2019年高考英語真題-完形填空 及 解析(7篇).doc

2019年高考英語真題分類匯編專題07：完形填空一、完形填空（共7題；共140分）1. ( 20分 ) （2019浙江）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。 There are lots of ways to raise awareness for a cause. Usually the 1 the idea is the more it gets noticed. And thats precisely why one 2 Frenchman has caught our attention. Baptiste Dubanchet is biking across Europe surviving 3 on discarded（丟棄）food. The three-month 1 900-mile journey from Paris to Warsaw is Dubanchets 4 of raising awareness of food waste in Europe and throughout the world. As you can 5 the trip is no piece of cake. While restaurants 6 tons of food each year much of it remains inaccessible because of 7 garbage containers health regulations or business policies. Only about one in ten places 8 him food that would otherwise be discarded. For legal 9 most restaurants have a policy against 10 food waste. Some people have even 11 their jobs by giving me food Dubanchet said. Whats 12 interesting is the attitude various cities have toward Dubanchets cause. Berlin has been the 13 while the most difficult was the Czech town of Pilsen. There he had to 14 at some 50 different stores or restaurants before finding food. The 15 is all the more serious when you consider the 16 exercise required to bike from France to Poland. I have to get food 17 because after all the biking I am tired and I need the 18 Dubanchet explained. Is my 19 full or empty? That is the most important thing not what I am eating. He aims to 20 his journey by mid-July. With any luck hell turn a few more heads in the process. 2. ( 20分 ) （2019北京）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。 Regardless of the weather or the distance Paul Wilson will make sure low-income students in his neighbourhood arrive at their college classes on time. A retired engineer 76-year-old Wilson has been 1 free rides to college students for the past eight years. Since he first started 2 his car to the young people. Wilson has 3 am astonishing 64 000 miles and has had countless pleasant and often humorous 4 with the students he transports to and from school. The students who hes 5 have gone on to become physicians teachers and engineers but what theyve also got out of their time in school is finding a role model and a friend in Wilson. Some students 6 call him Grandpa. Tina Stern 7 rides from Wilson for all her four years in college and the trips meant much more to her than just free 8 . Its not just a ride；youre not just sitting there in 9 silence or with your headphones on. Stern said. He asks you questions and actually 10 the answers so the next time you ride with him hell 11 those things. Wilson first worked as a driver through a student-support programme of the non-profit organisation. On Point for College. Although the 12 asks the members only to drive students to and from their classes Wilson often goes 13 to ensure the welfare and safety of the students. If they have problems with registration. Wilson is there to 14 them. If they run out of certain daily necessities. Wilson will drive to the nearest store and purchase whats needed. If a student gets hungry on the long drives to and from school Wilson never 15 to buy them a meal. For many students Wilsons help is not only appreciated its also entirely 16 for them to be able to complete their college education. Some students dont have a reliable car while others have to 17 vehicles with parents who work six days a week. For them riding with Wilson has 18 them to complete their educationbut according to Wilson he benefits just as much from the 19 . I just love driving and I love these kids Wilson said. Its such a(n) 20 to be a part of these kids lives even just for a few hours getting to know them and hearing their stories. 