Chapter 16英國(guó)文學(xué).ppt

Chapter16VictorianPoetry Tennyson Browning Arnold What sthedifferencebetweenRomanticpoetryandVictorianpoetry Discussthequestionfromthefollowingtwoaspects Theliterarystatus comparedwithothercontemporaryliterarytypes Thetaste whattheyvaluemost What sthedifferencebetweenRomanticpoetryandVictorianpoetry Theliterarystatus Thesocalled RomanticPeriod 1798 1832 wasdominatedbyromanticpoetry WhereastheVictorianperiodwasonefortheprose esp thenovel Astopoetry itwasnolongeramajorartintendedtochangetheworld asthatofByronandShelley howeveritsachievementisnotnegligible Thetaste whattheyvaluedmost TheVictorianpoetsrarelyreachedtheprofoundsignificanceandemotionalintensityachievedbytheromanticpoets TheVictoriansvaluedmainly applied poetry asagainst pure or absolute poetry appliedinthesenseofbeingusefulincalculatingmorallessons orenforcingestablishedvaluesandtastes orsimplyasameansofdiversionandentertainment HencetheVictorianpoetsmanagedtospeakbothinapublicandaprivatevoicetomeetboththeneedoftheaudienceandthatoftheirownvisions AquizaboutTennyson slifeandcareer 1 wasthemostimportantpoetoftheVictorianAge AlfredTennyson 1809 1892 2 Alfred syouthfulherowas Byron3 In1828TennysonwenttoCambridge wherehejoinedthe Apostles agroupofgiftedmiddle classstudentsheadedbyArthurHenry hisbestfriendandthefianc ofhissister whodiedyoungin1833andwasmournedbyAlfredeverysooften Hallam AquizaboutTennyson slifeandcareer 4 Thefirstbookin1827bearingAlfred sownname incurredseverecriticismbutwasrewrittenandrepublishedin1842andestablishedhispositionasapoet Poems ChieflyLyrical5 waswrittenbyTennysoninmemoryofA H Hallam InMemorian acollectionofelegies AquizaboutTennyson slifeandcareer 6 and areregardedasTennyson srepresentativeworks InMemorian TheIdyllsoftheKing 國(guó)王敘事詩 亞瑟王傳奇 AnEnglishepicbuiltuponthelegendsofKingArthurandhisroundtableknights 7 In1850 AlfredTennysonwasappointed insuccessiontotheromanticpoet PoetLaureate WilliamWordsworth AquizaboutTennyson slifeandcareer 8 Tennyson sothertwolongpoemsareThePrincessandMaud ThePrincess 1847 isamixtureof storiesand middle classmorality showingtheauthor sviewonthepositionofwomen medieval modernMaud 1855 isamonodrama tellingthestoryofaloverwhopassesfrominsanitytorecovery AppreciationandscansionofAlfred sCrossingtheBar ListentothechoralversionofCrossingtheBarwiththefollowingquestions Whatcanyoufeelaboutthetoneandthemoodofthepoet Theimagesandthemetaphoricalmeanings Thecharacteristicsoftheform thestanzas therhymescheme thelengthoflines 1 ListentothesongCrossingtheBar 2 Whatcanyoufeelaboutthetoneandthemoodofthepoet Tennysonwroteitashisownelegy andthepoemhasatoneoffinalityaboutit Sadyetserene thepoetdoesnotfeardeathbutacceptitcalmly 憂傷卻平和 不畏懼死亡 坦然接受的心情 Theimagesandthemetaphoricalmeanings Sunsetandeveningstar Andoneclearcallforme Andmaytherebenomoaningofthebar WhenIputouttosea Butsuchatideasmovingseemsasleep Toofullforsoundandfoam WhenthatwhichdrewfromouttheboundlessdeepTurnsagainhome theextendedmetaphor Twilightandeveningbell Andafterthatthedark Andmaytherebenosadnessoffarewell WhenIembark ForthoughfromoutourbourneofTimeandPlaceThefloodmaybearmefar IhopetoseemyPilotfacetofaceWhenIhavecrossedthebar Theimagesandthemetaphoricalmeanings Itcompareslifeanddeathtobeingonthesea Theextendedmetaphorcomparesdeathtocrossingthe sandbar betweentheharbouroflifeandtheoceanofdeath ThePilotisametaphorforGod Thespeakerhopesthathewillbeabletoresideinheavenwithhiscreator Tennysonexplained ThePilothasbeenonboardallthewhile butinthedarkIhavenotseenhim Heis thatDivineandUnseenWhoisalwaysguidingus Thecharacteristicsoftheform Therhymescheme