（浙江專用）2020高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)專題五層級二作文策略第一講靚化詞匯——學(xué)會運用高級表達(dá)教案.docx

第三板塊 書面表達(dá)書面表達(dá)是高考浙江卷的重要試題。本板塊精研真題，引領(lǐng)考向；高考真題感悟與模擬題演練相互加力，講解與練習(xí)環(huán)環(huán)相扣，幫助考生高效備考，輕松增分。年份考查點詞數(shù)考綱解讀2019.6第一節(jié)感謝信80左右浙江屬于高考綜合改革實驗省份，實行一年兩考。依據(jù)普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試英語科考試說明(高考綜合改革試驗省份試用第一版)可知，2016年10月份開始的浙江英語新高考與自主命題的浙江卷寫作部分發(fā)生了重大變化。其變化就是由原來的短文改錯和書面表達(dá)變成了應(yīng)用文寫作和讀后續(xù)寫或概要寫作兩篇作文。第一篇是應(yīng)用文寫作。此題型對于考生來說并不陌生，因為我們在平常的學(xué)習(xí)中經(jīng)常接觸到這方面的內(nèi)容。?？嫉膽?yīng)用文有：書信、日記、海報、倡議書、電子郵件、發(fā)言稿、感謝信、建議信、求職信、推薦信、自薦信、邀請信、申請書、通知、招聘、請假條、留言條、啟事、歡迎詞、歡送詞、告別詞和廣告等?？v觀近幾年的高考題，信件居多。第二篇是讀后續(xù)寫或概要寫作?？荚囌f明上明確表示：“兩種形式在不同考次不定期交替使用”。第二節(jié)概要寫作60左右2018.11第一節(jié)求助信80左右第二節(jié)概要寫作60左右2018.6第一節(jié)申請信80左右第二節(jié)讀后續(xù)寫150左右2017.11第一節(jié)邀請信80左右第二節(jié)讀后續(xù)寫150左右2017.6第一節(jié)邀請信80左右第二節(jié)讀后續(xù)寫150左右進入二輪復(fù)習(xí)，如果想讓作文在短時期內(nèi)有一個質(zhì)的飛躍，編者認(rèn)為，那只是一個美好的憧憬而已。寫作是一個人語言基本素養(yǎng)的流露，是綜合能力的顯現(xiàn)，非一朝一夕之功，但這并不等于寫作水平已定型，無提升空間。因為英語寫作的能力要求遠(yuǎn)低于漢語寫作的能力要求，如果針對自己的薄弱環(huán)節(jié)訓(xùn)練得當(dāng)、措施得力，是完全能夠在短期內(nèi)提升一個檔次的。層級一審題準(zhǔn)，表達(dá)清高考作文閱卷， 時間緊、任務(wù)重，一篇作文往往在一分鐘內(nèi)被判“生死”。要想贏得高分，首先要贏得閱卷老師的“印象分”。審題偏頗、錯誤百出的作文會讓閱卷老師大倒胃口，閱卷老師會毫不憐憫地將其打入低分冷宮。所以，寫作要想取得高分，先要把寫作基礎(chǔ)抓穩(wěn)。一、準(zhǔn)審題為寫作定好基調(diào)審題是寫作的前提，是一篇書面表達(dá)成功的關(guān)鍵所在。審題正確可以保證得到基本分，所以真正開始寫作前，必須花相當(dāng)一部分時間做寫前閱讀、思考等準(zhǔn)備工作，具體包含以下幾方面：審體裁根據(jù)情景提示首先要弄清寫何種體裁的文章審格式日記、便條、書信、通知等格式審結(jié)構(gòu)明確開頭、正文和結(jié)尾的主要內(nèi)容，定好段落審內(nèi)容弄清哪些是寫作重點，哪些要略寫，并注意內(nèi)容的連貫性審人稱和時態(tài)弄清書面表達(dá)要用何種人稱并根據(jù)材料確定短文的基本時態(tài) “提綱類作文”之審題典例(2019全國卷)假定你是校排球隊隊長李華。請寫封郵件告知你的隊友Chris球隊近期將參加比賽，內(nèi)容包括：1比賽信息；2賽前準(zhǔn)備；3表達(dá)期待。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。_審題提綱類作文的審題要點：要注意合理組織要點，將題干中的要點和所給提綱中的要點進行有機地結(jié)合，切記不要遺漏題干中的重要信息。分析體裁告知信人稱第一人稱為主時態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時和一般將來時結(jié)構(gòu)與內(nèi)容第一段告知隊友比賽信息第二段賽前準(zhǔn)備第三段表達(dá)期望參考范文Dear Chris，Are you excited about our coming volleyball game against Yucai Middle School next Friday? Here Id like to inform you of some detailed information so that you can make full preparations for it.First and foremost, the competition to be held in our school stadium will begin at 2 pm and last for roughly 3 hours. So significant is the game that it is required that everyone should present themselves punctually. Further, it is necessary for you to take a good rest, which will provide enough energy for you. To sum up, I wish you could live up to the expectations of our school. And I firmly believe hard work will pay off!Looking forward to our victory!Yours truly，Li Hua二、準(zhǔn)表達(dá)把內(nèi)容表達(dá)清楚寫作中一旦出現(xiàn)較多錯誤，會導(dǎo)致語意不清、表達(dá)不明，閱卷老師潛意識中會認(rèn)為該考生基本功較差、能力較弱，給閱卷老師留下這樣的印象，作文有可能要比想象中的低一檔。寫作中考生常犯兩類錯誤：一是慣性錯誤，就是考生在不經(jīng)意間習(xí)慣性犯的錯誤，這類錯誤不但常犯而且還是閱卷老師比較敏感的錯誤，一旦出現(xiàn)這類錯誤，往往會被“放大”；另一類就是由于使用高級表達(dá)而導(dǎo)致的錯誤。(一)慣性錯誤要避免1動詞類錯誤動詞的種類有很多，從不同角度可分為實義動詞、系動詞、助動詞和情態(tài)動詞，也可分為謂語動詞和非謂語動詞等。(1)實義動詞又可分為及物動詞和不及物動詞。寫作中常出現(xiàn)的錯誤有：及物動詞后加了介詞；不及物動詞后少了介詞。(2)系動詞be在寫作中非?；钴S，但要用好be動詞卻不是一件容易的事。