3. ( 20分 ) （2019江蘇）請認真閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。 Wildlife has been greatly threatened in the modem age. There are species (物種) that are 1 every day. The white-naped crane is a typical example. So scientists are trying their best to 2 the species from going out of existence. Chris and Tim work at a zoo helping endangered cranes with their 3 . Emma a female crane has been in their 4 since she arrived in 2004. Born at an international crane foundation Emma was 5 by human caretakers. This led to an unexpected 6 though she had a wonderful time there. Emma had 7 taken herself as a crane and become deeply attached to humans. She 8 to live with male cranes and even had a 9 for killing some of them which made it 10 for her to become a mother. 11 the two zookeepers didnt want to see the extinction (滅絕) of this precious species. With their patience and efforts they successfully developed a 12 of artificial breeding (人工繁殖) and natural reproduction. This 13 Emma to give birth to five baby cranes. The two keepers are proud of their productive work. But before they can be 14 more efforts must be made because the population of the crane in the wild is on the 15 and many other species appear headed toward extinction. 16 not everyone has realized that wildlife has thoughts feelings and most importantly equal rights to survive. How can we 17 the ever-widening gap that separates us from other animals? Chris and Tim offered us the 18 : human beings took it for granted that their 19 held all the solutions but maybe their hearts can be a better 20 . 4. ( 20分 ) （2019天津）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。 I was ready to pay for my bananas at the grocery one night when fear seized me. My wallet was gone. I could only have left it on the G9 bus which was now speeding in the dark to some 1 station. The 2 moment was quickly followed by mental math. How much time and money would it cost to replace the 3 of that little wallet？The credit cards the drivers license the cash all lost to the bus. Two hours later back at my house I heard a knock on the door. My husband 4 it while I was on the phone in the dining room. Does Jennifer live here? I heard a lady say. In my husbands hand was my wallet with not a penny 5 . She left before I could 6 make it to the door to offer my thanks. After sharing the story online I heard from someone who 7 the lady as Erin Smith. Without 8 I called to thank her. She said she 9 my wallet on a bus seat. She 10 that going to a strangers house was a 11 move but she decided to take the chance. If I were in that 12 . I would want someone to try to find me she said. This one stranger responded beautifully to my small 13 but she actually wasnt the only one. Right after Erin 14 my wallet on the bus she posted a picture of my drivers license to an online forum（論壇） trying to see 15 anyone knew me. No sooner did she leave my doorstep than I had emails from two women whose kids go to my sons nursery and who recognized my face. Ive never 16 words with those moms beyond small tall but they wanted to help. I read that people are more divided than ever but thats not how the people I 17 tend to act. 18 I feel blessed someone had wanted to help a stranger. Erin had gone 19 what almost anyone would have done finding my house on a bitterly cold night and for that I was extremely 20 . 