2014年自考英語(二)資料(_unit_6).doc

Unit 6 The Value of Money I. New words and expressionsNew words1. stationery n. 文具同音詞：stationary2. fare n. 車費(fèi)；船費(fèi)；飛機(jī)票價(jià)3. lump sum n. 一次總付的錢款4. recess n. 課間休息 ，5. allocate v. 撥（給）；劃（給）；分配（給）6. overspend v. 花錢過多；比（預(yù)計(jì)的）花得多；超支注意over- / out-的區(qū)別：overeat outeatoverdo outdooversleep outliveoverweight outshine7. opt v. 選擇；挑選optionoptional8. constraint n. 限制；限定；約束9. budget v. 謹(jǐn)慎花錢；把編入預(yù)算10. overindulge v. 過多地享用（尤指食物或飲料）11. short-sighted adj. 目光溜淺的；沒有遠(yuǎn)見的12. mentality n. 心態(tài)；思想狀況；思想方法13. sibling n. 兄；弟；姐；妹14. indulge v. 沉湎，沉迷，沉溺（于）15. rationing n. 定量配給政策；配給制16. principle n. 觀念；（行動(dòng)、思想的）理由，信條同音詞：principal17. unnecessarily adv. 沒必要地18. differentiate v. 區(qū)分；區(qū)別；辨別differdifferentdifference19. inculcate v. 反復(fù)灌輸；諄諄教誨20. resist v. 忍住；抵擋resistantresistance21. temptation n. 引誘；誘惑22. scheme n. 計(jì)劃；方案；體系；體制23. formation n. 組成；形成24. kindergarten n. 幼兒園25. monthly adj. 按月結(jié)算的；有效期為一個(gè)月的dailyweeklybiweeklymonthlyquarterlyyearlyPhrases and Expressions1. on a daily basis 每日地2. result in 導(dǎo)致3. pay off 付清；償清4. within ones means 量入為出5. standin good stead （需要時(shí)）對(duì)某人有用，對(duì)某人有利II. Text LearningTeaching Children to Spend Pocket Money Wisely School-going children need pocket money for food, stationery and bus fares. Parentsgive pocket money to their children in different ways. Some give a lump sum at the beginning of a month or a week. Others prefer to give pocket money on a daily basis. (1)The way in which pocket money is given affects how money is spent or saved.（承上啟下的句子） On the other hand, the childrens spending habits may affect how pocket money is given. (2)Pocket money given on a daily basis is sometimes termed as food money. Children usually use the pocket money to buy food during recess and also at lunch hour if they have school activities in the afternoon. They learn how to manage small sums of money. As the money is limited, they have to control their spending.（承上啟下的句子）(3)Some parents choose this method of allocating pocket money in order to prevent their children fromoverspending, hoping that in time they can be trusted with larger sums of money. Parents who earn daily wages may also opt for this due to financial constraints.（承上句）本部分重點(diǎn)及難點(diǎn)：1. The way in which pocket money is given affects how money is spent or saved.(1) the way (in which / that) sb. does sth. （參考Unit 2，Text A）the way (in which / that) sth. is done(2) 句子的主干是：The way affects how money is spent or saved.2. Pocket money given on a daily basis is sometimes termed as food money.(1) given on a daily basis 過去分詞短語作定語(2) be termed as 被稱為3. Some parents choose this method of allocating pocket money in order to prevent their children from overspending, hoping that in time they can be trusted with larger sums of money.(1) 句子的主干是Some parents choose this method in order to prevent their children fromoverspending.prevent sb. from doing sth.與keep sb. from doing sth. 相同，但前者from可以省略，后者不能省略。(2) hoping that伴隨狀語，相當(dāng)于in the hope that懷著的希望(3) in time: sooner or later, eventually 遲早，最后You will learn how to do it in time. 你遲早會(huì)能學(xué)會(huì)做這件事的。(4) trust with把托付給 （參考Unit 3，Text B） Giving pocket money on a daily basis places responsibilities of budgeting on the parents, instead of the child. (4)The child may spend every single cent of the daily pocket money by overindulging in junk food as they know they will get another sum of money the next day. This results in children being shortsighted in their spending. The thought of saving money never crossed their minds. （承上啟下的句子） They may develop the mentality that money is meant to be spent.