仁愛英語七年級下知識點(diǎn)語言點(diǎn)匯.doc

七年級英語下冊（仁愛版）語言知識點(diǎn)歸納Unit 5 Our School Lifetopic1 How do you go to school?一、重點(diǎn)詞語：1. wake up醒來，喚醒get up 起床2. go to school去上學(xué)go home 回家3. go dancing / shopping / skating / swimming去跳舞；購物、滑冰；游泳go doing something 可用于表達(dá)去進(jìn)行某種娛樂休閑活動。4. 表示交通方式： on foot 步行 by boat 坐船by ship 坐船by air 乘飛機(jī) by plane 乘飛機(jī) by train 坐火車 by subway搭乘地鐵 by car 坐小汽車by bus坐公共汽車by bike騎自行車5. take the subway / bus / car搭乘地鐵；公共汽車；小汽車6. drive a car to work = go to work by car駕車去上班 take a bus to work = go to work by bus 乘公共汽車去上班 go to school on foot = walk to school步行去上學(xué)7. ride a bike / horse騎自行車；騎馬8. after school / class放學(xué)以后；下課以后9. play the piano / guitar/ violin彈鋼琴；吉他；小提琴 play basketball / soccer / football 打籃球；踢足球；打橄欖球 play computer games玩電腦游戲 play with a computer 玩電腦 play sports 做運(yùn)動10. next to緊挨著，在旁邊11. on weekdays在工作日 at weekends在周末12. have breakfast / lunch / supper / dinner / meals吃早餐；中餐；晚餐；正餐；一日三餐 have classes / lessons / a meeting上課；上課；開會13. watch TV / movies / games / the animals看電視；電影；比賽；動物 read novels / newspapers / books看小說；報(bào)紙；書14. wash ones face / clothes洗臉；衣服15. 反義詞：up down, early late近義詞：quickly fast get up early 早起 be late for 遲到16 表示建筑物（尤其學(xué)校建筑物）： on the playground在操場 at school / home / table學(xué)校；家里；桌旁in a computer room / teachers office / classroom building / gym / library / lab / canteen 在電腦室；教師辦公室；教學(xué)樓；體操館；圖書館；實(shí)驗(yàn)室；食堂17. around six oclock = at about six oclock大約在六點(diǎn)18. 頻率副詞：never, seldom, sometimes, often, usually, always二、重點(diǎn)句型：1. Its time to get up.該起床的時(shí)候了。Its time for breakfast. = Its time to have breakfast = Its time for having breakfast.該吃早飯了2. You must go to school early. 你必須早點(diǎn)去上學(xué)。（主觀因素造成“必須”）I have to wash my face quickly.我不得不迅速地洗臉。（客觀因素造成“必須”）3. Happy New Year! The same to you!新年快樂！也祝你新年快樂！4. How about you? = What about you?你怎么樣？5. How do you usually go to school? I usually go to school by bike.你通常怎樣去上學(xué)？我通常騎自行車去上學(xué)。What do you usually do after school? I usually play computer games. 你通常放學(xué)做什么？我通常玩電腦游戲。6. How does she usually go to work? She usually goes to work by car.她通常怎樣去上班？她通常開車去上班。What does he usually do after class? He usually reads novels.他通常下課后做什么？他通?？葱≌f。7. The early bird catches the worm!早起的鳥兒有蟲吃。/ 笨鳥先飛。三、語法學(xué)習(xí)：復(fù)習(xí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：1. 區(qū)別含有be動詞和行為動詞的肯定句式。 I am at home. I stay at home.I am stay at home. She stay at home. 2. 一般疑問句、否定句表達(dá)的不同方式： Are you at home?Do you stay at home?Does she stay at home?Yes, I am. No, I am not.Yes, I do. No, I dont.Yes, she does. No, she doesnt.I am not at home.I dont stay at home.She doesnt stay at home.3. 主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，謂語行為動詞的變化。 She plays computer games on Sundays.She studies English every morning.She goes to school on weekdays.She has breakfast at 6:45.4. 用法： (1) 表示現(xiàn)在的狀況：I am a teacher. You are student. They are in London.