atraditionalababrhymescheme Thestanzasandthelengthoflines Thepoemcontainsfourstanzasthatgenerallyalternatebetweenlongandshortlines Theformofthepoemfollowsthecontent Thewavelikequalityofthelong then shortlinesparallelsthenarrativethreadofthepoem SeetheChineseversion 夕陽下 閃疏星 召喚一聲清朗 愿沙渚寧靜 我將出海遠(yuǎn)航 潮汐如夢(mèng)幻 濤聲似止 浪花息 大海深處涌來 又悄然退卻 暮靄鐘鳴 黑夜將籠罩 愿訣別無悲聲 登舟起錨 千古洪流 時(shí)空無限 滔滔載我至遠(yuǎn)方 渡沙渚一線 泰然見領(lǐng)航 AppreciationandscansionofAlfred sBreak Break Break ListentothepoemreadingofBreak Break Breakwiththefollowingquestions Whatcanyoufeelaboutthetoneandthemoodofthepoet Thelayersofthemeaningofthefirstline Rhymeschemeandmeter Theexamplesoffiguresofspeechandotherrhetoricaldevices Break break break Onthycoldgraystones OSea AndIwouldthatmytonguecouldutterThethoughtsthatariseinme O wellforthefisherman sboy Thatheshoutswithhissisteratplay O wellforthesailorlad Thathesingsinhisboatonthebay AndthestatelyshipsgoonTotheirhavenunderthehill ButOforthetouchofavanishedhand Andthesoundofavoicethatisstill Break break break Atthefootofthycrags OSea ButthetendergraceofadaythatisdeadWillnevercomebacktome AppreciationandscansionofAlfred sBreak Break Break Whatcanyoufeelaboutthetoneandthemoodofthepoet ItcentersonTennyson sgriefoverthedeathofhisbestfriend ArthurHallam afellowpoet Thevariedmeaningsofthefirstline Bythetechniqueoftraditionaldelineation白描 itportraysthethricerepeatedbreak splashofwaves Onthycoldgraystones Anditcanbeseenastheimitationofthesoundmadebywavessplashingonthecliffs Onomatopoeia Itportraystheconstantbreaking sufferingofahumanheartintheagonyofmourning Theseacrashingupontherocksreflectstheturmoilofemotionswhenfacedwithsomegreatloss Itdescribestheinabilityofthetongue todescribethispainofloss Rhymeschemeandmeter Lines2and4ofeachstanzahaveendrhyme Themetervaries buttheanapesticfootcreatesthemusicality asinthefollowinglines iamb anapest anapest iambButO fortheTOUCH ofaVAN ishedHAND anapest anapest anapest AndtheSOUND ofaVOICE thatisSTILL Figuresofspeechandotherrhetoricaldevices Apostrophe Lines1and2 Thenarratoraddressesthesea PersonificationandmetaphoralsooccurinLines1and2 forthepoetregardstheseaasahumanbeing Repetend Line13repeatsLine1 Line7repeatsthefirsttwowordsofLine5 Paradox Touchofavanishedhand Line11 soundofavoicethatisstill Line12 Figuresofspeechandotherrhetoricaldevices Alliteration Line8 boatonthebay Lines9 12 AndthestatelyshipsgoonTotheirhavenunderthehill ButOforthetouchofavanishedhand Andthesoundofavoicethatisstill Line15 daythatisdead Figuresofspeechandotherrhetoricaldevices Stanza2 Line6 8 contrastsstanza1 3 4servingasafoiltothegriefofthepoet Thatheshoutswithhissisteratplay Thathesingsinhisboatonthebay ButOforthetouchofavanishedhand Andthesoundofavoicethatisstill ButthetendergraceofadaythatisdeadWillnevercomebacktome Content VictorianPoetry RomanticPoetryThemainpoet TennysonAppreciationofthePoems CrossingtheBar Break Break Break Difference TheLiteraryStatus TheTaste VictorianPoetry RomanticPoetry RomanticPeriod VictorianPeriod Dominatedbypoetry Poetry notamajorart butnotnegligible Mainlyforprose esp novel TheLiteraryStatus Taste RomanticPoets VictorianPoets Theprofoundsignificanceemotionalintensity Appliedpoetry against pure poetry speakinapublic aprivatevoice QuestionsWhowasthemostimportantpoetoftheVictorianAge AlfredTennysonWhowasAlfred syouthfulhero ByronWhowasTennyson sbestfriendmournedbyhiminInMemorian HallamIn1828TennysonwenttoCambridgewherehejoinedthe Apostles agroupofgiftedmiddle classstudentsheadedbyArthurHenryHallam hisbestfriendandthefianc ofhissister whodiedyoungin1833WhatwasTennyson sfirstbookbearinghisownname