安徽省六安市第一中學(xué)2019-2020學(xué)年高二英語上學(xué)期開學(xué)考試試題（含解析）.doc

安徽省六安市第一中學(xué)2019-2020學(xué)年高二英語上學(xué)期開學(xué)考試試題（含解析）第i卷第一部分 聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）請(qǐng)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的a、b、c三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1. where does the woman want very much to go?a.egypt. b. the nile. c. the pyramids.2.what does the woman think of the restaurant prices here?a. fair. b. cheap. c.expensive.3. what will the woman do this evening?a. see her dad at the railway stationb. go to another city together with her dad.c. say good-bye to her dad at the railway station.4. why is jim so excited?a.he has moved to a new house.b .he has got some money from his parents.c.his girlfriend has promised to marry him.5 .what does the woman think of cloning?a.it has no side efifect at all.b. it should be strictly forbidden.c.it may cause trouble for humans.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）請(qǐng)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的a、b、c三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。在聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。請(qǐng)聽第6段材料，回答第6至8題。6. how many people are there in the dialogue?a. 2. b. 3. c. 4.7.what are the man and the woman doing?a.they are seeing susan off.b.they are meeting susan at the airport.c. they are going to take a plane to somewhere.8. where is susan?a. she is in the plane.b. she is at the plane gate.c. she is getting on the plant請(qǐng)聽第7段材料，回答第9至11題。9. what subjects did einstein begin to study at the age of ten?a. maths and science.b. medicine and violin.c. physics and chemistry.10. what can we learn from the conversation?a. einstein was poor in all subjects.b. einstein got well along with other boys.c. einstein was quite shy in his childhood.11. when did einstein teach hirnself advanced mathematics?a. before he was 20. b. in his twenties. c. in his thirties.請(qǐng)聽第8段材料，回答第12至14題。12. what are they talking about?a. they are talking about a sport starb. they are talking about the singing competitons.c. they are talking about one of their friends.13. why did the man vote （選舉）for charlie?a. charlie is very handsome.b. charlie is very humorous.c. charlie sings very well.14. which of the following is true of the woman?a. she thinks that charlie will win.b. she likes charlie very much.c. she will not vote for charlie.請(qǐng)聽第9段材料，回答第15至17題。15. what sport are they talking about?a. weight-lifting. b. wrestling. c. horse-racing.16. how much did she lift on her third attempt?a. 103kg. b. 108kg. c. 111kg.17. how many gold medals did china win on the event?a.two. b. four. c. eight請(qǐng)聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18. how did the speaker and his wife get around in london?a. by taxi. b. by bus. c. on foot.19. which of the following places havent they been to during their stay in london?a. buckingham palace.b the british museum.c. the national gall20. what could they do in london that they cant do at home?a. have some very good meals.b. go shopping.c. see some very good plays.第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié) （共15小題，每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的a、b、c和d四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ali hua is currently studying at cambridge, uk. she has bought a bicycle and is worried about security. her friend, kate, found this article and sent it to her.introductiona lot of crime is against bicycles. about 150, 000 bicycles are stolen every year and most are never found. you can prevent this happening by following a few careful steps.basic securitydo not leave your bicycle in out-of-the-way places. always lock your bicycle when youleave. secure it to lampposts or trees. take off smaller parts and take them with you,for example lights and