化學(xué)英語證書考試(PEC)-無機(jī)化學(xué)詞匯.doc

化學(xué)英語證書考試（PEC）-無機(jī)化學(xué)詞匯1. 化學(xué)原理chemical principles 2. 氣體，液體和溶液的性質(zhì)the behaviors of gas,liquid and solution 3. 理想氣體定律ideal gas law 4. 道爾頓分壓定律Daltons Law of Partial pressures 5. 液體的蒸汽壓vapor pressure of liquid 6. 液體的凝固點freezing point of liquid 7. 體系和環(huán)境system and surrounding 8. 狀態(tài)和狀態(tài)函數(shù)states and state functions 9. 化學(xué)熱力學(xué)基礎(chǔ)the basis of chemical thermodynamics 10. 化學(xué)平衡chemical equilibrium 11. 體系與狀態(tài)system and state 12. 熱力學(xué)定理law of thermodynamics13. 熱化學(xué)thermochemistry 14. 焓enthalpy 15. 混亂度disorder 16. 熵entropy 17. 吉布斯自由能Gibbs free energy 18. 化學(xué)平衡chemical equilibrium 19. 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)平衡常數(shù)standard equilibrium constant 20. 同離子效應(yīng)the common ion effect21. 緩沖溶液buffered solution 22. 酸 堿理論與電離平衡the theories of acids&bases and ionization equilibrium 23. 鹽的水解the hydrolysis of salts 24. 沉淀反應(yīng)the precipitation reactions 25. 溶度積solubility product 26. 沉淀溶解平衡的移動equilibrium shift between precipitation and dissolution 27. 分步沉淀stepwise precipitation 28. 鹽效應(yīng)salt effect 29. 氧化還原反應(yīng)oxidation and reduction reactions 30. 還原劑reducing agent or reducer or reductant 31. 氧化劑oxidazing agent or oxidizer or oxidant 32. 原電池galvanic cell 33. 負(fù)極，正極negative pole, positive pole 34. 陽極，陰極anode ,cathode 35. 燃料電池fuel cell 36. 電化學(xué)electrochemistry 37. 電極電勢electrode potential 38. 歧化反應(yīng)disproportionation reaction 39. 化學(xué)動力學(xué)基礎(chǔ)the basis of chemical dynamics 40. 化學(xué)反應(yīng)速率the rate of chemical reaction41. 化學(xué)反應(yīng)機(jī)理reaction mechanism 42. 化學(xué)反應(yīng)活化能activation energy of chemical reaction 43. 動能kinetic energy 44. 基元反應(yīng)elementary reaction 45. 一級反應(yīng)first-order reaction 46. 零級反應(yīng)zero-order reaction 47. 化學(xué)理論chemical theories 48. 原子結(jié)構(gòu)the atomics structure 49. 元素周期律periodic system of elements 50. 原子內(nèi)部structure in atom 51. 氫原子光譜the spectrum of atomic hydrogen 52. 等電子原理isoelectronic principle 53. 電子構(gòu)型electronic structure of atom 54. 價電子構(gòu)型valance electronic configuration 55. 主量子數(shù)principal quantum number 56. 角量子數(shù)angular quantum number 57. 磁量子數(shù)magnetic quantum number 58. 能級energy levels 59. 原子核外電子的運動狀態(tài)moving stations of electrons outer the atomic nucleus 60. 多電子原子結(jié)構(gòu)structure in many-electron atoms 61. 周期系periodic system62. 元素基本性質(zhì)的周期性periodic properties of the elements 63. 化學(xué)鍵和分子，晶體結(jié)構(gòu)chemical bonds and structures of molecules&crystals 64. 金屬鍵和金屬晶體metallic bond and metallic crystal 65. 離子鍵和離子晶體ionic bond and ionic crystal 66. 晶體學(xué)基礎(chǔ)crystallographic foundation 67. 配 位 化 合 物 的 基 本 概 念 basic concepts of coordination compounds 68. 異構(gòu)現(xiàn)象isomerism 69. 化學(xué)結(jié)構(gòu)異構(gòu)現(xiàn)象chemical structure isomerism 70. 電離異構(gòu)體ionization isomer 71. 溶劑合異構(gòu)體solvent isomer 72. 配位異構(gòu)體coordination isomer 73. 聚合異構(gòu)體polymer isomer 74. 鍵連異構(gòu)體linkage isomer 75. 立體異構(gòu)現(xiàn)象steric isomerism 76. 幾何異構(gòu)現(xiàn)象geometrical isomerism 77. 光學(xué)異構(gòu)現(xiàn)象optical isomerism 78. 手性分子chiral molecule 79. 配 合 物 的 化 學(xué) 鍵 理 論 the chemical bond theories of complexes 80. 價鍵理論valance bond theory81. 內(nèi)軌型雜化inner hybridization 82. 內(nèi)軌型配合物inner orbital coordination 83. 外軌型雜化outer hybridization 84. 外軌型配合物outer orbital coordination 85. 配位平衡coordination equilibrium 86. 晶體場理論crystal field theory 87. 強(qiáng)場strong field 88. 弱場weak field 89. 配合物的穩(wěn)定性stabilization of complex 90. 配合物的平衡常數(shù)equilibrium constant of complex 91. 配位化合物的應(yīng)用application of coordination compounds 92. 配位催化coordination catalysis 93. 單基配體 unidentate ligand 94. 多基配體multidentate ligand 95. 螯