（承上句）Others spend more than they are given. They borrow from their siblings or their classmates when they feel like indulging themselves. Then they mayask for money to pay off their debts. (5)This habit of borrowing causes them to depend on others to solve their problems.（承上啟下的句子） In such instances, the purpose of rationing is defeated.本部分重點(diǎn)及難點(diǎn)：4. The child may spend every single cent of the daily pocket money by overindulging in junk food as they know they will get another sum of money the next day. 孩子知道第二天還能得到一筆零花錢，因而會(huì)花光每一分錢，暴食垃圾食品。5. This habit of borrowing causes them to depend on others to solve their problems.(1) cause sb. to do sth.(2) depend / rely on sb. to do sth.注意depend的派生詞：dependent (on/upon)dependence (on/upon)independent (of)Independence Day類似用法的結(jié)構(gòu)：wait for sb. to do sth.call on sb. to do sth.look to sb. to do sth. / for sth. 指望某人做某事請(qǐng)認(rèn)真答題，答題結(jié)果將記入知識(shí)點(diǎn)測(cè)評(píng)的成績！【單選題】10. His complete _ on his parents made them very disappointed. He decided to encourage him to be _ of them.A independent, dependentB independence, dependentC dependence, independenceD dependence, independent【答案】D【解析】本題考查depend的派生詞。第一個(gè)空格作主語故需要填名詞，第二個(gè)空格作表語，故需要填形容詞，因此用B和D中選擇，根據(jù)句意需選D。句意為他純粹依靠父母使父母很失望，他們決定鼓勵(lì)他獨(dú)立于他們?！局R(shí)點(diǎn)】depend的派生詞 Children need to learn how to budget their money. Some parents go by the learing by doing principle and give their children lump sums at the beginning of the month, and by the third week of the month their account is already dry. On the other hand, some learn to budget their pocket money very well and even have savings at the end of the month. They do not borrow money unnecessarily. In other words, they learn to spend within their means. (6)The key to doing this is to differentiate between needs and wants. (7)Buy the necessary first, and indulge ourselves only if there is money left. （承上啟下的句子） (8)This habit, when inculcated since young, stands them in good stead when they start working and earning their own money. It enables them to resist the temptation of buy now and pay later schemes.（承上總結(jié)的句子）本部分重點(diǎn)及難點(diǎn)6. The key to doing this is to differentiate between needs and wants. 做到這一點(diǎn)的關(guān)鍵是區(qū)分必須的和想要的。(1) the key to (doing) sth.(2) differentiate between A and B和differ from的不同： 前者意為區(qū)分A和B后者意為與不同注意同根詞：differ A differs from B different A is different from Bdifference the difference between A and Bdifferentiate differentiate between A and B7. Buy the necessary first, and indulge ourselves only if there is money left.(1) only if 只有在的情況下注意區(qū)分if only 要是就好了 If only I were a free bird flying in the sky.(2) there is money left. 錢有剩余。8. This habit, when inculcated since young, stands them in good stead when they start working and earning their own money. 當(dāng)他們開始工作賺錢，年幼時(shí)受到諄諄教誨而養(yǎng)成的習(xí)慣就會(huì)使他們受益。(1) inculcate sth. in/into sb. / inculcate sb. with sth. 向某人灌輸，用教育某人inculcate in young people a respect for the law = inculcate young people with a respect for the law向年輕人反復(fù)灌輸法制的思想(2) stand sb. in good stead: be beneficial to sb.補(bǔ)充：benefit-beneficialinfluence-influentialmystery-mysteriousmisery-miserable請(qǐng)認(rèn)真答題，答題結(jié)果將記入知識(shí)點(diǎn)測(cè)評(píng)的成績！【單選題】11. Im willing to lend you some money _ you promise you will repay me next week.A otherwiseB unlessC only ifD if only【答案】C【解析】本題考查only if和if only的區(qū)別。only if是條件句的強(qiáng)調(diào)形式，意為只有在的情況下；if only 意為要是就好了，用于虛擬語氣，故選C。句意為只要你承諾下周還我，我愿意借給你錢?！局R(shí)點(diǎn)】only if和if only的區(qū)別 Formation of any habit starts at a tender age（幼年）. (9)There is no better way to teach children to manage money than to start with their pocket money. They need to learn the importance of budgeting right from kindergarten days. It is a good idea to start with daily pocket money and move on to monthly pocket money.