5. ( 20分 ) （2019全國）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。 The small town of Rjukan in Norway is situated between several mountains and does not get direct sunlight from late September to mid-March- 1 six months out of the year. Of course we 2 it when the sun is shining says Karin Ro who works for the towns tourism office. We see the sky is 3 but down in the valley its darker its like on a 4 day.” But that 5 when a system of high-tech 6 was introduced to reflect sunlight from neighboring peaks（山峰）into the valley below. Wednesday residents（居民）of Rjukan 7 their very first ray of winter sunshine: A row of reflective boards on a nearby mountainside were put to 8 . The mirrors are controlled by a computer that 9 them to turn along with the sun throughout the 10 and to close during windy weather. They reflect a concentrated beam（束）of light onto the towns central 11 creating an area of sunlight roughly 600 square meters. When the light 12 Rjukan residents gathered together. People have been 13 there and standing there and taking 14 of each other Ro says. The town square was totally 15 . I think almost all the people in the town were there. The 3500 residents cannot all 16 the sunshine at the same time. 17 the new light feels like more than enough for the towns 18 residents. Its not very 19 ” she says but it is enough when we are 20 .” 6. ( 20分 ) （2019全國）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。 Its about 250 miles from the hills of west-central lowa to Ehlers home in Minnesota. During the long trip home following a weekend of hunting Ehlers 1 about the small dog he had seen 2 alongside the road. He had 3 to coax（哄）the dog to him but frightened it had 4 . Back home Ehlers was troubled by that 5 dog. So four days later he called his friend Greg and the two drove 6 . After a long and careful 7 . Greg saw across a field the dog moving 8 away. Ehlers eventually succeeded in coaxing the animal to him. Nervousness and fear were replaced with 9 . It just started licking（舔）Ehlers face. A local farmer told them the dog sounded like one 10 as lost in the local paper. The ad had a 11 number for a town in southern Michigan. Ehlers 12 the number of Jeff and Lisa to tell them he had 13 their dog. Jeff had 14 in lowa before Thanksgiving with his dog Rosie but the gun shots had scared the dog off. Jeff searched 15 for Rosie in the next four days. Ehlers returned to Minnesotan and then drove 100 miles to Minneapolis to put Rosie on a flight to Michigan. “Its good to know theres still someone out there who 16 enough to go to that kind of 17 says Lisa of Ehlers rescue 18 . I figured whoever lost the dog was probably just as 19 to it as I am to my dogs” says Ehlers. “If it had been my dog Id hope that somebody would be 20 to go that extra mile.” 7. ( 20分 ) （2019 全國）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。 