常見錯誤有：不及物動詞用be動詞構(gòu)成了被動語態(tài)；該含有be動詞的句子出現(xiàn)遺漏be動詞的情況。(3)助動詞和情態(tài)動詞不能單獨作謂語，寫作中常見錯誤主要是倒裝句中少用了助動詞或情態(tài)動詞。(4)謂語動詞與非謂語動詞的誤用是考生最易出錯的地方。需注意：謂語動詞作謂語，包括時態(tài)、語態(tài)、主謂一致、虛擬語氣；非謂語動詞可作除謂語以外的其他成分。2并列連詞與從句引導(dǎo)詞類錯誤并列連詞與從句引導(dǎo)詞是考生容易出錯的地方，下面主要介紹常見的一些錯誤類型。(1)考生易受漢語干擾導(dǎo)致狀語從句中從屬連詞的重復(fù)使用。例如漢語中可以說“因為所以”和“雖然但是”，但在英語中用一個連詞即可表示，用了though/although，就不能再用but；用了because，就不能再用so，therefore等詞。(2)寫作中經(jīng)常用同位語從句給文章增添色彩，但是引導(dǎo)詞that的缺失卻令這種色彩暗淡了不少。(3)表語從句的一個易錯點是高級表達(dá)The reason why.was that.中that的誤用，考生容易誤用because。(4)非限制性定語從句中誤用that在作文中經(jīng)常會見到，用which表示人的狀況也是屢見不鮮。(二)高級表達(dá)中出現(xiàn)低級錯誤太遺憾在閱卷中，閱卷老師常為這樣一類卷搖頭嘆息，無論是從要點的呈現(xiàn)、表達(dá)的優(yōu)美還是銜接的順暢等方面來看該類卷都近乎完美，應(yīng)該給高分甚至滿分，但偏偏有幾處瑕疵給本應(yīng)完美的習(xí)作徒添了些許不和諧的音符，甚至有點刺眼，從而影響了閱卷老師的好心情。閱卷老師為了穩(wěn)妥起見，在閱卷中盡量避免爭議卷的出現(xiàn)，會“惋惜”地扣掉一些分?jǐn)?shù)。因“低級錯誤”而影響高級得分，豈不遺憾！層級二低檔作文如何升級為五檔作文，策略告訴你書面表達(dá)得分較低的學(xué)生的寫作特點：1.只使用簡單的詞或短語； 2.句式單一，單句較多； 3.缺乏承上啟下的詞語和句子； 4.不會使用從句； 5.不會正確運用謂語動詞或短語； 6.不會使用倒裝和強調(diào)句型。高考書面表達(dá)側(cè)重考查考生的語言運用能力，這就要求考生能夠正確運用高級的詞匯和語法結(jié)構(gòu)并能夠熟練運用句與句之間的連接成分以使行文流暢。因此， 平時的寫作訓(xùn)練中，要學(xué)會恰當(dāng)?shù)剡\用高級句式和過渡語，使文章“閃亮登場”。第一講靚化詞匯學(xué)會運用高級表達(dá)英語書面表達(dá)第五檔作文中提到：語法結(jié)構(gòu)或詞匯方面有些許錯誤，但為盡力使用較復(fù)雜結(jié)構(gòu)或較高級詞匯所致。換句話說，如果考生使用高級詞匯或句型，即使犯了少量或輕微的語言錯誤，也可不扣分，文章還是屬于最高檔次。因此，為了讓文章檔次高，首先要學(xué)會使用高級詞匯。高級詞匯的使用能夠給文章增添色彩和畫面感。它會大大提升文章的檔次，從而幫助考生獲得高分。要做到準(zhǔn)確使用高級詞匯，應(yīng)該注意以下幾個方面：一、使用亮點詞匯的4種策略“語”眾不同，避免人云亦云寫作時恰當(dāng)?shù)皿w地使用別人可能想不到的詞匯或表達(dá)，會給閱卷老師耳目一新的感覺。(2019北京卷書面表達(dá))Im very glad to know that youre coming to tour in China.Im more than delighted to know that youre coming to tour in China.(2019全國卷書面表達(dá))I hope you can consider my application and allow me to be a volunteer.I hope you can take my application into consideration and allow me to be a volunteer.(2019全國卷書面表達(dá))So I can serve as a volunteer to show the visitors around the gallery and I am sure that I am fit for the job. So I can serve as a volunteer to show the visitors around the gallery and I am convinced that I am qualified for the job. (2019全國卷書面表達(dá))As a result, enough preparation is urgently needed, including practice, nutrition and a perfect plan.As a consequence, adequate preparation is urgently needed, including practice, nutrition and a perfect plan.(2019天津卷書面表達(dá))I want to make my voice heard.I feel an urge to make my voice heard.Only when you do more reading and writing can you succeed in improving your English.Only when you do more reading and writing can you make it in improving your English.To our great joy, not only are our classes lively and appealing, but our school life is also rich and colorful.To our great joy, not only are our classes lively and attractive, but our school life is also rich and colorful.(2018全國卷書面表達(dá))Great changes have taken place in our school in the last few years. And the news came that a short film will be shown in our school.Our school has witnessed great changes in the last few years. And word came that a short film will be shown in our school.更新?lián)Q代，避免重復(fù)寫作時應(yīng)盡量避免重復(fù)使用相同的詞語，要用貼切多樣的詞語來展示自己的水平。