(2) 表示經(jīng)常的或習(xí)慣性的動作：I usually go to school on foot. She plays tennis every morning.(3) 表示主語具備的性格和能力等：He likes playing basketball. They do the cooking. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：1. 基本句式結(jié)構(gòu)：I am playing with a computer.2. 現(xiàn)在分詞構(gòu)成法： go going play playinghave having drive driving run runningswim swimmingbegin beginning3. 用法：（1）表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行的動作：She is having dinner. 她正在用餐。（2）方位動詞的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)可用來表示將要發(fā)生的動作：Im going. 我要走了。Topic 2 How often do you have an English class?一、 重點(diǎn)詞語：1. 學(xué)科名詞：政治語文數(shù)學(xué)英語歷史地理生物音樂體育美術(shù)politicsChinesemathEnglishhistorygeographybiologymusicP.E.Art2. 一周七天名詞：星期日星期一星期二星期三星期四星期五星期六SundayMondayTuesdayWednesdayThursdayFridaySaturday3. swimming pool 游泳池4. listen to music 聽音樂write letters 寫信go roller-skating 滑滑輪go shopping 去購物have an English class 上英語課go to the park 去公園meet friends 會見朋友draw pictures 畫畫play sports 做運(yùn)動watch TV 看電視play computer games 玩電腦游戲 play soccer 踢足球 work on math problems 解答數(shù)學(xué)題take exercises 做運(yùn)動learn about the past 學(xué)習(xí)歷史 learn how to read and write in Chinese 學(xué)著用中文讀寫 play ball games with my classmates 和我的同班同學(xué)玩球類游戲5. be good at = do well in 擅長于 I am good at English. = I do well in English.6. be different from 與不同the same as 與相同7. do outdoor activities 進(jìn)行戶外活動8. every week每周each day=every day 每天 three times a week 每周三次9. do ones best 盡力去做某事do ones homework 做家作10. like doing something = love doing something 喜歡做某事hate doing something 討厭做某事11. at half past six = at thirty past six = at six thirty六點(diǎn)半 at seven oclock = at seven 在七點(diǎn)at five fifteen = at fifteen past five = at a quarter past five五點(diǎn)十五分at fifteen to ten = at a quarter to ten = at nine forty-five 九點(diǎn)四十五分12. for a little while 就一會兒13. a student of Grade One 一年級的學(xué)生14. eat out 出去吃,下館子 15. get home 到家二、重點(diǎn)句型：1. Which place do you like best? I like the computer room best.你最喜歡哪個(gè)地方？我最喜歡電腦室。2. Swimming is my favorite sport. = I like swimming best. 游泳是我最喜歡的運(yùn)動。3. Why do you think so? Because he likes sleeping. 你為什么這么想？因?yàn)樗矚g睡覺。4. How often do you go to the library? Very often. 你經(jīng)常去圖書館嗎？經(jīng)常。5. Peter is good at soccer ball. 彼特擅長與足球。6. My interest is different from theirs. 我的興趣和他們的不一樣。7. How many lessons do you have every day? 你每天上多少節(jié)課？8. What time is school over? 什么時(shí)候放學(xué)？9. I try to do my best each day. 每天我都盡力做到最好。三、語法學(xué)習(xí)：以How，Wh- 開頭的疑問句。疑問詞：how often, how long, how soon, how old, how many, how much, how big, how heavy, how wide, how far, what, when, who, whose, whom, where, which, why, what color, what time, what classTopic3 I like the school life here.一、重點(diǎn)詞語：1. learnfrom 向?qū)W習(xí)、2. 名詞單數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)化復(fù)數(shù)：life lives shelf shelvesleaf leaves half halveslife - lives3. between and 在與之間4. get to school 到校get home 到家5. Here it is. = Here you are. 