Every year about 40000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro the highest mountain in Africa. They 1 with them lots of waste. The 2 might damage the beauty of the place. The glaciers(冰川)are disappearing changing the 3 of Kilimanjaro. Hearing these stories Im 4 about the place other destinations are described as purer natural experiences. However I soon 5 that much has changed since the days of disturbing reports of 6 among tons of rubbish. I find a 7 mountain with toilets at camps and along the paths. The environmental challenges are 8 but the efforts made by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem to be 9 . The best of a Kilimanjaro 10 in my opinion isnt reaching the top. Mountains are 11 as spiritual places by many cultures. This 12 is especially evident on Kilimanjaro as 13 go through five ecosystems(生態(tài)系統(tǒng))in the space of a few kilometers. At the baxxxxse is a rainforest. It ends abruptly at 3 000 meters 14 lands of low growing plants. Further up the weather 15 low clouds envelope the mountainsides which are covered with thick grass. I 16 twelve shades of green from where I stand. Above 4 000 meters is the highland 17 : gravel(礫石) stones and rocks. 18 you climb into an arctic-like zone with 19 snow and the glaciers that may soon disappear. Does Kilimanjaro 20 its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines of tourists ruining the atmosphere of peace？I found the opposite to be true. 答案解析部分一、完形填空1.【答案】 （1）C；（2）A；（3）C；（4）B；（5）B；（6）D；（7）A；（8）B；（9）A；（10）B；（11）D；（12）C；（13）A；（14）C；（15）D；（16）C；（17）D；（18）B；（19）A；（20）D； 【考點】記敘文，人物故事類 【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。喚起人們對一種現(xiàn)象的認識有各種方法，為了喚起人們對食物浪費的意識，法國的 Baptiste Dubanchet 靠吃丟棄的飯菜來完成從巴黎到華沙的自行車之旅。本文介紹了他的經(jīng)歷和感悟。（1）考查形容詞辨析。 句意：通常，越奇怪的主意，引起的注意就越多。A. cleverer更聰明的；B. older更老的；C. stranger更奇怪的；D. simpler更簡單的。根據(jù)文章描述 Baptiste Dubanchet 騎車穿越歐洲靠吃丟棄的食物來喚起人們對食物浪費的重視，可知這是一種奇怪的行為。故答案為C。（2）考查形容詞辨析。句意：而那正是為什么一個吃垃圾的法國男人引起了我們的注意。A. garbage-eating吃垃圾的； B. sports-loving愛好運動的；C. food-wasting浪費食物的；D. law-breaking違法的。根據(jù)下文的“ surviving on discarded（丟棄）food 靠吃丟棄的食物”可知那個法國男人吃垃圾，故答案為A。（3）考查副詞辨析。A. secretly秘密地；B. finally最后； C. entirely完全地；D. probably可能地。指Baptiste Dubanchet完全靠吃人們丟棄的食物來完成這次旅行，故答案為C。（4）考查名詞辨析。 A. purpose目的；B. way方式；C. opinion觀點；D. dream夢想。這種喚起人們的意識的方式是 Dubanchets 的方式，故答案為B。（5）考查動詞辨析。 A. observe觀察；B. imagine想象；C. suggest建議；D. remember記得。句意：如你可以想象的，這個旅行絕不是很容易的事情。故答案為B。（6）考查動詞辨析。A. store儲存；B. cook烹飪； C. shop for購買； D. throw away扔掉。句意：雖然餐館每年扔掉成噸的食物，但是很多食物因為垃圾桶，衛(wèi)生條例或者商業(yè)政策而無法被接觸。故答案為D。（7）考查動詞辨析。句意：雖然餐館每年扔掉成噸的食物，但是很多食物因為垃圾桶，衛(wèi)生條例或者商業(yè)政策而無法被接觸。A. locked鎖；B. damaged損壞；C. connected聯(lián)系；D. abandoned遺棄。根據(jù)本句中的inaccessible（難以達到的）可知，垃圾桶應(yīng)該是被鎖住了，故答案為A。（8）考查動詞辨析。句意：只有十分之一的地方才會將被丟棄的食物給他。A. bought買；B. offered提供；C. ordered命令；D. sold賣。廢棄的食物被提供，不能買賣，故答案為B。（9）考查名詞辨析。句意：由于法律的原因，大部分的餐館贈送廢棄的食物給他是違法的。A. reasons原因； B. rights權(quán)利；C. fees費用；D. aids援助；贈送廢棄食物是犯法的，這是法律的原因，故答案為A。（10）考查動詞短語辨析。句意：由于法律的原因，大部分的餐館贈送廢棄的食物給他是違法的。A. begging for乞討；B. giving away贈送； C. hiding藏；D. causing導(dǎo)致。根據(jù)后一句“一些人冒著丟工作的危險給我食物”可知“贈送”食物是不允許的，故答案為B。（11）考查動詞辨析。句意：有的人給我食物甚至冒著丟工作的危險。A. did做；B. kept保持；C. accepted接受；D. risked冒險。前文提到將廢棄的食物送人是違法的，所以可能會“丟工作”，故答案為D。（12）考查副詞辨析。句意：特別有趣的是不同城市對于 Dubanchet 的動機的態(tài)度。A. hardly幾乎不；B. usually通常； C. particularly特別地；D. merely僅僅。根據(jù)下文描述不同地方對 Dubanchet 的不同態(tài)度，可知這是非常有趣的。