用詞不同、表達(dá)方式迥異，也是高級用法。(2018天津卷書面表達(dá))On hearing the news, some of my classmates and I formed a group to take part in the competition. I know you once took part in a robotics competition and won the award, so you must have accumulated much experience in it.On hearing the news, some of my classmates and I formed a group to take part in the competition. I know you once participated in a robotics competition and won the award, so you must have accumulated much experience in it.(2018全國卷書面表達(dá))Moreover，we will build a new stadium and with the stadium built，a wide range of sports events are able to be held.Moreover，we will build a new stadium and with the stadium set up，a wide range of sports events are able to be held.(2017全國卷書面表達(dá))The team will hold many activities，some of which will appeal to you，including many matches.The team will hold a range of activities，some of which will appeal to you，including many matches.詞匯運用，短語優(yōu)先當(dāng)單詞和短語表示同一個意思時，優(yōu)先使用短語。恰當(dāng)使用短語，一方面能使文章更加生動，另一方面也能展示出學(xué)生扎實的語言功底。(2019全國卷書面表達(dá))Besides, I know English and I can express myself fluently and clearly, which helps me communicate with our distinguished guests efficiently.Moreover, I have a good command of English and I can express myself fluently and clearly, which helps me communicate with our distinguished guests efficiently.(2019全國卷書面表達(dá))For one thing, I know Chinese painting well, for my father is a Chinese painter.For one thing, I am quite familiar with Chinese painting, for my father is a Chinese painter.(2018天津卷書面表達(dá))We desperately need your help.We are desperately in need of your help.(2018北京卷書面表達(dá))Last week, we took the foreign students in our school to experience the authentic tea culture, which proved to be extremely rewarding.Last week, we took the foreign students in our school to experience the authentic tea culture, which turned out to be extremely rewarding.用高級詞匯取代簡單詞匯為了表現(xiàn)自己的語言功底，顯示出自己的寫作水平，應(yīng)避免反復(fù)使用低年級學(xué)過的簡單詞匯，盡量使用高中階段學(xué)到的詞匯來代替。(2018北京卷書面表達(dá))If you take my advice you are sure to have the most unforgettable experience during your college in Beijing.So long as you take my advice you are bound to have the most unforgettable experience during your college in Beijing.(2017天津卷書面表達(dá))Second，I am trying my best to acquire the essential knowledge and skills concerning my position.Second，I am sparing no effort to acquire the essential knowledge and skills concerning my position.(全國卷書面表達(dá))I should say sorry for being unable to go to the bookstore with you on Friday afternoon.I should make an apology for being unable to go to the bookstore with you on Friday afternoon.二、寫作的秘密武器24個高級詞匯名詞普通詞匯高級詞匯普通詞匯高級詞匯chanceopportunitychoicealternativeideaopinionpeopleindividualresultconsequenceeffectinfluence動詞havepossessreplacesubstitutebearput up withunderstandmake sense ofdeveloppromoteconsidertake into account形容詞enoughadequaterichabundantproperappropriateimportantvital/ significantinterestingabsorbing/ appealingdifficultchallenging副詞finallyeventuallyhardlybarelyimmediatelyin a flashnowadayscurrently連詞sothereforeandas well as(2017全國卷書面表達(dá))It is of importance for you to understand the content，Tang poetry.It is of importance for you to make sense of the content，Tang poetry.It is of importance for you to be aware of the content，Tang poetry.