給你 and so on 等等6. on time 按時(shí) 7. the school life 學(xué)校生活8. most of them 他們大多數(shù)all pupils 所有的學(xué)生few pupils 很少學(xué)生9. spare time 空閑時(shí)間 10. have a short rest 休息片刻11. 名詞變成形容詞：wonder wonderful, use useful, care careful, beauty - beautiful interest interestingexcite - exciting二、重點(diǎn)句型：1. Welcome to our school. 歡迎到我們學(xué)校來。 2. What do you think of our school? Its very nice. 你認(rèn)為我們學(xué)校怎么樣？它非常漂亮。3. Let me find it on the computer first. 首先讓我在電腦上找到它。4. Wait a minute. = Just a minute. 等一等。5. Mary cant find her purse and were looking for it. 瑪麗找不到她的錢包，我們正在找它。6. Is there anything else in it? No, there isnt. 里面還有別的嗎？不，沒有了。7. Thank you anyway. = Thank you all the same. 仍然謝謝你。Thank you for your hard work. 謝謝你們的努力工作 Thank you for asking me. 謝謝你邀請我。8. Almost all the pupils walk or take a yellow school bus. 幾乎所有的小學(xué)生都步行或坐黃色的校車。 Very few pupils ride bikes. 很少小學(xué)生騎自行車。 Most of them have lunch at school. 他們大部分在學(xué)校吃午飯。9. I read them with great interest. 我?guī)е鴺O大的興趣讀它們。10. Well let you know if we find yours. 如果我們找到你的（錢包）我們會讓你知道的。11. May I ask you some questions? Yes, please 我可以問你幾個(gè)問題嗎？13. Where do you come from? I come from Australia. = Where are you from? Im from Australia. 你來自哪里？我來自澳大利亞。14. How long can I keep it? Two weeks. 我能借多久？兩個(gè)星期。15. Do you have a problem? 你有問題嗎？ 三、語法學(xué)習(xí)：There is / are 的學(xué)習(xí)。1. 用法：表示存在。什么時(shí)間或者地點(diǎn)“有”什么東西2. 幾種基本句式：There is a book and two pens on the desk. 桌上有一本書和兩支筆。There are two pens and a book on the desk. 桌上有兩支筆和一本書。There isnt a book on the desk. 桌上沒有一本書。There arent two pens on the desk. 桌上沒有兩支筆。Is there a book on the desk? Yes, there is. No, there isnt. 桌上有一本書嗎？是的，有。不，沒有。Are there two pens on the desk? Yes, there are. No, there arent. 桌上有兩支筆嗎？是的，有。不沒有。3. 與have的區(qū)別：I have a book. I dont have a book. Do you have a book? Yes, I do. No, I dont.She has a book. She doesnt have a book. Does she have a book? Yes, she does. No, she doesnt. Unit 6 Our Local AreaTopic 1 I have a nice house一、詞匯：1. in front of 在的前面 hear from sb. 收到某人的來信2. next to 靠近 give back歸還3. for a while 一會兒 go upstairs 上樓4. have a look 看一看 put away 把收起來5. play with a ball 玩球 on the second floor 在第二層6. look after 照顧；照看；照料；保管二、句型:1. Why not go upstairs and have a look? (1) go upstairs上樓 go downstairs下樓 (2) have a look看 have a look at 看 have a walk散步have a bath洗澡 have a swim游泳 have a talk談話 have a rest休息 (3) Why not+動詞原形?句型是提建議的一種表達(dá)法，形同“Why dont + 人稱代詞 + 動詞原形上+ ？”。這樣的句型常用來啟發(fā)或建議某人做某事?；卮鸪Ｓ肙k, lets/All right./Thats a good idea.2. Please give it back soon.請盡快地把它還給我。give back:(=return)歸還：代詞作賓語時(shí)應(yīng)放在give 和back的中間，如果是名詞作賓語，可放在中間，也可放在后面。例如： give the book back;/give back the book. give it back / give them back類似的短語還有put away, put on, try on, take off, 3.Lets play computer games for a while.讓我們玩一會兒電腦吧。