黑龍江省哈爾濱市第六中學(xué)2018_2019學(xué)年高一英語(yǔ)下學(xué)期期末考試試題（含解析）.docx

黑龍江省哈爾濱市第六中學(xué)2018-2019學(xué)年高一英語(yǔ)下學(xué)期期末考試試題（含解析）閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，每題2分，滿分40分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。第一節(jié)（每小題 2 分，滿分 30 分）AFour books that will inspire you to travel the worldTheres truly nothing like travel when it comes to gaining perspectives and exposing yourself to other cultures. To get you in the adventuring mood, we asked Amazon Senior Editor Chris Schlep to help you come up with a list of books that transport readers to another time and place. Below, see his list of four books that will inspire you to travel the world.ITALY: Beautiful Ruins by Jess WalterThis book by the popular author Jess Walter is a love story that begins on the Italian Coast in the early 60s and eventually concludes in contemporary Hollywoods screen. As the settings shift from Italy to Edinburgh and Los Angeles, you will find yourself longing to go as well. Buy it on Amazon. Price: $28.90SEATTLE: Whered You Go, Bernadette by Maria SempleMaria Semples first novel is not exactly a love story in Seattle, but if you read it, you just might want to come here to see if people are really as selfinvolved as the characters in her book. What really shines through is the strange storytelling and the laughs. Buy it on Amazon. Price: $26.60ENGLAND: Wolf Hall by Hilary MantelYou cant travel to Thomas Cromwells England without a time machine, but reading Mantels prizewinning novel is the next best thing. It will make you long to see the ancient buildings and green grass of the English countryside, most of which are still there. Buy it on Amazon. Price: $25.10NANTUCKET: Heres to Us by Elin HilderbrandElin Hilderbrand has built a writing career out of writing about her hometown island of Nantucket. Her latest book is Heres to Us, which, perhaps not surprisingly, is a great beach book. Buy it on Amazon. Price: $30.801. Which book has been produced into a film according to the text?A. Heres to UsB. Wolf Hall.C. Beautiful Ruins.D. Whered You Go, Bernadette.2. What is the feature of the Whered You Go, Bernadette?A. Its low price.B. Its characters.C. Its content about love.D. Its storytelling and laughs.3. Why is Heres to Us suitable for reading on the beach?A. Because its about the authors hometown island.B. Because it needs a time machine.C. Because its about ancient buildings.D. Because it exposes yourself to other cultures.【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A【解析】【分析】本篇文章主要向我們介紹了四本書(shū)，書(shū)籍由亞馬遜網(wǎng)的高級(jí)編輯推薦，可以更好地讓我們了解世界，開(kāi)闊眼界?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)ITALY: Beautiful Ruins by Jess Walter中This book by the popular author Jess Walter is a love story that begins on the Italian Coast in the early 60s and eventually concludes in contemporary Hollywoods screen.“這本書(shū)由暢銷書(shū)作家杰西沃爾特(Jess Walter)所著，講述的是一個(gè)愛(ài)情故事，開(kāi)始于60年代初的意大利海岸，最終在當(dāng)代好萊塢的銀幕上畫(huà)上句號(hào)。”由此可知，根據(jù)課文，Beautiful Ruins被拍成了電影。故選C。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)SEATTLE: Whered You Go, Bernadette by Maria Semple中What really shines through is the strange storytelling and the laughs.“真正引人注目的是奇怪的故事和笑聲。”可知，the Whered You Go, Bernadette真正引人注目的是奇怪的故事和笑聲。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)NANTUCKET: Heres to Us by Elin Hilderbrand中Elin Hilderbrand has built a writing career out of writing about her hometown island of Nantucket. Her latest book is Heres to Us, which, perhaps not surprisingly, is a great beach book.“艾琳希爾德布蘭德(Elin Hilderbrand)的寫(xiě)作生涯始于對(duì)家鄉(xiāng)南塔開(kāi)特島(Nantucket)的描寫(xiě)。她的新書(shū)是Heres to Us，這也許并不奇怪，是一本很棒的沙灘書(shū)?！笨芍琀eres to Us適合在沙灘上讀書(shū)是因?yàn)檫@是關(guān)于作者家鄉(xiāng)的島嶼。故選A?！军c(diǎn)睛】在細(xì)節(jié)考查題中有一類事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題 。該題屬于細(xì)節(jié)類型的閱讀理解題，一般只針對(duì)某個(gè)特定的細(xì)節(jié)，題型可以多種多樣。此類題型一般分兩種。第一種是直接理解題，在原文中可以直接找到答案。