沼氣mass balance 物料衡算*membrane n膜*mercaptan n硫醇mercury n貢meteorological a氣象學(xué)的，氣象的mesoscale n中間尺度*meta- 偏-，間位*metabolism n新陳代謝metallurgical a冶金學(xué)的，冶金術(shù)的metasilicate n硅酸鹽metastable a亞穩(wěn)態(tài)的metathesis n復(fù)分解作用*meth- 甲*methane n甲烷methodology n方法學(xué)，分類(lèi)法*methyl- 甲基 *microorganism n微生物*microscreening n超濾*MLSSmixed liquor suspended solid 混合液中的懸浮固體*MLVSSmixed liquor volatile suspended solid 混合液中揮發(fā)性懸浮固體moiety n部分，半個(gè)*molality n（重量）摩爾濃度molarity n（體積）摩爾濃度molecular adsorption n分子吸附moment n矩mono- 單monomer n單體monophase a單相的moving-bed reactor 移動(dòng)床反應(yīng)器*municipal a市政的mutagenicity n誘變性*MW-molecular weight 分子量N*n- 正*naphthalene n萘，衛(wèi)生球*naphthene n環(huán)烷烴*NDIR-nondispersive infrared method 非分散紅外法nebulous a模糊的neuston n飄浮生物nirosation n亞硝化作用*nitrile n腈*nitrite n亞硝酸鹽*nitro- 硝基-*nitrogen dioxide 二氧化氮nitroso- 亞硝基-*NMHC-non-methane hydrocarbon compounds 非甲烷總烴*NMR-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy 核磁共振nocturnal a夜晚的nomenclature n術(shù)語(yǔ)non- 壬*normality n當(dāng)量濃度，正態(tài)性*nucleophilic a親核的O*oct- 辛octa 八octane number 辛烷值odor n氣味off-gas n廢氣*off-line a離線的oil refining 煉油，石油精制*-ol 醇*olephylic a親油的*olephobic a疏油的olfactory a嗅覺(jué)的-one 酮on-line analysis 在線分析*on-site a在場(chǎng)的，就地的*ORP oxidation reduction potential 氧化還原電位*ortho- 原-，鄰位orthogonal a直角的，正交的OTEoxygen transfer efficiency 氧傳輸效率*OURoxygen utilization rates 氧利用效率outfall n排水口overdraft n透支，透支額*overflow n./v溢流oxa- 氧雜-oxalate n草酸鹽oxalic acid 草酸oxidant n氧化劑oxidase n氧化酶oxidation n氧化作用-oxide 氧*oxygen sag curve 氧垂曲線oxygen transfer coefficient 供氧系數(shù)-oyl 酰*ozone depletion 臭氧耗竭*ozonization n臭氧化P*packing n填料*PAC-powder activated carbon, polyaluminum chloride 粉末活性炭，聚合氯化鋁 paddle n槳*PAHpolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons 多環(huán)芳烴PAMpolyacrylamide 聚丙烯酰胺*PANperoxy acetyl nitrate 過(guò)氧硝酸乙酰酯paper pulp n紙漿*para- 對(duì)-，仲-*paraffin n烷烴，石蠟particulate n顆粒物pathogenic a病原的，致病的*PCBpolychlorinated biphenyl 多氯聯(lián)苯pent- 戊penta 五*peptide n肽化合物per- 過(guò)-*percolate n滲透液 v.過(guò)濾percolation n滲透perforated plate 多孔板peristaltic pump 蠕動(dòng)泵permeate v滲透*peroxide n過(guò)氧化物*pe