(1) play computer games玩電腦游戲(2) Lets =Let us后接動詞原形：讓我們4.My pet dog plays with the ball everywhere.我的寵物狗在家里到處玩球。(1) everywhere=here and there處處；到處(2) play with 其后接人時(shí)，意為“與玩” 其后接物時(shí)，意為“玩（單純地玩耍）”play football, play basketball, play volleyball指技術(shù)性較高的運(yùn)動 5.There is a watermelon and lots of apples in the box.箱子里有一個(gè)西瓜和許多蘋果。(1) lots of =a lot of 許多的；大量的，用來修飾名詞There are a lot of students in that school. （=many）There was a lot of snow last year.(=much)Theres a lot of rice in the bag.(=much)三、語法：There be句型和Have的區(qū)別類型There beHave涵義不同側(cè)重 存在關(guān)系，表示某地或某時(shí)間存在某人/某物，there只是引導(dǎo)詞，無意義。 如：There is a boat in the river.河里有一條船。側(cè)重 所屬關(guān)系，示屬于所擁有的東西，第三人稱用has。如： I have a nice watch. 我有一塊好看的手表。 She has a new computer. 她有一臺新電腦。句型不同1.肯定式：There is/are+主語+其它。 2.否定式：There is/are+ not+主語+其它。 3.疑問式：-Is/Are there+主語+其它？ -Yes, there is/are. -No, there isnt/arent1.肯定式：主語+have/has+其它。 2.吉伯定式：a)主語+dont/doesnt have+其它； b)主語+havent/hasnt+其它。 3.疑問式：a)-Do/does+主語+have+其它？ -Yes,主語+do/does./No,主語+dont/doesnt. b)-Have/Has+主語+其它？-Yes,主語+have/has./No,主語+havent/hasnt.主謂一致不同1.There is +單數(shù)主語/不可數(shù)主語如： There is some milk in hte bottle. There is a hat on the desk. 2.There are+復(fù)數(shù)主語如：There are some flowers in the basket. 3.There is +單數(shù)主語+and+復(fù)數(shù)主語如： There is a mouse and two pens on the deak. 4.There are+復(fù)數(shù)主語+and+單數(shù)主語如：There are two pens and a mouseon the desk.1.主語（第三人稱單數(shù)）+has+如： She has many new clothes. Tom has a nice feather. 2.第一、二人稱單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)主語+have+如:You have some good firends but they have few.劃線提問不同1.對主語提問一律用Whats+某地/某時(shí)？結(jié)構(gòu)，其中謂語動詞須用is，且there要省略。如：There are some pictures on the wall.-Whats on the wall? 2.對地點(diǎn)提問要用Where is/are there?如：There is a black car under the tree.-Where is there a black car? 3.對主語的數(shù)量提問要用How many+主語（復(fù)數(shù)）+are there?/How much+主語（不可數(shù)）+is there?如： Therere three people in my family. -How many people are there in your family? Theres some rice in the bag.-How much rice is there in the bag?1.對主語提問要用Who/has/have+?如： Mary has a sweater.-Who has a sweater? We have new brooms.-Who hsve new brooms? 2.對賓語提問要用What have/has+主語？/What do does+主語+have?如： My father has a big farm . What has your father?/ What does your father have? 3.對賓語的數(shù)量提問用How many+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+have/has+主語？/How much+不可數(shù)名詞+have/has+主語？或How many +復(fù)數(shù)名詞+do/does+主語+have?/How much+不可數(shù)名詞+do/does+主語+have?如：I have two pictures.-How many pictures do you have?/How many pictures have you?注意there be結(jié)構(gòu)在改為否定或疑問句時(shí)，一般將some改為any.如：There are some dishes on the desk.-There arent any dishes on the desk./Are there any dishes on the desk?have 句型在改為否定句時(shí)，也應(yīng)將 some 改為 any. 如： She has some fruit.-She hasnt/doesnt have any fruit./Has she any fruit?/Does she have any fruit?注：在表示 附屬于某物/某處的東西時(shí)，there be結(jié)構(gòu)與have句型都可以用。