第二種是詞義轉(zhuǎn)換題，正確選項(xiàng)是原文有關(guān)詞語(yǔ)和句子的轉(zhuǎn)換。做此類試題一定要抓住事件發(fā)生的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物、發(fā)展過(guò)程和結(jié)局等環(huán)節(jié)，所選答案一定要符合原文，切不可望文生義。本題第2小題，根據(jù)SEATTLE: Whered You Go, Bernadette by Maria Semple中What really shines through is the strange storytelling and the laughs.“真正引人注目的是奇怪的故事和笑聲?！笨芍?，the Whered You Go, Bernadette真正引人注目的是奇怪的故事和笑聲。故選D。BI was 16 when my father finally decided he would send me to wilderness camp for several months. He had threatened to do it many times before, but my mother had always managed to prevent him from doing so. This time he insisted on doing it.The latest incident was the last straw. Impulsively (沖動(dòng)地), I had pushed Mr. Ford, my math teacher, down a flight of steps at school. He broke his arm in two places. Anyway, he had agreed not to accuse me as a favor to my dad, who was in the middle of a tight race for sheriff (執(zhí)法官) in our town. But my reckless behavior had my dads closest advisor talking.John, hes your son and hes a kid, but he is dragging you down, I heard Jake Hutch tell my dad through his closed office door the night after I pushed Mr. Ford. If you cant make your son obey the rules, how can you make the law obeyed in this town?So, off to Pisgah National Forest I went. I imagined hours of untold abuse at the hands of some strong sergeants (軍士). I was determined not to be broken. I was who I was,Nearly every day for six months, a small group of other troubled teens and I carried our 30-pound backpacks on a difficult journey covering about 10 miles. We hiked in a rough wilderness that seemed untouched by civilization.Our sergeants were firm but kind, not frightening as I had imagined. We learned how to make a fire without matches and create a shelter with branches and grass. We learned which plants were safe to eat out in the wild. I felt myself change. I was calm and often reflective. My old, impulsive self was gone.One morning, six months later, my dad came to pick me up. I ran to hug him and saw happiness and love in his eyes.So whats it like being sheriff?. I asked on the ride home.I lost the race, Danny, he said.Im sorry, Dad. I knew my behavior probably had a lot to do with the defeat.Dad squeezed my shoulder and brought me close. As long as I dont ever lose you, Im okay.4. The author was finally sent to wilderness because _.A. he could learn how to survive in the wildB. his teacher insisted on giving him a lessonC. he pushed his math teacher down the stairsD. his mother feared that he would be accused5. The underlined word reckless in Paragraph 2 probably means _.A. selfishB. carelessC. rudeD. reasonable6. What can we learn about the author from the passage?A. He changed a lot after the camp.B. He was not satisfied with his life in the camp.C. He was still what he used to be after the camp.D. He made enemies with other troubled teens at the camp.7. How did the authors father feel at the end of the story?A. Anxious.B. Annoyed.C. Disappointed.D. Relieved.【答案】4. C 5. C 6. A 7. D【解析】本文是記敘文。文章講述了作者在學(xué)校非常沖動(dòng)地把數(shù)學(xué)老師推下臺(tái)階，作者被迫被父親送去野營(yíng)訓(xùn)練。雖然因?yàn)樽髡叩氖拢赣H失去競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的機(jī)會(huì)，但父親對(duì)于兒子的改變非常的欣慰，只要不失去兒子，一切沒(méi)有問(wèn)題?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段提到Impulsively(沖動(dòng)地), I had pushed Mr. Ford, my math teacher, down a flight of steps at school.可知，作者沖動(dòng)地把數(shù)學(xué)老師推下樓，故被送到野營(yíng)地，因此選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段提到作者把數(shù)學(xué)老師推下樓傷到胳膊，作者的粗魯?shù)男袨樽屪髡吒赣H的最親密的顧問(wèn)在不停的說(shuō)服父親，故reckless意為“粗魯?shù)摹?。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段提到I felt myself change. I was calm and often reflective. My old, impulsive self was gone.可知，野營(yíng)結(jié)束之后，作者感到自己變了，平靜了，會(huì)思考了，不再?zèng)_動(dòng)了，故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后四段可知，作者的父親競(jìng)爭(zhēng)失敗，但父親說(shuō)只要沒(méi)有失去兒子，一切都沒(méi)有問(wèn)題，可知作者父親是很欣慰的，故選D項(xiàng)。