（承上啟下的句子） When children learn to spend within their means, they are able to manage their finances well later in their lives.本部分重點(diǎn)及難點(diǎn)：9. There is no better way to teach children to manage money than to start with their pocket money.否定詞和比較級(jí)連用相當(dāng)于最高級(jí)。本句相當(dāng)于：To start with their pocket money is the best way to teach children to manage money.再如：There is nothing better than having a cold drink on a hot summer afternoon.I cannot agree with you more.I cannot care less.His words cannot be more inspiring.請(qǐng)認(rèn)真答題，答題結(jié)果將記入知識(shí)點(diǎn)測(cè)評(píng)的成績！【單選題】12. I benefited a lot from his words. In fact, his words _.A encouraged no moreB couldnt be more encouragingC not more encouragingD couldnt be more encouragement【答案】B【解析】本題考查否定詞+比較級(jí)。本句選擇B，His words couldnt be more encouraging.相當(dāng)于His words were the most encouraging.他的話太鼓舞人了。D選項(xiàng)中詞性使用錯(cuò)誤，應(yīng)該用形容詞encouraging而不是名詞encouragement作表語。【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】否定詞+比較級(jí)III. 部分練習(xí)講解P218 Bridging the GapDirections: Fill in the blanks with a word or a phrase that best completes the passage. You may choose a suitable one from the list given.解題方法：把詞分類動(dòng)詞 形容詞 連詞副詞grow basic now that ideallyinvest wasteful wherecalled directaccumulateddirectMoney management can actually be broken down into a very simple practice that even a fourth grader can do in his young life. The 1 basicstep to being on your wealth path is knowing how much you really do need in your life and how you can 2 invest the rest. If you are already working, arrange with your company to 3 directa predetermined amount of your payroll（工資單） into a forced savings fund and then you will learn to live with the rest. 4Ideally, the amount that is left for you to work with is smaller, and this particular practice is actually 5 calledlearning to pay yourself first - despite bills and other payables（其他應(yīng)付款）, you will come first.The beauty of this money management practice to get you on the wealth path is that you will be forced to cut your 6 wastefulspending. You will learn to live with what you have and figure out the little avenues（渠道） in your life 7 whereyou can stop the financial leaks. With this, you will find that you have extra money to invest with. 8 Now thatyou have a sizeable amount, the next thing that you can do is to figure out where to put the extras that have 9 accumulatedover time so you can generate money and make it 10 growwith very little effort from you. There are many things you can find to put your money in.I. New words and expressionsNew words1. root n. 根源；起因2. evil n. 邪惡；罪惡；惡行3. greedy adj. 貪婪的；貪心的greed4. financially adv. 經(jīng)濟(jì)上financefincancialCFO (chief financial officer)聯(lián)想：CEO (chief executive officer)UFO (unidentified flying object)5. readily adj. 快捷地；輕而易舉地；便利地6. available adj. 可獲得的；可購得的；可找到的be available to sb.availability7. abundant adj. 大量的；豐盛的；充裕的be abundant in sth.abundance8. universe n. 宇宙；天地萬物；萬象9. scared adj. 害怕的；恐懼的；畏懼的；擔(dān)心的10. meditation n. 冥想；沉思；深思11. donate v. （尤指向慈善機(jī)構(gòu)）捐贈(zèng)，贈(zèng)送12. favorite adj. 最喜愛的13. charity n. 慈善機(jī)構(gòu)（或組織）14. abundance n. 大量；豐盛；充裕15. opposite n. 對(duì)立的人（或物）；對(duì)立面；反面16. subconscious n. 潛意識(shí)17. originally adv. 原來；起初originoriginal18. stimulate v. 促進(jìn)；激發(fā)；激勵(lì)stimulantstimulating19. economy n. 經(jīng)濟(jì)；經(jīng)濟(jì)情況；經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)economic economic development / growth / policieseconomical an economical personeconomicseconomisteconomize / economise economize on sth.economically20. versus prep. （表示兩隊(duì)或雙方對(duì)陣）對(duì)，訴，對(duì)抗21. whereby conj. 憑此；藉以；由于22. label v. （尤指不公正地）把稱為23. joyfully adv. 快樂地24. balance n. 均衡；平衡；均勢(shì)balancedimbalanced25. mindset n. 