如： There are four windows in the classroom =The classroom has four windows. The house has eighteen floors.=There are eighteen floors in the house.Topic 2 I am your new neighbor.一、詞匯：1. look for尋找2. a parking lot停車場 3. at the street corner在街道的拐角4. play the piano彈鋼琴5. knock at（the door）敲（門）6. hear sb. doing sth.聽到某人正在做某事7. at the end of 在的盡頭；在的末尾8. in the suburbs在郊外；在郊區(qū)9. according to按照二、句型:1. Whats your home like?你的家什么樣？like用作動詞時(shí)意為“喜歡”，用作介詞時(shí)意為“像”，常用短語：be like, look like2. Im looking for a grocery store.我正在找一家雜貨店。look for 尋找。強(qiáng)調(diào)尋找的動作；find找到，發(fā)現(xiàn)。強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果；find out著重指通過分析、調(diào)查等弄清或杳明一件事情Are you looking for your pen? Yes, I am.你在找你的鋼筆嗎？是的。Can you help me find my bike?你能幫我找到自行車嗎？Please find out who broke the window.請找出是誰把窗戶打破的？3.There is one in front of our building.我們的樓前有一家（雜貨店）。 in front of 在的前面（在范圍之外的前面） in the front of在的前面（在范圍內(nèi)的前面） There is a tree in front of the classroom.教室前面有一棵樹。（樹在教室外）The teacher is standing in the front of the classroom.老師站在教室的前面。（老師在教室里）4.Whats the matter?怎么了？（出什么事了？） 類似的表達(dá)法還有：Whats up?/Whats wrong?/Whats going on?5.People enjoy living in a house with a lawn and a garden.人們喜歡住帶有草坪和花園的房子。 enjoy doing sth.喜歡、享受做某事。Enjoy后接名詞或動詞的ing形式，如： He enjoys reading novels.他喜歡讀小說。6.I hear you playing the piano beautifully.我聽見你彈鋼琴很動聽。 hear sb. doing sth.聽到某人正在做某事。如：. I hear them singing songs in the next room.我聽到他們正在隔壁房間唱歌。 7.Hello, this is Mrs. Wang speaking.喂，我是王太太。電話用語，不用I和you, 而用this和that。如：This is Mary (speaking).我是瑪麗。 Whos that (speaking)?你是誰？ 8. The kitchen fan doesnt work.廚房的排氣扇不工作了。 work進(jìn)行順利，起作用，（機(jī)器）正常運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)。 如：My clock doesnt work.我的鐘不走了。Topic 3 Is there a supermarket around here?一、 詞匯：1. thousands of成千上萬的 a public phone公用電話 2. get to到達(dá) the way to the station去車站的路3. be far from遠(yuǎn)離 traffic lights交通燈4. across from在（街，路等）的對面 betweenand在和之間5. the information desk咨詢處 on the left在左邊；on the right在右邊二、句型:1. Excuse me, how can I get to the library?勞駕，去圖書館怎么走？2. Turn right at the second turn.在第二個(gè)拐彎處向右拐。(1) turn right（left）= turn to the right (left)向右(左)拐(2) turn (turning)名詞，拐彎處 at the first turning在第一個(gè)拐彎處(3) Turn right at the second turn. =Take the second turning on the right.3. Thank you anyway.仍然（還是）要謝謝你。類似的還有：Thank you all the same./Thank you anyhow.4. You need to take No. 718 bus here.你需要乘718路公共汽車。need作行為動詞時(shí)，意為“需要，需求”，有人稱、數(shù)和時(shí)態(tài)的變化。need to do sth. 需要做某事，如：You need to have a good rest.你需要好好休息。 need還可作情態(tài)動詞，意為“必要，需要”，后接動詞原形，常用作否定形式neednt，意為“不必”，如：You neednt drive so fast.你不必開得這么快。5. Every year thousands of people get hurt or die in road accidents.每年成千上萬的人在交通事故中受傷或死亡。hundred和thousand等表示數(shù)目的詞前如果有確切的數(shù)字，這些詞不用復(fù)數(shù)形式，后面直接跟名詞；如果本身表示模糊的概念，這些詞用復(fù)數(shù)且后跟of才能再接名詞，如：two hundred books兩百本書hundreds of books成百上千本書five thousand trees五千棵樹thousands of trees 成千上萬棵樹6. If everyone obeys the rules, the roads will be much safer.