外研版高中英語(yǔ)必修五課文預(yù)讀學(xué)案：Module 2 Period Three.doc

period threegrammar & writing單元語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)()課文原句感知 1.no one asked him to do the job，and no one pays him for it.2.before he volunteered to direct the traffic，timoteo had had lots of jobs.3.then one day while he was working as a lorry driver he had a close encounter with death.4.he was driving a lorry load of bananas when he came off the road at a bend and fell three hundred metres down the mountain.5.this last experience had a profound effect on timoteo.一、一般過(guò)去時(shí)(一)構(gòu)成：主語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式(二)用法：1.主要用于過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。i saw him in the street yesterday.昨天我在街上看見(jiàn)他了。2.表示過(guò)去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，常和often，always等頻率副詞連用。when i was a teenager，i played table tennis almost every day.十幾歲時(shí)，我?guī)缀趺刻於即蚱古仪颉?.在以下句型中，常用一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示虛擬語(yǔ)氣。it is (high/about) time (that) you went to bed.你該睡覺(jué)了。i would rather they came tomorrow.我寧愿他們明天來(lái)。4.一般過(guò)去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的區(qū)別(1)一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或單純敘述過(guò)去的事情，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作；現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)為過(guò)去發(fā)生的，強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去的事情對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是影響。(2)一般過(guò)去時(shí)常與具體的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)通常與模糊的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，或無(wú)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。一般過(guò)去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有：yesterday，last week，.ago，in 1980，just now等具體的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)；現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有：for，since，so far，ever，never，just，yet，till/until，up to now，in past years等不確定的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。二者共用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有：this morning，tonight，once，before，already，recently，lately等。i saw this film yesterday.我昨天看了這部電影。(強(qiáng)調(diào)看的動(dòng)作發(fā)生過(guò)了。)i have seen this film.我已看過(guò)這部電影了。(強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響，電影的內(nèi)容已經(jīng)知道了。)why did you get up so early?你為何起床這么早？(強(qiáng)調(diào)起床的動(dòng)作已發(fā)生過(guò)了。)who hasnt handed in his paper?誰(shuí)還沒(méi)交上試卷？(強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響，還沒(méi)交。)二、過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)(一)構(gòu)成：主語(yǔ)was/were現(xiàn)在分詞(二)用法：1.表示在過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻或某一階段正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。i was having a shower at that time.那時(shí)我正在沖澡。we were having a class meeting from 7 to 9 last night.昨天晚上7點(diǎn)到9點(diǎn)我們正在開(kāi)班會(huì)。2.某些非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，如go，come，start，leave，return等用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。she wanted to know when we were starting this task.她想知道我們什么時(shí)候開(kāi)始這項(xiàng)任務(wù)。3.在語(yǔ)境中的運(yùn)用。i waved to her but she wasnt looking.我向她揮手但她沒(méi)往這邊瞧。she didnt hear the doorbell.she was listening to the radio.她沒(méi)聽(tīng)見(jiàn)門(mén)鈴響，她在聽(tīng)收音機(jī)。注意與always，forever，frequently等副詞連用，可表示某種感情色彩。she was forever complaining.她老是抱怨。(厭煩)she was always thinking of others.她老是想著別人。(贊揚(yáng))三、過(guò)去完成時(shí)(一)構(gòu)成：主語(yǔ)had過(guò)去分詞(二)用法：1.表示在過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻或動(dòng)作以前完成了的動(dòng)作，也可以說(shuō)過(guò)去的時(shí)間關(guān)于過(guò)去的動(dòng)作，即“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”。可以用by，before等引導(dǎo)的介詞短語(yǔ)或一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句來(lái)表示，也可以用一個(gè)表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作來(lái)表示，還可以通過(guò)上下文來(lái)表示。he had learned english for a few years before he went to the united states.在去美國(guó)之前，他已學(xué)習(xí)了幾年英語(yǔ)。2.表示由過(guò)去的某一時(shí)刻開(kāi)始，一直延續(xù)到過(guò)去另一時(shí)間的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，常和for，since構(gòu)成的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。