CTablets（平板電腦） are useful devices, but their big screens always make them as a burden to carry around without a bag. Wouldnt it be great if there were a phone with the powers of a tablet that could be folded up and fit neatly into the hand? Now something like a tablet-shaped but foldable（可折疊的） phone is about to become available. In February, Samsung and Huawei both introduced foldable phones, the Galaxy Fold and Huawei Mate X separately, to the public for the first time. Mobile phone use has entered the “foldable future”, the Verge noted.The technology could change our lives in significant ways. These devices, due to their bendable screens, give us the larger screens we want but still fit easily into the pocket. The technology could change other devices too. For example, we could make TVs that stick to walls like posters, or fold up easily to hide away in drawers, which could help increase available space to the maximum. In a keynote address, Justin Denison, Samsungs senior vice president, called the foldable screen “the basis for the smartphone of tomorrow”. “Its a blank canvas (畫(huà)布) for us to do something beautiful together,” he said.So is there nothing to stand in the way of the foldable future? According to tech news website Android Authority, the necessary displays were difficult to produce. In 2012, nine out of ten foldable screens produced were defective or unusable. Today, that 10 percent rate has been improved to almost 90 percent. However, at present these foldable devices are expensive. For example, the price of Huawei Mate X is 17, 500 RMB. Thats a price that few people will be able to afford.But if the foldable device isnt going to change the world overnight, there is no doubt that it is coming. Patrick Moorhead, an industry expert told The Verge, “Few are debating if foldable mobile displays are the future of smartphones; the only question is when and by whom.”8. What do we know about foldable devices?A. They are too big to fit into the pocket.B. They could bring us much convenience.C. They have become available in January.D. They are a burden to carry around without a bag.9. What can we learn from Denisons words?A. The foldable screen has great potential.B. The technology could change other devices too.C. There must be many problems with the technology.D. The production of foldable phones will soon decrease.10. What does the underlined word in Paragraph 3 mean?A. completeB. properC. imperfectD. normal11. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Types of foldable phones.B. The coming of foldable devices.C. Popular devices on the market.D. Difficulties in producing foldable phones.【答案】8. B 9. A 10. C 11. B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章講述的是“可折疊設(shè)備的到來(lái)”?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中The technology could change our lives in significant ways. These devices, due to their bendable screens, give us the larger screens we want but still fit easily into the pocket. The technology could change other devices too.“這項(xiàng)技術(shù)可以在很大程度上改變我們的生活。由于其可彎曲的屏幕，這些設(shè)備給我們提供了我們想要的更大的屏幕，但仍然很容易放進(jìn)口袋。這項(xiàng)技術(shù)也可能改變其他設(shè)備?！笨芍郫B設(shè)備可以給我們帶來(lái)很多方便。故選B。【9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中In a keynote address, Justin Denison, Samsungs senior vice president, called the foldable screen “the basis for the smartphone of tomorrow”. “Its a blank canvas (畫(huà)布) for us to do something beautiful together,” he said.“三星高級(jí)副總裁賈斯汀丹尼森(Justin Denison)在主題演講中稱，可折疊屏幕是“未來(lái)智能手機(jī)的基礎(chǔ)”?！斑@是一塊空白的畫(huà)布，我們可以一起做一些美好的事情，”他說(shuō)?！睆腄enison的話里可知折疊屏幕具有很大的潛力。故選A?！?0題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段中According to tech news website Android Authority, the necessary displays were difficult to produce.“據(jù)科技新聞網(wǎng)站Android Authority稱，必要的顯示屏很難制作?！焙偷谌沃蠺oday, that 10 percent rate has been improved to almost 90 percent.