一般過去時與過去進(jìn)行時的區(qū)分.doc

一般過去時與過去進(jìn)行時的區(qū)分 一一般過去時敘述舊事，過去進(jìn)行時描述背景。 、一般過去時 ）敘述過去狀態(tài)、動作或事件 He went to Beijing the other day.（帶具體時間） ）表示過去的習(xí)慣 a) would , used to與過去時 would 表間斷性不規(guī)則的習(xí)慣，常帶頻率時間 used to 表一貫性有規(guī)律的習(xí)慣。可譯為“曾經(jīng)，過去”等。 They used to meet and would sometimes exchange one or two words. He smoked a lot two years ago. （過去行為） b) Would 用于文中不用于句首，只表過去習(xí)慣。 used to 表今昔對比的含義，敘述習(xí)慣動作可與would 換用。 When he was a boy , he would often go there . （敘述過去） She isnt what she used to be. (今昔對比) c) 表示狀態(tài)時一般只用used to Tom used to be fat / There used to stand a tree there. (狀態(tài)) 湯姆曾經(jīng)是胖的 / 從前那里站有一棵樹。d) was (were) used to + ving表示“合適于，適應(yīng)于.” He used to work at night . (“習(xí)慣”表經(jīng)常) 他經(jīng)常在夜間工作。 He was used to working at night. (“習(xí)慣”表適應(yīng)) 他過去習(xí)慣于夜間工作。）表示過去的經(jīng)歷，平行動作，依此事件用一般過去時。 He sat there and listened to the radio.(依此發(fā)生) ）表示客氣委婉的語氣，用于情態(tài)動詞，助動詞和want , wonder , hope 等 How did you like the film? / Could you help me? B. 過去進(jìn)行時 表示在過去某階段或某一時刻正在發(fā)生 What were you doing at 8:30 last night? (過去某時刻正在發(fā)生) 短暫性動詞用過去進(jìn)行時表示按計劃、打算 During that time he was going with us. (表示打算) 與always ,often ,usually 等連用表喜愛，討厭等感情色彩。 He was always Changing his mind. 二、過去進(jìn)行時與一般過去時的區(qū)別 A. 進(jìn)行時表某一行為的“片斷”一般時表示行為的“整體”和存在的狀態(tài)。 I was reading the book at that time. (未讀完，“讀”的片段) I read the book yesterday. (已讀完，表整個“讀”) B、一般持續(xù)時間狀語多與進(jìn)行時連用 It was raining all night.(優(yōu)先用was raining ,rained 為持續(xù)動詞，故也可使用) He was writing a letter the whole of afternoon. (短暫動詞與持續(xù)時間連用，表反復(fù)，連續(xù)發(fā)生，不可用一般過去時) C、while 時間狀語從句中用短暫動詞時只能用進(jìn)行時。 例：He broke a chair while he was jumping up and down. D、While 所在主從句動作大致持續(xù)相等時主從句一般都用進(jìn)行時，但若是持續(xù)動詞可都用一般過去時，兩個動作一長一短時短的用一般時，長的用進(jìn)行時。 I was cooking the dinner while he was playing the piano.(平行) I cooked the dinner while he played the piano. I saw him while I was walking to the station. 三、英語中有四類動詞一般不用進(jìn)行時（不用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時和過去進(jìn)行時）。1)表心理狀態(tài)、情感的動詞，如love ,hate ,like ,care ,respect ,please ,prefer ,know 等，若用進(jìn)行時則詞意改變。 Im forgetting it . (=beginning to forget ) 2)表存在、狀態(tài)的動詞，如appear ,exist ,lie ,remain ,stand ,seem等 3)表感覺的動詞，如see ,hear ,feel ,smell ,sound ,taste等. 4)表一時性的動詞，如accept ,allow ,admit ,decide ,end ,refuse ,permit ,promise等。 示例 考題1 As she _the newspaper ,Granny _ asleep . A. read /was falling B .was reading /fell C. Was reading /was falling D. read/fell 分析 時間從句的動作長，而“入睡”動作短，故前者用過去進(jìn)行時，而較短動詞用一般過去時，選B 考題2 Tom _ into the house when no one _ . A. slipped / was looking B. Had slipped / looked C. slipped / had looked D. was slipping / looked 分析 此題先要理解好when ，表“此時”，說明主句中slipped是較短行為，而look是較長行為的片斷，即湯姆溜進(jìn)房子，此時沒人瞧見，故選A為正確。 訓(xùn)練 1. Is Smith in America ? -Yes, he _ in China for there years. A. lives B. has lived C. lived D. was living 2. The method he had stuck -_ right . A. to prove B. to proved C. to be proved D. were proved 3. Why didnt Miss Green go there ? -She would have gone there expect _ enough time. A. she had B. she had had C. she didnt have D. she would have 4. Am didnt see me wave to her , she _ in other direction. A. looked B. was looking C. has looked D. is looking 5. Tom burnt his hand when he _ the dinner. A. cooked B. was cooking C. has been cooking D. had cooked 6. Mary _ a dress when she cut he rfinger. A. made B. is making C. was making D. had made 1.B (想想這是什么語態(tài)？)