i had been at the bus stop for 20 minutes when a bus finally came.當(dāng)公交車(chē)終于來(lái)到的時(shí)候，我在車(chē)站已等了20分鐘。he said he had worked in that factory since 1949.他說(shuō)自從1949年以來(lái)他就在那家工廠工作。3.敘述過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情，在已敘述了過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情后，反過(guò)來(lái)追述或補(bǔ)述以前發(fā)生的動(dòng)作時(shí)，常使用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。mr smith died yesterday.he had been a good friend of mine.史密斯先生昨天去世了。他以前是我的好友。i didnt know a thing about the verbs，for i had not studied my lesson well.我對(duì)動(dòng)詞一無(wú)所知，因?yàn)槲覜](méi)有好好學(xué)習(xí)功課。4.在含有定語(yǔ)從句的主從復(fù)合句中，如果敘述的是過(guò)去的事，先發(fā)生的動(dòng)作常用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。i returned the book that i had borrowed.我已歸還了我借的書(shū)。she found the key that she had lost.她找到了她丟的那把鑰匙。5.過(guò)去完成時(shí)常常用在賓語(yǔ)從句(或間接引語(yǔ))中，這時(shí)從句中的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句表示的過(guò)去的動(dòng)作之前。he said that he had known her well.他說(shuō)他很熟悉她。i thought i had sent the letter a week before.我認(rèn)為我一星期前就把信寄出去了。6.在包含有when，until等連詞的復(fù)合句中，如果主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的過(guò)去動(dòng)作不是同時(shí)發(fā)生的，那么先發(fā)生的動(dòng)作通常用過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示。when i woke up，it had already stopped raining.我醒來(lái)時(shí)雨已停了。she didnt go to bed until she had finished her work.直到把工作做完之后她才睡覺(jué)。注意如果兩個(gè)動(dòng)作緊接著發(fā)生，則常常不用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，特別是在包含before和after的復(fù)合句中，因?yàn)檫@時(shí)從句的動(dòng)作和主句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生的先后順序已經(jīng)非常明確，可以用一般過(guò)去時(shí)代替過(guò)去完成時(shí)。after he arrived in england，marx worked hard to improve his english.到達(dá)英格蘭之后，馬克思努力提高他的英語(yǔ)水平。7.動(dòng)詞think，want，hope，mean，plan，intend等用過(guò)去完成時(shí)來(lái)表示過(guò)去未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的想法、希望、打算或意圖等。they had wanted to help but could not get there in time.他們本來(lái)打算去幫忙，但沒(méi)有及時(shí)趕到那里。8.過(guò)去完成時(shí)還可用在hardly.when.，no sooner.than.，it was the first (second，etc.) time (that).等固定句型中。hardly had he begun to speak when the audience interrupted him.他剛開(kāi)始演講，聽(tīng)眾就打斷了他。no sooner had he arrived than he went away again.他剛到就又走了。it was the third time that he had been out of work that year.這是他那一年第三次失業(yè)了。.單句語(yǔ)法填空1.later，engineers managed(manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels(隧道)，which became known as the tube.(2017全國(guó)) 2.silk had become(become) one of the primary goods traded along the silk road by about 100 bc.(2016浙江)3.jack was working(work) in the lab when the power cut occurred.(2016北京)4.when walking down the street，i came across david，whom i hadnt seen(not，see) for years.(2016天津)5.then，after two and a half years，the mother drove(drive) the young panda away.(2016四川)6.just as i got to the school gate，i realized i had left(leave) my book in the cafe.(2015安徽).單句改錯(cuò)(每小題僅有1處錯(cuò)誤)1.both dad and i planned to do something on mothers day.we up early in the morning.(2016四川，短文改錯(cuò))2.while they ，my father would lift my sister and me up to sit on the top of the fridge.(2016浙江，短文改錯(cuò))3.however，my parents didnt seem to think so.they always me what to do and how to do it.(2016全國(guó)，短文改錯(cuò))4.when i was a child，i hoped to live in the city.i i would be happy there.(2015全國(guó)，短文改錯(cuò))5.as i you last time，i made three new friends here.(2015四川，短文改錯(cuò)).單句語(yǔ)法填空1.the reporter said that the ufo was traveling(travel) from east to west when he saw it.2.he said he would tell her about the news as soon as he met(meet) her.3.she had finished(finish) writing the composition by 10 oclock this morning.4.i would rather you went(go) shopping tomorrow.5.they wanted to know when we were leaving(leave) for shanghai.完成句子6.這是39年里他們第一次見(jiàn)面。this was the first time that they had met in thirty-nine years.7.那時(shí)他正在看報(bào)。he was reading a newspaper at that moment.8.我們?cè)鞠Ｍ兔?，但那時(shí)太忙了。we had hoped to help but we were too busy then.9.我們昨天沒(méi)去動(dòng)物園，我們?nèi)チ斯珗@。we didnt go to the zoo yesterday.we went to the park.10.他昨天這個(gè)時(shí)候正在做作業(yè)嗎？was he doing his homework this time yesterday?11.