saddlesleave（車座）.locksget a good lock. there are many different types in the shops. buy one that has been tested against attack. ask for a recommendation from a bike shop.markingsecurity marking your bike can act as a deterrent to a thief. it can also help the police find your bicycle. it should be clearly written and include your postcode and your house or flat number. this will provide a simple way to identify your bicycle.registration （登記）there are a number of security companies who will help mark your bicycle for you.they will then put your registration number and personal details on their computer database.then if your bicycle is found it will be easy to contact you. -finallykeep a record of the bicycle yourself: its maker, model and registration number. you can even take a photograph of it. this will prove the bicycle belongs to you.1. which part of the text gives you information on how to lock up your bicycle when you leave it?a. registration.b. marking.c. basic security.d. locks.2. the underlined phrase “act as a deterrent to a thief” means .a. help you recognize your bikeb. help the police find your bicyclec. stop you worrying about your biked. stop someone stealing your bicycle3. the article advises you to keep a record of your bicycle _.a. by yourself and in a security companyb. in a security company and your universityc. in the bike shop and your computerd. in the police station and a security company【答案】1. c 2. d 3. a【解析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。李華新買了一輛自行車，擔(dān)心自行車的安全問題。凱特在網(wǎng)上找了一篇關(guān)于這方面的文章發(fā)給了李華。文章就基本的安全措施、上鎖、標(biāo)記、登記等方面做了說明?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由“basic security”標(biāo)題下段落內(nèi)的內(nèi)容“always lock your bicycle when you leave. secure it to lampposts or trees.”可知，這一段內(nèi)容提醒讀者離開自行車時(shí)要將車鎖起來。將車鎖在電線桿或者樹上更安全。所以說這一段內(nèi)容告訴讀者離開自行車時(shí)要如何鎖車。故選c?！?題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。劃線短語所在的句子意思為：安全標(biāo)記你的自行車能給小偷起到威懾的作用。由其后句子的意思“它也能幫助警察找到你的自行車”以及本段最后一句話“這提供了一種簡(jiǎn)單的方法來辨識(shí)你的自行車”可知，安全標(biāo)記自行車能讓我們的自行車很容易被識(shí)別出來，可以推知小偷看到這樣的車一般也不敢偷，就是可以對(duì)小偷起到威懾作用。故選d。【3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由“registration”下的內(nèi)容可知，有很多安全公司會(huì)幫你標(biāo)記你的車。他們會(huì)將你的車牌號(hào)和個(gè)人信息錄入電腦系統(tǒng)，如果你的車被找到，他們就可以很容易聯(lián)系到你。由“finally”下的內(nèi)容可知，你最好自己記錄下車的信息，這能證明車是屬于你的。所以這篇文章建議我們自己記錄好車的信息，也在安全公司記錄好車的信息。故選a。bwho decided that blue jeans and t-shirts are “cool” for kids to wear today? who designs the clothes you see for sale in stores? all of these questions concern the world of fashion.fashion refers to the styles of dress that are currently popular. fashion goes beyond just clothes, though. its important for some people to wear only the latest fashions and styles. for others, though, keeping up with trends isnt that important. the one thing that stays the same with fashion is this: it always changes!in the 1960s and 1970s, hippies made bell-bottomed blue jeans popular. in the 1980s, michael jackson made parachute pants (降落傘褲) all the fashion. now try to find these items in todays clothing stores!why do fashions change? the answer is probably as simple as the fact that people change. over time, the new replaces the old. people are influenced greatly by popular culture, including athletes, musicians, movie stars, as well as popular films, television shows, books and music. we are also influenced by the fashion industrys advertising.the stars of popular culture are always searching for a new angle to maintain (保持) their popularity. often these new angles come in the form of new clothing or hairstyles. when people see these new styles, they often want to imitate their favorite stars. to do so, they seek out the latest fashions to make themselves look like the people they want to imitate. in this way, fashions evolve and change over time.for