“如今，這一比例已從10%提高到近90%?！笨芍?，In 2012, nine out of ten foldable screens produced were defective or unusable.中的劃線詞的意思是“不完美的”。故選C。【11題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段中But if the foldable device isnt going to change the world overnight, there is no doubt that it is coming.“但如果這種可折疊設(shè)備不能在一夜之間改變世界，那么毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，它將會(huì)到來(lái)。”可知本文最佳主題是“可折疊設(shè)備的到來(lái)”。故選B?！军c(diǎn)睛】做詞義猜測(cè)題時(shí)，我們要特別注意熟詞生義，切不可脫離語(yǔ)境想當(dāng)然。在句子或段落中，我們可以利用熟悉的詞語(yǔ)，根據(jù)語(yǔ)言環(huán)境所表示的關(guān)系推斷生詞詞義，尤其要重視劃線詞前后的內(nèi)容。本題第3小題，根據(jù)第三段中According to tech news website Android Authority, the necessary displays were difficult to produce.“據(jù)科技新聞網(wǎng)站Android Authority稱，必要的顯示屏很難制作?！焙偷谌沃蠺oday, that 10 percent rate has been improved to almost 90 percent.“如今，這一比例已從10%提高到近90%?！笨芍?，In 2012, nine out of ten foldable screens produced were defective or unusable.中的劃線詞的意思是“不完美的”。故選C。DMany of us listen to music while we work, thinking that it will help us to concentrate on the task at hand. And in fact, recent research has found that music can have beneficial effects on creativity. When it comes to other areas of performance, however, the impact of background music is more complicated.The idea that listening to music when working is beneficial to output probably has its roots in the so-called “Mozart effect”. Put simply, this is the finding that spatial rotation performance(空間旋轉(zhuǎn)能力) is increased immediately after listening to the music of Mozart, compared to no sound at all.How sound affects performance has been the topic of research for over 40 years, and is observed through a phenomenon called the irrelevant sound effect. To study irrelevant sound effect, participants in the research are asked to complete a simple task which requires them to recall a series of numbers or letters in the exact order in which they saw them. The tricky thing is being able to do this while ignoring any background noise.Two key characteristics of the irrelevant sound effect are required for its observation. First, the task must require the person to use their rehearsal abilities(復(fù)述能力), and second, the sound must contain acoustical variation(聲學(xué)變化). Where the sound does not vary much acoustically, the performance of the task is much closer to that observed in quiet conditions.The irrelevant sound effect itself comes from attempting to process two sources of ordered information at the same timeone from the task and one from the sound. Unfortunately, only the former is required to successfully perform the recall task, and the effort in ensuring that irrelevant order information from the sound is not processed actually hinders(阻礙) this ability.A similar conflict is also seen when reading while in the presence of lyrical music. In this situation, the two sources of wordsfrom the task and the soundare in conflict. The cost is poorer performance of the task in the presence of music with lyrics.What this all means is that whether having music playing in the background helps or hinders performance depends on the task and on the type of music, and only understanding this relationship will help people maximize their productivity levels.12. “Mozart effect” is mentioned to _.A. explain how music can relax peopleB. show music can improve performanceC. advise people to listen to Mozart musicD. stress Mozart music gains wide attention13. It can be inferred that participants in the research _.A. have improved their rehearsal abilityB. perform better in the quiet conditionsC. ignore the background noise successfullyD. prefer the music with great sound variation14. Paragraph 6 is written to _.A. support an ideaB. make a contrastC. introduce a topicD. describe a fact15. What is the best title for the passage?A. Music shapes your lifeB. Music develops your creativityC. Choose quiet music for your workD. Does music make you concentrate?