多年前你給我提供了一些關(guān)于學(xué)習(xí)的有用建議。years ago you offered to give me some useful advice about learning.12.她住在這里時(shí)，總是樂(lè)于幫助別人。she was always helping others when she lived here.13.她告訴我她第二天就出發(fā)到意大利。she told me that she was leaving for italy the next day.14.他下車(chē)后意識(shí)到把包落在車(chē)上了。after he got off the bus，he realized that he had left his bag on it.15.我本打算去北京旅行，但是沒(méi)有時(shí)間。i had planned to go on a trip to beijing but i couldnt afford the time.語(yǔ)法填空(2018江西樟樹(shù)中學(xué)高二月考)last saturday afternoon，i went to the supermarket to meet my friend sammy.we planned to meet at 3：00 p.m.as i arrived 15 minutes 16.earlier(early) i decided to have a snack and a drink.i went to a new cafe 17.called(call) the metro.it was a little expensive and i just got a soda.it was really 18.crowded(crowd)，but i found a table and sat down.then a guy came over and sat opposite me.he had a cup of coffee and a sandwich.he drank 19.the coffee and ate half of the sandwich，and then he left.i was so hungry，so i ate the other half,20.which，i thought，was obviously leftover.then a few minutes later，he came back.he was on his cell phone，so i didnt give an 21. explanation(explain) about the sandwich.i just left 22.feeling (feel) very embarrassed.but things got even 23.worse(bad).i met my friend sammy later and she said her cousin josh 24.was waiting(wait) for us in the metro cafe.and yes，it was the same guy.oh，my gosh! how i wish i could slide 25. into the ground.單元寫(xiě)作writing a job application letter本單元的寫(xiě)作任務(wù)是寫(xiě)求職信，是求職者以書(shū)信的方式自我舉薦的一種文體。寫(xiě)求職信時(shí)應(yīng)該緊扣用人單位的錄用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，表達(dá)自己的求職動(dòng)機(jī)和優(yōu)勢(shì)。在用詞方面要言簡(jiǎn)意賅，直截了當(dāng)。求職信一般分為三部分：第一部分：開(kāi)頭稱(chēng)呼語(yǔ)及說(shuō)明申請(qǐng)的具體理由，如見(jiàn)廣告應(yīng)征，熟人介紹等。第二部分：主體部分，即介紹個(gè)人的情況。既然是寫(xiě)求職信，應(yīng)包括個(gè)人的基本情況：個(gè)人信息、工作經(jīng)歷、個(gè)人技能等。第三部分：結(jié)束語(yǔ)。希望對(duì)方積極考慮，盡早答復(fù)或同意請(qǐng)求。1.i am writing to apply for a position as.in your company.2.it would be a great opportunity for me to start my career in the company.3.what is more，my major is.，and i have a strong interest in.4.i have attended.and won top prizes several times，which greatly enriched my knowledge on.5.i had once worked part-time in a company for.years，and i gained wide experience in software in these.years.6.i would be pleased if you could offer me an opportunity.looking forward to your reply.7.i wish to apply for the position advertised in the newspaper of november 12.8.at school i won a scholarship and the first prize in a speech contest.9.i have teamwork spirit and can get on well with other people.10.id greatly appreciate the chance to work in your company.假如你是王哲，24歲，北京大學(xué)英語(yǔ)系畢業(yè)，英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)好。當(dāng)了3年英語(yǔ)導(dǎo)游。對(duì)英文秘書(shū)工作有興趣?？吹綀?bào)紙上某公司招聘英文秘書(shū)的廣告，于是想去該公司應(yīng)聘。請(qǐng)根據(jù)個(gè)人情況寫(xiě)一封求職信。詞數(shù)100左右。寫(xiě)作要求是根據(jù)要求寫(xiě)一封求職信。寫(xiě)作時(shí)應(yīng)注意下面幾點(diǎn)：1.確定文體：這是一篇應(yīng)用文書(shū)信，寫(xiě)作中應(yīng)注意書(shū)信的常規(guī)格式。2.主體時(shí)態(tài)：文章應(yīng)以一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)為主。3.主體人稱(chēng)：以第一人稱(chēng)為主。聯(lián)想詞匯1.英文秘書(shū)an english secretary2.畢業(yè)于graduate from 3.在方面熟練be skillful/experienced in4.三年英語(yǔ)導(dǎo)游經(jīng)驗(yàn)three years english tour guide experience5.適合suit/be fit for句式升級(jí)1.看到報(bào)紙上貴公司招聘英文秘書(shū)的廣告，我希望能在貴公司供職。(1)i have read your ad in the newspaper，and i hope to get the job as an english secretary in your company.(運(yùn)用并列句)(2)having read your ad in the newspaper，i hope to get the job as an english secretary in your company.(運(yùn)用現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ))2.另外，我可以熟練地操作計(jì)算機(jī)，并且一分鐘可以打100個(gè)單詞。(1)whats more，i am skillful in operating the computer and i can type 100 words per minute.(運(yùn)用并列句)(2)whats more，skillful in operating the computer，i can type 100 words per minute.(運(yùn)用形容詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ))3.我有三年的英語(yǔ)導(dǎo)游經(jīng)驗(yàn)，如有機(jī)會(huì)為貴公司服務(wù)，我將對(duì)一般事務(wù)必能勝任。(1)i have three years english tour guide experience，and i could make myself generally useful，if there should be any opportunity of your requiring my services.