觀念模式；思維傾向Phrases and Expressions1. deep down 實(shí)際上；在心底2. open up （使某事物）成為可能，可得到，可達(dá)到II. Text LearningThe Importance of Money in Life1 What were you taught about money as you were growing up? Something like money doesnt grow on trees, or money is the root of all evil, or maybe all rich people are greedy?2 Well, how do you expect to become a success financially if you believe these things? You attract into your life what you are thinking about and what you believe. If you think there is not enough money in this world for everyone you will never have enough money. That is called the Law of Attraction（吸引法則）.3 First of all, believing that money doesnt grow on trees is an example of whats called lack or scarcity programming. Our parents taught us that there was never enough money togo around（分配）, and that it was not readily available or abundant. But in truth, the universe is very abundant, and there is lots of money to go around for everyone. Just think what you could do if you have as much money as your heart desires What wonderful things you could do with it: travel to the countries you have always dreamt of, buy a house you are even scared to think about, attend meditation classes so you could spiritually grow, donate money to your favorite charity, spend more quality time（黃金時(shí)光）with your family, (1)and the list goes on.4 The key is to start thinking that you deserve the money and that there is lots of it available for you, and then you can start attracting it into your life. Thats abundance thinking（充裕想法）, which is the opposite of lack or scarcity thinking. (2)When you start thinking about the abundance the Law of Attraction will do the rest. （承上啟下句）You do not need to know how it is going to happen. Just make the first step, first thought. Starting is already winning.5 And what about thinking that money is the root of all evil? Can you really expect to become a success if you believe that money is the root of all evil? (3)Unless you have a desire to be an evil person, your subconscious will not let you have money if you believe deep down that it is the root of all evil.6 By the way, that quote is taken out of context in the first place. It was originallystated as the love of money is the root of all evil. (4)So it has nothing to do with the money itself.（承上句）本部分重點(diǎn)及難點(diǎn)：1. the list goes on.相當(dāng)于there are many other thing that can be put on the list.意為還有很多其它的事情（你可以做）2. When you start thinking about the abundance the Law of Attraction will do the rest.你開始想著充裕原則的時(shí)候，吸引力法則負(fù)責(zé)剩余的事情。即Once you start thinking about the abundance, the Law of Attraction will work with the rest.3. Unless you have a desire to be an evil person, your subconscious will not let you have money if you believe deep down that it is the root of all evil. 如果你從心底認(rèn)同金錢是萬惡之源，那么除非你想當(dāng)個(gè)惡人，否則，你的潛意識(shí)就不會(huì)讓你有錢。deep down: in reality, in spite of appearances 實(shí)際上，在心底She seems indifferent, but deep down she is very pleased.她看上去無動(dòng)于衷，其實(shí)心里非常高興。4. So it has nothing to do with the money itself. 因此它和錢本身無關(guān)。have nothing / something / a little / little / much to do sth.7 Now that you understand that, you can start to think that money is in fact good. You can help people with money. You can stimulate the economy with money. Even the most kind-hearted spiritual person, who says they dont need money, can do more to make the world a better place with money than without it.8 And what about thinking that all rich people are greedy? Well, that creates us versus them, whereby you have labeled all of them greedy in your mind. You, on the other hand, are very giving in your mind. Thats why you dont have money, because youre not greedy.9 Sure, there must be some rich people in the world who are