【答案】12. B 13. B 14. A 15. D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇議論文。文章講述的是“音樂(lè)在工作中的效應(yīng)”。我們中的許多人在工作時(shí)聽(tīng)音樂(lè)，認(rèn)為它會(huì)幫助我們集中精力完成手頭的任務(wù)。事實(shí)上，最近的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，音樂(lè)可以對(duì)創(chuàng)造力產(chǎn)生有益的影響。然而，當(dāng)涉及到其他表演領(lǐng)域時(shí)，背景音樂(lè)的影響就更加復(fù)雜了。【12題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句When it comes to other areas of performance, however, the impact of background music is more complicated.“然而，當(dāng)涉及到其他表演領(lǐng)域時(shí)，背景音樂(lè)的影響就更加復(fù)雜了?！焙偷诙蔚谝痪銽he idea that listening to music when working is beneficial to output probably has its roots in the so-called “Mozart effect”.“工作時(shí)聽(tīng)音樂(lè)有利于產(chǎn)量的觀點(diǎn)，可能根源于所謂的“莫扎特效應(yīng)”?！笨芍?，“莫扎特效應(yīng)”是指音樂(lè)可以提高演奏水平。故選B。【13題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句Where the sound does not vary much acoustically, the performance of the task is much closer to that observed in quiet conditions.“在聲音變化不大的情況下，任務(wù)的性能更接近于在安靜條件下觀察到的性能”。 可以推斷，研究參與者在安靜的環(huán)境中表現(xiàn)得更好。故選B?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段中A similar conflict is also seen when reading while in the presence of lyrical music. In this situation, the two sources of wordsfrom the task and the soundare in conflict.可知，第6段是為了支持一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)而寫(xiě)的。故選A?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段What this all means is that whether having music playing in the background helps or hinders performance depends on the task and on the type of music, and only understanding this relationship will help people maximize their productivity levels.“這一切都意味著，在后臺(tái)播放音樂(lè)是有助于還是阻礙表現(xiàn)取決于任務(wù)和音樂(lè)類型，只有理解這種關(guān)系才能幫助人們最大化他們的生產(chǎn)力水平?！笨芍?，本文主題是D項(xiàng)“音樂(lè)能讓你集中注意力嗎?”【點(diǎn)睛】推理判斷題要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基礎(chǔ)上，做出一定的推理判斷，從而得到文章的隱含意義和深層意義。推理判斷題所涉及的內(nèi)容可能是文中的某一句話，也可能是某幾句話，所以，推理題的答案只能是根據(jù)原文表面文字信息一步推出的答案：即對(duì)原文某一句話或某幾句話所作的同義改寫(xiě)或綜合。推理判斷題的題干中通常含infer, suggest, imply, conclude ，indicate等標(biāo)志性詞語(yǔ)。 這種題型主要包括細(xì)節(jié)判斷題、態(tài)度觀點(diǎn)推斷題、寫(xiě)作意圖推斷題、文章出處判斷題和猜測(cè)想象推斷題。本題第2小題，根據(jù)第四段最后一句Where the sound does not vary much acoustically, the performance of the task is much closer to that observed in quiet conditions.“在聲音變化不大的情況下，任務(wù)的性能更接近于在安靜條件下觀察到的性能”。 可以推斷，研究參與者在安靜的環(huán)境中表現(xiàn)得更好。故選B。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題 2 分，滿分 10 分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Taking good notes is a time-saving skill that will help you to become a batter student in several ways. _16_ Second, your notes are excellent materials to refer to when you are studying for a test. Third, note-taking offers variety to your study time and helps you to hold your interest.You will want to take notes during classroom discussions and while reading a textbook or doing research for a report. _17_ Whenever or however you take notes, keep in mind that note-taking is a selective process. _18_The following methods may work best for you. Read the text quickly to find the main facts and ideas in it. Carefully read the text and watch for words that can show main points and supporting facts. Write your notes in your own words. _19_ Note any questions or ideas you may have about what was said or written.As you take notes, you may want to use your own shorthand(速記). When you do, be sure that you understand your symbols and that you use them all the time. _20_A. Use words not complete sentences.B. There are three practical note-taking methods.C. You must write your notes on separate paper.D. Otherwise, you may not be able to read your notes later.E. you will also want to develop your own method for taking notes.F. That means you must first decide what is important enough to include in your notes.G. First, the simple act of writing something down makes it easier for you to understand and remember