故答案為C。（13）考查形容詞辨析。句意：柏林是最容易的城市，而捷克的皮爾森小鎮(zhèn)是最難的。A. easiest最容易的；B. nearest最近的；C. biggest最大的；D. richest最富有的。根據(jù)下文的 while the most difficult 的對比可知與difficult相反，故答案為A。（14）考查動詞辨析。句意：在那里，找到食物之前他不得不向大概50個不同的商店或飯館請求。A. work工作；B. shout喊叫；C. ask問；要；D. jump跳。故答案為C。（15）考查名詞辨析。 句意：當(dāng)你考慮到從法國到波蘭騎車所需要的要求極高的運動量，這個挑戰(zhàn)愈發(fā)變得嚴(yán)肅。A. competition競爭；B. conversation對話；C. conflict沖突；D. challenge挑戰(zhàn)。根據(jù)上文在50個商店或餐館請求食物，這是挑戰(zhàn)，故答案為D。（16）考查形容詞辨析。句意：當(dāng)你考慮到從法國到波蘭騎車所需要的要求極高的運動量，這個挑戰(zhàn)愈發(fā)變得嚴(yán)肅。A. adequate充足的；B. rewarding值得的；C. demanding苛求的；要求極高的；D. suitable合適的； bike from France to Poland從法國騎車到波蘭，這是要求極高的 ， 故答案為C。（17）考查副詞辨析。句意：因為在所有的騎車之后我很累，需要能量補充，所以我不得不快點得到食物。A. again又；B. alone獨自；C. later后來；D. fast快。根據(jù)下文說after all the biking I am tired可知我不得不快點得到食物 。故答案為D。（18）考查名詞辨析。句意：因為在所有的騎車之后我很累，需要能量補充，所以我不得不快點得到食物。A. spirit精神；B. energy能量；C. time時間；D. effort努力。因為騎行后身體疲勞，需要補充能量，故答案為B。（19）考查名詞辨析。句意：我的胃是飽的還是空的？那是最重要的事情，而不是我正在吃什么。A. stomach胃；B. hand手；C. pocket口袋；D. basket籃子。根據(jù)下文說吃東西，可知此處是指胃飽還是空，故答案為A。（20）考查動詞辨析。句意：他的目標(biāo)是在七月中旬完成他的旅程。A. arrange安排；B. restart重新開始；C. report報道；D. finish完成。根據(jù)文章第二段 is biking across Europe 可知這段旅行還在進行，預(yù)計七月中旬完成，故答案為D?！军c評】這是一篇記敘文。答題前首先要讀懂全文，弄清文章要表達的思想，注意文中前后段落之間的關(guān)系。答題中，一定要認真分析，注意選項與上下文的關(guān)系，與前后單詞的關(guān)系。對于一 時沒有太大的把握的題可以放到最后再來完成，因為有時答案可以從下文內(nèi)容體現(xiàn)出來。答完后再通讀一篇文章，看看所選選項能不能是語句通順，語意連貫。2.【答案】 （1）C；（2）D；（3）B；（4）D；（5）B；（6）A；（7）B；（8）A；（9）B；（10）D；（11）C；（12）D；（13）C；（14）A；（15）D；（16）C；（17）A；（18）B；（19）A；（20）C； 【考點】記敘文，人物故事類 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了76歲的Paul Wilson八年來一直免費接送低收入的學(xué)生上學(xué)的感人事跡。（1）考查動詞。A. lixxxxnking“連接”；B. sending“寄送”； C. offering“提供”；D. distributing“分配”。根據(jù)第一段可知，Paul Wilson確保低收入的學(xué)生按時到達學(xué)校。由此可以推知，該句應(yīng)指：Wilson給那些學(xué)生提供免費的乘車服務(wù)。故選C。（2）考查動詞。A. donating“ 捐獻，捐贈”；B. lending“借出”；C. delivering“發(fā)表，投遞”；D. volunteering“自愿”。根據(jù)上文中的“free rides”可知，Wilson是主動自愿將自己的汽車提供給那些學(xué)生的。故選D。（3）考查動詞。A. paved“鋪設(shè)，安排”；B. covered“行走，覆蓋”；C. measured“”測量”；D. wandered “徘徊，漫步”。Wilson讓那些學(xué)生免費搭車，迄今他已經(jīng)行程64000英里。表示“行走一段路程”，應(yīng)用cover。故選B。（4）考查名詞。A. arguments“爭論”；B. interviews“接見，采訪”；C. negotiations“談判”；D. conversations“談話”。 Wilson在接送學(xué)生們上下學(xué)的過程中，和學(xué)生之間有愉快幽默的“談話，交談”，故選D。（5）考查動詞。A. met “遇見”；B. driven“駕車，開車”；C. addressed“從事，忙于，寫地址”；D. greeted“問候，迎接”。根據(jù)上文可知，Wilson每天接送那些學(xué)生，這些學(xué)生現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)成為了物理學(xué)家，教師，工程師等。該空應(yīng)該對應(yīng)上一句中的“he transports to and from school”， drive“駕車送（人）”。故選B。（6）考查副詞。A. even“甚至”；B. ever“永遠，曾經(jīng)”；C. once“一次，曾經(jīng)”；D. already“已經(jīng)”。這些學(xué)生將Wilson當(dāng)作他們的偶像和朋友，有的甚至稱他為“爺爺”。該空表示遞進，故選A。（7）考查動詞。A. earned“獲得”；B. received“收到”；C. assessed“評估”；D. demanded“要求”。根據(jù)后面的介詞from可以推知，Tina Stern從Wilson那兒獲得免費的乘車機會。故選B。（8）考查名詞。A .transportation“運輸，運送”；B. style“風(fēng)格，類型”；C. time“時間，次數(shù)”；D. communication“交流”。對Tina Stern來說，這些行程不僅僅只是免費的運送而已。transportation意為“運送”。故選A。（9）考查形容詞。A. forced“強迫的”；B. awkward“尷尬的，笨拙的”；C. ridiculous“可笑的”；D. suspicious “可疑的，懷疑的”。Tina說：“那不僅僅是坐車而已。你并不只是坐在那兒，陷入令人尷尬的沉默中，也不是戴著耳麥坐在那兒?！弊谲?yán)铮舜瞬唤徽?，只是沉默，這當(dāng)然是令人尷尬的。故選B。（10）考查動詞。A .selects“選擇”；B. recites“背誦”；C. guesses“猜測”；D. remembers“記住，記得”。每次坐車的時候，Wilson會問這些學(xué)生問題，然后記住答案。故選D。（11）考查動詞短語。A. act on“對起作用”；B. settle on“定居，決定”；C. check on“檢查，核實”；D. agree on“對取得一致意見”。在坐車的時候，Wilson會問這些學(xué)生問題