如果人人都遵守交通規(guī)則的話，道路交通就會變得更加安全。(1) much safer安全得多 much用在比較級前，強(qiáng)調(diào)程度。類似的還有a little等。 The earth is much bigger the moon.地球比月亮大得多。Are you feeling much better today?你今天覺得好點(diǎn)了嗎？Tom is a little taller than his mother.湯姆比他媽媽高一點(diǎn)兒。(2) if 連詞，意為“如果，假如”If you are hungry ,you can buy some food in the shop.如果你餓了，你可以在店里買點(diǎn)食物。If he comes , I will tell you .如果他來了，我就告訴你。三、語言點(diǎn)：1. 英語中常見的問路方法有:(1) Is there a near here?(2) Where is the ,please ?(3) Do you know the way to ,please?(4) Which is the way to ,please?(5) How can I get to ?(6) Can you tell me the way to?(7) Can you find the way to ?(8) I want to go to .Do you know the way?2. 英語中常見的指路方法有:Its over there . Its next to the Its across from Its behind the Its between and Walk/Go along this street.Its about meters from here. Take the first turning on the left.Walk on and turn right.Unit 7 The Birthday PartyTopic1 Can you dance?一、詞匯：1. Happy Birthday!生日快樂！ take photos拍照2. work out作出，解決 how about/what about如何，怎樣3. fly kites放風(fēng)箏 row a boat劃船4. perform ballet 表演芭蕾舞 dance the disco跳迪斯科5. make model planes做飛機(jī)模型 draw pictures畫畫6. show sb. sth.給某人看某物 two years ago兩年前7. be in hospital（生?。┳≡憾?、句型:1. What are you going to perform at Kangkangs birthday party?你打算在康康的生日晚會上表演什么？“be going to+動詞原形”的句型常用來表示打算、準(zhǔn)備做某事或即將發(fā)生或肯定要發(fā)生某事，be是助動詞，有人稱和數(shù)的變化，如：He is going to have a swim this afternoon.2. What about /How about +名詞、代詞或動名詞，意為“怎么樣？”常用來表示對的看法，或表示建議、詢問的方式，如：How/What about sitting here to look at the moon?坐在這兒賞月怎么樣？3. I only can sing English songs.我只會唱英文歌曲。（情態(tài)動詞can的用法）They couldnt sing any English songs two years ago.兩年前他們不會唱英文歌曲。一段時(shí)間+ago：表示在時(shí)間以前，如：three months ago三個(gè)月以前4.What will you buy for Kangkang as a birthday present?你要給康康買什么禮物？“will+動詞原形”表將來。5.I can play the guitar.Topic2 When is your birthday?一、詞匯：1.first of all首先2.have a birthday party舉行生日晚會（聚會）3.have a special dinner吃一頓特殊的晚餐4.forget to do sth.忘記去做某事5.Thats a good idea!真是好主意！6.make a cake做蛋糕7.be born出生8.the shape of 的形狀9.Im afraid我恐怕，我擔(dān)心二、 句型:1. When is your birthday, Kangkang?康康，你的生日是什么時(shí)候？May the eighteenth.五月十八日?！皐hen”可以就年、月、日和鐘點(diǎn)進(jìn)行提問，而“what time”只能就鐘點(diǎn)進(jìn)行提問。英語中日期有幾種表示方法：a.把月份寫在日期前面，這通常是美國寫法。如：March 21st,2001 讀作March the twenty-first, two thousand and one(2001年3月21日)b.先寫日子，再寫月份和年，這通常是英國寫法。如:：21st March,2001讀作the twenty-first of March, two thousand and one2. -I beg its going to be fun.我敢斷定肯定有趣。-You bet.當(dāng)然了。3. What day is it today? Its Friday.詢問星期用What day? 回答用It如：What day is it today? Its Wednesday. 或Today is Wednesday.4. Whats the date today? Its May 21st,2004.詢問日期用Whats the date?如：Whats the date the day afternoon?5. Tomorrow is your moms birthday.名詞所有格表示名詞之間的所屬關(guān)系。一般有兩種表示方式，一種是在名詞后加 s 構(gòu)成，一種是用 of 所有格。(1) 表示有生命的人或物的名詞，在詞尾加 s 來表示從屬關(guān)系，如： Marys school bag my sisters cat (2) 以 s 結(jié)尾的名詞，表示所有格只在后面加, 如：the boys game the teachers chairs