(運(yùn)用并列句)(2)with three years english tour guide experience，i could make myself generally useful，if there should be any opportunity of your requiring my services.(運(yùn)用介詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ))dear sir/madam，having read your ad in the newspaper，i hope to get the job as an english secretary in your company.my name is wang zhe，a healthy boy of 24.i graduated from the english department of beijing university.i can speak fluent english and can write in english as well as read all kinds of articles in english.whats more，skillful in operating the computer，i can type 100 words per minute.with three years english tour guide experience，i could make myself generally useful，if there should be any opportunity of your requiring my services.i want to be accepted by your company.ill work hard for your company.please reply if i suit you.thank you for your attention.yours，wang zhe.閱讀理解a(2018黑龍江哈六中高二期中)did you know that the color of uniforms can influence the performance of an athlete? it may sound strange，but a study suggests this might be true.two british scientists studied the results of four sports in the 2004 athens olympic games where the athletes had been given either a red or a blue uniform.they discovered that when there was a big difference in the score，color had no influence on the result.but if it was a close match，the athlete in a red uniform was more likely to win.then they looked at the uniforms of the soccer teams at the euro 2004 tournament.again，teams wearing red won more games.the two scientists got their idea from earlier studies of wild animals.it had been discovered that when a male shows red on its body，it sends a signal of its power and strength.for example，in many kinds of monkey，the more the male shows off its red scars(傷疤) the more females it can attract.based on this fact，the british scientists thought that the idea might work for humans，too.according to them，when an athlete sees a competitor in a red uniform，he gets a feeling that his competitor could be stronger than him.and that kind of feeling may have a bad influence on the players performance in the actual game.although the idea is interesting，most people dont accept that color signals in the animal world can really be useful to humans in sports.they think that it is unreasonable to develop an idea based on such a small number of examples.much more research has to be done to prove the influence of uniform colors on the performance of athletes.語(yǔ)篇解讀本文介紹了一種新的研究結(jié)論：在一場(chǎng)實(shí)力相近的比賽中，穿紅色隊(duì)服的運(yùn)動(dòng)員更容易獲勝。但是人們對(duì)這個(gè)結(jié)論持懷疑態(tài)度。1.what did the scientists find out about the 2004 athens olympic games?a.athletes played equally well in four sports.b.game results had a big influence on the athletes.c.athletes dressed in red scored more in a close match.d.there was a big difference in red and blue teams scores.答案c解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段倒數(shù)第三句“but if it was a close match，the athlete in a red uniform was more likely to win.”可知答案。2.what may the red scars of a male animal suggest?a.it is a failure.b.it is quite strong.c.it has power over other males.d.it has attracted a lot of females.答案b解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段中的“it had been discovered that when a male shows red on its body，it sends a signal of its power and strength.”可知，紅色的傷疤可能會(huì)表明這個(gè)雄性動(dòng)物更強(qiáng)大。故選b。3.the underlined part “that kind of feeling” in the text refers to a feeling of .a.shame b.pridec.danger d.weakness答案d解析詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫(huà)線部分后面的“may have a bad influence on the players performance in the actual game”可知，能對(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)員有不好影響的肯定是一種弱勢(shì)感。故選d。4.what is most peoples attitude towards the scientists idea?a.interested. b.satisfied.c.doubtful. d.thankful.答案c解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中的前兩句可知，大多數(shù)人對(duì)這個(gè)結(jié)論持懷疑態(tài)度。故選c。