(2017北京卷書面表達(dá))Thats why I think the trip along the Yangtze River will be a better choice.Thats why I think the trip along the Yangtze River will be a better alternative.In the coming three years，our school life will be difficult.In the coming three years，our school life will be challenging.三、寫作的頂級裝備27個加分詞匯表達(dá)關(guān)注的名詞attention, focus, concern表達(dá)爭論的名詞discussion, debate, argument表達(dá)現(xiàn)象的名詞phenomenon表達(dá)優(yōu)缺點的名詞advantage, disadvantage, strength, weakness表達(dá)增長或下降的動詞increase, accumulate, decrease, decline表達(dá)導(dǎo)致后果的動詞短語result in, lead to, bring about, contribute to, give rise to表達(dá)支持、反對的動詞短語approve of, be in favor of, object to表達(dá)可能性的形容詞likely表達(dá)有好處的形容詞beneficial表達(dá)強調(diào)的副詞particularly, especiallyThe picture shows a common phenomenon these days.這幅圖顯示了這些日子的一個常見現(xiàn)象。The Internet has brought about many changes in the workplace.網(wǎng)絡(luò)給工作場所帶來了很多變化。Our teacher is likely to get angry when she sees the dirty floor.我們的老師看到地面這么臟時，可能會發(fā)火。 請用高級詞匯替換下列句子中的加黑部分1(2019全國卷書面表達(dá))Now I will inform you of some detailed information to help you fully prepare for it.答案：make_full_preparations_for2(2019全國卷書面表達(dá))You are welcome to give performances too.答案：as_well3(2018天津卷書面表達(dá))We were so interested in the competition that we formed a group to take part in it.答案：keen_on4(2018全國卷書面表達(dá))Im very glad to learn that you are coming in September.答案：more_than5(2017全國卷書面表達(dá))So，please spend some time taking a brief look at the history of the Tang Dynasty，which will help you prepare for your class.答案：Therefore;_make_preparations_for6(2017全國卷書面表達(dá))In order to get a better understanding of Tang poetry，I advise you to learn some brief history of the Tang Dynasty in advance.答案：acquire7(2017全國卷書面表達(dá))The craftsmen will show visitors how to cut paper into different shapes on the spot.答案：various/a_range_of8(2017天津卷書面表達(dá))Firstly，the final exam of this term is coming so I am busy preparing for it.答案：To_begin_with;_around_the_corner 9(全國卷書面表達(dá))My job application form and personal resume have been prepared and I sincerely hope you can help me correct them.答案：polish10The teacher directed the gifted students towards the more difficult courses. 答案：challenging 習(xí)作升級練習(xí)假定你是李華，你想邀請你的朋友John在周六晚上去看科幻電影The Wandering Earth，請用英語給他寫一封郵件，內(nèi)容包括：1發(fā)出邀請；2介紹電影(主題：保護人類共同的地球家園；觀眾評價等)；3請求回復(fù)。注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右；2可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。_考生作文Dear John，I know that you are interested in science fiction, so Id like to invite you to see a film this weekend.The Wandering Earth is being shown these days. Its purpose is to save the earth and protect our common home. Viewers describe it as a breakthrough of the Chinese film