years, clothes have been used to separate people into groups. even today, brand-name clothing that is more expensive than other types of clothing can be used by some people to distinguish themselves from others.unfortunately, this can often have the effect of distancing certain groups from others. dont forget that its always ok to develop your own sense of style that is unique and separate from what the fashion world determines! stay true to yourself and let your personality not your clothes speak for who you are!4. the examples of bell-bottomed blue jeans and parachute pants in paragraph 3 suggest that _.a. fashion always changesb. stars are always influentialc. people have different dressing stylesd. hippies and michael jackson are good designers5. fashions change mainly because _.a. advertisements change rapidlyb. popular culture influences peoplec. movie stars are changing over timed. new films and shows replace the old6. in the last paragraph, the author mainly wants to stress _.a. the advantages of staying uniqueb. the bad effects of following fashionc. the good influences of popular stylesd. the importance of having ones own personality7. we can learn from the text that _.a. fashion is all about clothesb. the author has gone out of fashionc. clothes may separate and distance peopled. people like imitating others dressing style【答案】4. a 5. b 6. d 7. c【解析】試題分析：本文是議論文。作者主要說明了時(shí)尚為什么隨著時(shí)間而改變?！?題詳解】a。推理判斷題。由第二段中的the one thing thatstays the same with fashion is this: it always changes可知，第三段中的兩個(gè)例子都在說明：時(shí)尚總在變化。故選a?！?題詳解】b。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第四段中的people are influencedgreatly by popular culture和第五段的描述可知，時(shí)尚在不斷變化的原因是流行文化對(duì)人的影響極大。故選b?！?題詳解】d。推理判斷題。由最后一段中的dont forget that itsalways ok to develop your own sense of style stay true to yourself and letyour personality not yourclothes speak forwho you are可知，作者主要說明了要有自己獨(dú)特的時(shí)尚感，并且要保持個(gè)性。故選d。【7題詳解】c。推理判斷題。由倒數(shù)第二段中的clothes have beenused to separate people into groups和最后一段中的this can often have the effect of distancing certain groups fromothers可知，衣服可以把人分成不同的群體，也可以讓不同群體之間的人疏離。故選c?！久麕燑c(diǎn)撥】推理判斷題要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基礎(chǔ)上，做出一定的推理判斷，從而得到文章的隱含意義和深層意義。推理判斷題所涉及的內(nèi)容可能是文中的某一句話，也可能是某幾句話，所以，推理題的答案只能是根據(jù)原文表面文字信息一步推出的答案：即對(duì)原文某一句話或某幾句話所作的同義改寫或綜合。推理判斷題的題干中通常含infer,suggest,imply,conclude indicate等標(biāo)志性詞語。 這種題型主要包括細(xì)節(jié)判斷題、態(tài)度觀點(diǎn)推斷題、寫作意圖推斷題、文章出處判斷題和猜測(cè)想象推斷題。比如，第34小題，d。推理判斷題。由最后一段中的dont forget that itsalways ok to develop your own sense of style stay true to yourself and letyour personality not yourclothes speak forwho you are可知，作者主要說明了要有自己獨(dú)特的時(shí)尚感，并且要保持個(gè)性。故選d?？键c(diǎn)：考查議論文閱讀cyoure out to dinner. the food is delicious and the service is fine. you decide to leave a big fat tip. why? the answer may not be as simple as you think.tipping, psychologists have found, is not just about service. instead, studies have shown that tipping can be affected by psychological reactions to a series of different factors from the waiters choice of words, to how they carry themselves while taking orders, to the billls total.even how much waiters remind customers of themselves can determine how much change they pocket by the end of the night.“studies before have shown that mimicry （模仿）brings into positive feelings for the mimicker, wrote rick van baaren, a social psychology professor. these studies show that people who are being mimicked become more generous toward the person who mimicks.so rick van baaren divided 59 waiters into two groups. he requested that half serve with a phrase such as, coming up! those in the other half were instructed to repeat the orders and preferences back to the customers. rick van baaren then compared their takehome pay. the results were clear-it pays to mimic your customer. the copycat （模仿者）waiters earned almost double the amount of tips to the other group.leonard green and joel myerson, psychologists at washington university in st louis, found the generosity of a tipper may be limited by his bill. after research on the 1,000 tips left for waiters, cabdrivers, hair stylists, they found tip percentages in these three areas dropped as customers bills went up. in fact, tip percentages appear to plateau （穩(wěn)定期）when bills topped $100 and a bill for $200 made the worker gain no bigger percentage tip than a bill for $100.thats also a point of tipping, green says. you have to give a little extra to the cabdriver for being there to pick you up and something to the waiter for being there to serve you. if they werent there, youd never get any service. so part of the idea of a tip is for just being there.8. besides service, how many other fectors（因素）affecting the customers tipping are mentioned in the passage?a. 1b. 2c. 3d. 49. these studies show that .a. tipping can be affected by physical reactions to many different waitersb. the mimic waiters can get almost twice as much money as those who dont mimick othersc. people who are being mimicked usually tip less to the person who mimics themd. mimicry makes the mimicker feel bad10. according to the passage, which of the following will be likely to show the right change of the tip percentages?a. b. c. d. 11. we know from the passage that the writer seems to .a. object to mr greens idea about tippingb. think part of mr greens explanation is reasonablec. support the opinions of mr green and rick van baaren about tippingd. give his generous tip to waiters very often【答案】8. d 9. b 10. d 11. c【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章向大家介紹了影響顧客消費(fèi)后給的小費(fèi)多少的諸多因素?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段中的內(nèi)容（心理學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)，小費(fèi)不僅僅是關(guān)于服務(wù)的。 研究表明，顧客對(duì)服務(wù)員的言辭的選擇、點(diǎn)單時(shí)服務(wù)員的行為甚至對(duì)訂單總額的心理反應(yīng)都會(huì)影響到小費(fèi)的多少。）以及第三段內(nèi)容（甚至服務(wù)員提醒了顧客多少也能決定最后的小費(fèi)的多少）可知，除了服務(wù)，影響小費(fèi)多少的因素還有服務(wù)員的言辭、點(diǎn)單時(shí)服務(wù)員的行為、訂單總額以及服務(wù)員提醒了顧客多少等四個(gè)因素。故選d?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第五段中的“the results were clear-it pays to mimic your customer. the copycat （模仿者）waiters earned almost double the amount of tips to the other group.”可知，結(jié)果很明顯-模仿是有用的。模仿者獲得的小費(fèi)幾乎是另一組沒有模仿者的兩倍。故選b?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。由第六段中的“they found tip percentages in these three areas dropped as customers bills went up. in fact, tip percentages appear to plateau （穩(wěn)定期）when bills topped $100 and a bill for $200 made the worker gain no bigger percentage tip than a bill for $100.”可知，研究者發(fā)現(xiàn)，在服務(wù)員、出租車司機(jī)和理發(fā)師這三個(gè)領(lǐng)域，當(dāng)賬單上升時(shí)小費(fèi)的比例會(huì)下降。實(shí)際上，當(dāng)賬單在100美金的時(shí)候小費(fèi)比例趨于穩(wěn)定，200美金的賬單給的小費(fèi)比例不會(huì)高于100美金賬單給的小費(fèi)比例。也就是說，小費(fèi)隨著賬單額的升高而降低，在100美金之后趨于穩(wěn)定。觀察圖像，與d圖像符合。故選d?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。這是一篇說明文，由首段中的“the answer may not be as simple as you think.”可知作者認(rèn)為給的小費(fèi)多少的理由及原因沒有我們想的那么簡(jiǎn)單，下文就是作者認(rèn)為有可能的理由。也就說明作者是贊同mr green 和 rick van baaren 關(guān)于小費(fèi)的研究的。故選c?！军c(diǎn)睛】細(xì)節(jié)理解題是高考閱讀中常考題型。本題中的第一題是典型的細(xì)節(jié)理解題。但是在做這一題時(shí)，同學(xué)們很容易做錯(cuò)的一點(diǎn)是可能會(huì)找出第二段中的影響小費(fèi)的因素，卻忽略第三段中影響小費(fèi)的因素。避免出現(xiàn)這種遺漏的方法就是分析每段內(nèi)容或者每段中心意思講的是什么，這樣就不會(huì)由于答案不在一個(gè)段落內(nèi)而被落下。