bi was always told by my dad to do everything by myself since i was young.one day my father brought me with him to change his car system.when my father and the technicians opened up the car system and took the system apart，my eyes were glued to what was inside immediately, especially the microchips(芯片)i was thrown by the amazing possibilities they represented.that was the moment when my passion for engineering was sparked.since then i have loved to solve problems.whether they are logical puzzles, or fixing appliances and furniture, i have always been an engineer at heart.as i progressed in high school, i was actually more exposed to the medical field.during my working at princess margaret hospital, i realized this opened my passion for chemistry.in pmh getting medicine to patients sooner, i always found smiles on their faces.i knew my future career would include helping others, as was reflected in the 1,000 volunteer hours i had spent during my high school years.i wasnt sure what i had wanted to be, but i knew what i had wanted to do; i wanted to aid people by using my knowledge of science, especially chemistry and physics.i also loved learning physics.having a job, volunteering regularly, and being an active badminton player during the last year of high school made it a little tough but worthwhile.with the skills i learned about how to solve problems in physics, i will come out of high school not only with experiences that taught me to be hard-working, but also with teamwork, perseverance and a passion for problem solving that will aid my future career as an engineer.to achieve my goal, i need to be equipped with the best knowledge and experience.of course university of toronto is an ideal place for me to acquire that knowledge and realize my dream.語(yǔ)篇解讀本文作者講述了自己對(duì)物理和化學(xué)的熱愛(ài)，并立志成為工程師去幫助更多的人，而且作者認(rèn)為多倫多大學(xué)就是一個(gè)獲得知識(shí)和實(shí)現(xiàn)夢(mèng)想的理想地方。5.the author intends to tell us in the first paragraph .a.his father was a famous engineerb.his father made a great success in lifec.how his father was strict with him in studiesd.how his idea of future career was developed答案d解析段落大意題。根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容可知，本段主要講述了作者未來(lái)想成為一名工程師的想法的萌生過(guò)程。故選d。6.which of the following can best describe the authors high school life?a.decent and comfortable.b.hard but fulfilling.c.relaxing and colorful.d.lonely but efficient.答案b解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的第二句“having a job, volunteering regularly, and being an active badminton player during the last year of high school made it a little tough but worthwhile.”可知，應(yīng)選b。7.we can infer from the passage that the author wrote the passage .a.before graduating from high schoolb.in university of torontoc.after he became famousd.before his job interview答案a解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“i will come out of high school.”以及最后一段的內(nèi)容可知，作者是在高中畢業(yè)前寫(xiě)的這篇文章。故選a。.語(yǔ)法填空(2018黑龍江齊齊哈爾十一中高二期中)one morning i was waiting at the bus stop，worried about 8.being(be) late for school.there were many people waiting at the bus stop,9.and some of them looked very anxious and 10.disappointed(disappoint).when the bus finally came，we all hurried on board.i got a place next 11.to the window，so i had a good view of the sidewalk.a boy on a bike 12.caught(catch) my attention.he was riding beside the bus and waving his arms.i heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver，but he refused 13.to stop(stop) until we reached the next stop.still，the boy kept 14.riding(ride).he was carrying something over his shoulder and shouting.finally，when we came to the next stop，the boy ran up to the door of the bus.i heard an 15.excited(excite) conversation. then the driver stood up and asked，“did anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop？” a woman on the bus shouted，“oh，dear! its mine.” she pushed her way to the driver and took 16.the suitcase thankfully.everyone on the bus began talking about what the boy had done，and the crowd of strangers 17.suddenly(sudden) became friendly to one another.短文改錯(cuò)(2018廣東汕頭潮師高中高二期中)as a service dog，sandys job is help manage a medical condition i have.my condition can be dangerously.when something bad happen，sandy will tell my parents immediately.of course，i help take care of sa