2.D (過去式+被動態(tài))3.B (she had had為什么兩個had? 過去完成式+have的過去分詞)4.B (這個句子最易理解過去進(jìn)行時!)5.B (這個句子很有意思？仔細(xì)想想說得什么？)6.C。一、 仿照例句用所給的詞匯造句。1. I, see him, he, cross the streetI saw him while he was crossing the street. (He was crossing the street when I saw him.)A. the sun, shine, we, come outB. she, study at college, the war, break outC. she, work in a factory, the city, be liberated (解放)D. he, lose his pen, he, go sightseeing in the city2. I, do my homework, last nightI was doing my homework last night.A. they, have a dress rehearsal, yesterday eveningB. my grandma, visit my family, half an hour agoC. I, travel in the south, at this time last yearD. they, build a power station, at that time3. she, not at home that evening, she, look after her sick child in hospitalShe wasnt at home that evening. She was looking after her sick child in hospital.A. it, rather chilly yesterday, the sun, not shineB. she, ill that day, she, suffer from a severe headacheC. I, not say anything, but a struggle (斗爭), go on in my mindD. We, be rather busy then, we, make preparation for the journey4. war, go on, during all those yearsWar was going on during all those years.A. a cold rain, drizzle down, all day yesterdayB. the whole night, the wind, howl like madC. in all those days, they, struggle heroically against the fascists (法西斯主義者)D. for three weeks, our forces, push forward at a great speed二、 用動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. While we _ (wait) for the bus, a girl _ (run) up to us.2. I _ (telephone) a friend when Bob _ (come) in.3. Jim _ (jump) on the bus as it _ (move) away.4. We _ (test) the new machine when the electricity _ (go) off.5. She _ (not want) to stay in bed while the others _ (all, work) in the fields.6. While mother _ (put) Cathy to bed, the door bell _ (ring).7. As I _ (walk) in the park, it _ (begin) to rain.8. Even when she _ (be) a child she _ (already, think) of becoming a ballerina (芭蕾舞演員).9. It was quite late at night. George _ (read) and Amy _ (ply) her needle when they _ (hear) a knock at the door.10. There _ (be) a group round the fire when they _ (reach) it. An old woman _ (sit) on the ground near the kettle; two small children _ (lie) near her; a donkey _ (bend) his head over a tall girl.答案:一. 1. A. The sun was shining when we came out. (While sun was shining, we came out.) B. She was studying at college when the was broke out. (While she was studying at college, the was broke out.) C. She was working in a factory when the city was liberated. (While she was working in a factory, the city was liberated.) D. He lost his pen while he was going sightseeing in the city. (When he lost his pen, he was going sightseeing in the city.) 2. A. They were having a dress rehearsal yesterday evening. B. My grandma was visiting my family half an hour ago. C. I was traveling in the south at this time last year. D. They were building a power station at that time. 3. A. It was rather chilly yesterday. The sun was not shining. B. She was ill that day. She was suffering from a severe h