dalthough many online personality tests are fun, only a few will really give you insight into who you are and what you are supposed to be doing with your life.at careerplanner. com we believe that each individual （個(gè)人），regardless of （不管）race or religion, has a purpose in life, and until you discover what your purpose is, you will not find true happiness, nor true job satisfaction.this doesnt mean you wont be successful. it just means you wont be happy until you are moving towards your true purpose.unfortunately, our school system does very little to help students discover their true career. this is where online personality tests and career tests can help.online personality tests and career tests can help you better understand what type of work you should be doing to achieve job satisfaction, happiness, and success.personality tests are most useful in giving you insight into “how your personality compares to others and “how you like to work.in particular, if you frequently experience difficulty working with others, or getting their support and cooperation, a really good personality test would show you how to get along better.while personality tests are very useful at showing you how you like to work and how you like your work environment, they are not really designed to show you what type of work is right for you.that is where career interest tests come in. online career tests, such as the careerp offers will help you discover what your true interests are, and what type of work you will be passionate about.but back to personality tests. the most well-established personality tests are the myers-briggs type indicator r, and the enneagram.12. the underlined word insight in the first paragraph means .a. theoryb. demandc. understandingd. term13. you cant achieve true job satisfaction unless you .a. find your true purpose in lifeb. choose the best workc. get along well with othersd. adapt to the work environment14. the writers purpose in writing this passage is .a. to present some popular online personality testsb. to tell readers about online personality and career testsc. to tell the differences between some popular online testsd. to persuade people to take online personality or career tests15. what will the writer most probably talk about next?a. the differences between personality tests and career tests.b. the similarities between personality tests and career tests.c. the reasons why personality and career tests are popular.d. the details of the two most well-established personality tests.【答案】12. c 13. a 14. b 15. d【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了心理測(cè)驗(yàn)的重要性以及各種測(cè)驗(yàn)的用途，并向大家推薦了幾個(gè)比較靠譜的測(cè)驗(yàn)?！?2題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。劃線單詞所在句子意思為：盡管網(wǎng)上很多人格測(cè)驗(yàn)是比較有趣的，但是只有很少的幾個(gè)能讓你了解自己是什么樣的人以及你的人生中應(yīng)該做些什么。劃線單詞與第五段首句中的“help you better understand（幫你更好的了解）”相呼應(yīng)。這兩句話主語都是測(cè)驗(yàn)，賓語都是關(guān)于自己的職業(yè)的內(nèi)容，所以謂語動(dòng)詞也呼應(yīng)。a. theory 理論；b. demand要求；c. understanding理解；d. term把叫做。故選c?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段中的“until you discover what your purpose is, you will not find true happiness, nor true job satisfaction.”可知，直到你找到你的人生目標(biāo)，你才會(huì)找到真正的幸福，才能有真的工作滿足感。故選a。【14題詳解】推理判斷題。由第一段中的內(nèi)容（盡管網(wǎng)上很多人格測(cè)驗(yàn)都很有趣，但是沒有幾個(gè)能真正讓你了解自己并讓你知道你人生中應(yīng)該做些什么）可知，作者寫本文的目的是想讓我們了解網(wǎng)上的各種測(cè)驗(yàn)。故選b。【15題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章結(jié)構(gòu)，最后一段之前的內(nèi)容為我們講述了各種測(cè)驗(yàn)的重要性及用途，由最后一段中的“but back to personality tests. the most well-established personality tests are”可知，作者接下來可能是要向我們介紹各種測(cè)驗(yàn)中做的比較好的測(cè)驗(yàn)。首先為我們介紹的就是這兩種做的比較好的人格測(cè)驗(yàn)。故選d?！军c(diǎn)睛】猜測(cè)詞義題在高考中有三種考查形式：生詞猜測(cè)詞義或熟詞生義、猜測(cè)一句話的意思、指代關(guān)系猜詞（代詞或者名詞）。從近三年考查形勢(shì)看，三種考查方式同等重要。本文中考查的是生詞猜測(cè)詞義。同學(xué)們看到生詞猜測(cè)詞義，可能最熟悉的方法就是在生詞前后找到其釋義句，再根據(jù)釋義句推出答案。但是本題我們有一種更為便捷的辦法，就是根據(jù)文章前后語句間的前后呼應(yīng)關(guān)系解題。一篇文章中，當(dāng)一個(gè)對(duì)象有多種用途時(shí)，在對(duì)它們進(jìn)行說明時(shí)會(huì)出現(xiàn)相類似的句式，我們可以根據(jù)這種結(jié)構(gòu)上的呼應(yīng)解題。本題第一題的詳解中使用的就是這種方法，大家可以查看。所以在不同的問題中，我們要根據(jù)篇章內(nèi)容結(jié)構(gòu)選用最快捷的辦法解題。第二節(jié)（共5小題：每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。what makes a good school?im a parent of two elementary s