Poems ChieflyLyrical WhatareregardedasTennyson srepresentativeworks InMemoriam TheIdyllsoftheKing AnEnglishepicbuiltuponthelegendsofKingArthurandhisroundtableknights WhatwasTennysonappointedin1850insuccessiontotheromanticpoetWilliamWordsworth PoetLaureateWhatareTennyson sothertwolongpoems ThePrincess 1847 isamixtureofmedievalstoriesandmodernmiddle classmorality Showingtheauthor sviewonthepositionofwomen Maud 1855 isamonodrama tellingthestoryofaloverwhopassesfrominsanitytorecovery AppreciationandscansionofAlfred sCrossingtheBar ListentothechoralversionofCrossingtheBarwiththefollowingquestions Whatcanyoufeelaboutthetoneandthemoodofthepoet Theimagesandthemetaphoricalmeanings Thecharacteristicsoftheform thestanzas therhymescheme thelengthoflines Whatcanyoufeelaboutthetoneandthemoodofthepoet Tennysonwroteitashisownelegy andthepoemhasatoneoffinalityaboutit Sadyetserene thepoetdoesnotfeardeathbutacceptitcalmly 憂傷卻平和 不畏懼死亡 坦然接受的心情 Theimagesandthemetaphoricalmeanings Sunsetandeveningstar Andoneclearcallforme Andmaytherebenomoaningofthebar WhenIputouttosea Butsuchatideasmovingseemsasleep Toofullforsoundandfoam WhenthatwhichdrewfromouttheboundlessdeepTurnsagainhome Twilightandeveningbell Andafterthatthedark Andmaytherebenosadnessoffarewell WhenIembark ForthoughfromoutourbourneofTimeandPlaceThefloodmaybearmefar IhopetoseemyPilotfacetofaceWhenIhavecrossedthebar Theimagesandthemetaphoricalmeanings Whatarelifeanddeathcomparedto WhatisthePilotcomparedto Whatdoesthetitle crossingthebar mean beingonthesea Theextendedmetaphorcomparesdeathtocrossingthe sandbar betweentheharbouroflifeandtheoceanofdeath God ThepoethopesThathewillbeabletoresideinheavenwithhiscreator who hasbeenonboardallthewhile butinthedarkIhavenotseenhim Heis thatDivineandUnseenWhoisalwaysguidingus Literally thesandbarMetaphorically thebarrierbetweentheearthlyworldandheaven whichisalsousedinDanteGabrielRossetti sgriefoverhiswife sdeathTheBlessedDamozel Theblesseddamozelleanedout FromthegoldbarofHeaven Hereyesweredeeperthanthedepth Ofwatersstilledateven Shehadthreeliliesinherhand Andthestarsinherhairwereseven Theslogan ofAestheticmovement Thecharacteristicsoftheform Therhymescheme atraditionalababThestanzasandthelengthoflines fourstanzasthatgenerallyalternatebetweenlongandshortlinesDoestheformfollowthecontent SeetheChineseversion Thewavelikequalityofthelong then shortlinesparallelsthenarrativethreadofthepoem 夕陽下 閃疏星 召喚一聲清朗 愿沙渚寧靜 我將出海遠(yuǎn)航 潮汐如夢(mèng)幻 濤聲似止 浪花息 大海深處涌來 又悄然退卻 暮靄鐘鳴 黑夜將籠罩 愿訣別無悲聲 登舟起錨 千古洪流 時(shí)空無限 滔滔載我至遠(yuǎn)方 渡沙渚一線 泰然見領(lǐng)航 AppreciationandscansionofAlfred sBreak Break Break ListentothepoemreadingofBreak Break Breakwiththefollowingquestions Whatisthetoneandthemoodofthepoet Thelayersofthemeaningofthefirstline Rhymeschemeandmeter Theexamplesoffiguresofspeechandotherrhetoricaldevices Break break break Onthycoldgraystones OSea AndIwouldthatmytonguecouldutterThethoughtsthatariseinme O wellforthefisherman sboy Thatheshoutswithhissisteratplay O wellforthesailorlad Thathesingsinhisboatonthebay AndthestatelyshipsgoonTotheirhavenunderthehill ButOforthetouchofavanishedhand Andthesoundofavoicethatisstill Break break break Atthefootofthycrags OSea ButthetendergraceofadaythatisdeadWillnevercomebacktome Whatcanyoufeelaboutthetoneandthemoodofthepoet ItcentersonTennyson sgriefoverthedeathofhisbestfriend ArthurHenryHallam afellowpoet Thevariedmeaningsofthefirstline Bythetechniqueoftraditionaldelineation白描 itportraysthethricerepeatedbreak splashofwaves Onthycoldgraystones Anditcanbeseenastheimitationofthesoundmadebywavessplashingonthecliffs Onomatopoeia Itportraystheconstantbreakin