新編大學英語教案(第二冊)_Unit 8 Money.doc

Unit Eight MoneyTeaching Objectives1. To understand the relationship between money and happiness/ crime; 2. To learn to form a proper attitude towards money;3. Enable the students to learn to make the best use of the money from their parents; 4. Some important new words and phrases should be mastered.Teaching allotment6 academic hours.1) 1-2 Preparation2) 3-4 In-Class Reading: Time Spent Agonizing over Money3) 5-6 After-Class Reading & Exercises Focus Points1. Key words, phrases & usages:action, affect, afford, bankrupt, breed, consume, contribute, depart, evil, factor, financial, founder, fund, govern, industrial, invention, journal, labor, lamb, lest, miserable, patent, purchase, rare, raw, spin, stock, sum, thirst, vacation, wealthy2. Difficult sentences1. Within hours of a recent major stock market drop, I telephoned my Ford dealer and ordered the station wagon that I test-drove the day before. 2. A study in The Wall Street Journal found that 70 percent of the public lives from paycheck to paycheck.3. It is an unusual person who can live free from financial stress, or who can spend money on others as easily as he spends it on himself.4. Had the great inventor stored his money, he would have died a wealthy man.5. Money may not be the root of all evil, but if it keeps us up at night, it has become way too important in our lives.3. Grammar focus關于as 引導的定語從句（2）; “It be adjective nounthat”句型; 主語的補語Methods of Teaching1) Using multi-media teaching equipment（應用多媒體教學手段）2) Group-Discussion（分組討論）3) Debating (辯論金錢是否是萬能的？)I. Related Information: Cultural InformationNormally we think of money as the coins and paper notes that are used as a standard medium of exchange or payment within any particular country. Great Britain has the pound, France has the franc, China has the Yuan, and the United States the dollar. But in all technologically advanced societies, there are now many different kinds of money. Wealth is not only measured by the amount of coins and paper notes that we possess but also by various types of assets. Aside from, real estate and other forms of material wealth like paintings or jewelry, some people can also own stocks and bonds. The resources of a company are divided into portions or shares that are issued in the form of transferable certificates called stocks. If a company does well, the profits are divided among stockholders. If a government or a company wants to borrow money, it can issue bonds or certificates of debt that promise to pay back by a certain date the money borrowed plus interest. The risk factor is much higher in stocks. Bonds provide a safer form of investment but they are less profitable. Both stocks and bonds are bought and sold on the stock market. There have always been moral issues related to money. Some societies regarded lavish spending as morally wrong, while others considered lending money at a high rate of interest as a social crime. Many stories have been written on the misers greed for money. According to bible, “the love of money is the root of all evil.” The famous playwright, George Bernard Shaw state that, in the final analysis, it was not the love but the lack of money that was the root of all evil. While it is true that money causes all kinds of problems, it is equally true that in todays society it is a necessary evil.Key Words Related to the Text1. Bible: The holy book of the Christian, consisting of the Old Testament and New Testament.2. Bernard Shaw(1856-1950): great Irishborn English dramatist, critic and essayist.II. Suggested Class Activities: I. Warming-up Activity:Values on Money Purpose: Getting to know the real value of money Form: Group discussion and individual statementStep 1; work in pairs to discuss respective views on moneyStep 2: report the results to the class: you way of getting and spending moneyStep 3: concluding remarks given by the teacher making full use of the money you haveSuggested words /expressionsLabor at/spend money as water flows/money makes the world go around Reminds: try to guide the students to develop a right attitude towards moneyII. Activity for further development: Is money the No.1 in your life? Purpose: Teach them to make good use of money Form: Group discussion and individual statement Step 1: Work in groups to discuss what kind of role money plays in your life Step 2: Reports your ideas to the class the importance of money and try to analyze whether money is the most important thing in the world. Step 3: The teacher may put forward the opposite viewIs money the root of all evils (P.142.3.(2).Suggested words/expressions:Set a goal/.living style/luxury . What begins as something we want turns into something we need.III. Further development: IV. In-Class ReadingWords and phrases1. affect v. have an influence on (sb or sth ); produce an effect oneffect n. result or influencee.g. Alcohol affects drivers concentration.Alcohol has very bad effect on drivers.2. agonize v. suffer great anxiety or worry intensely (about something); agonize over/about : If you agonize over/ about sth, you spend time anxiously trying to make a decision about it. e.g. She agonized for days about whether she should accept his proposal.We agonized over/about his wound.agony n. extreme mental or physical suffering (a state/feeling of ) extreme physical or mental pain /sufferinge.g. The man injured in the explosion lay screaming in agony.He is in an agony of doubt/ indecision/ suspense. agonized adj. expressing agony 表示痛苦的e.g. He gave out an agonized cry. (showing extreme physical pain)She gave him an agonized look. (extremely anxious)agonizing adj. causing agony 使人痛苦的e.g. The sudden pain above his heart was agonizing. (extremely painful)They are faced with an agonizing decision. (causing extremely anxiety)注：此處情況與第課教案第處相同，是否需要詳細講解？3. amass v. gather together or collect (money, goods, power, information ,etc.) in great amounts, usually over a long period 尤指大量的積累辨析：amass, assemble, accumulate, hoard, compileaccumulate: gradually gather together an increasing number or quantity of sth. 含義與amass相似，均指長期、大量的積累, 但accumulate側重于時間長，amass側重于數(shù)量大.assemble: bring (parts) together in a single group or place, or (of parts) to come together like this. 集合，聚集，收集，側重于把每個部分聚集起來成為一個整體。hoard: collect something and store it away, collect (large amounts of sth ) & keep in a safe often secret place.儲藏積聚，尤其指囤積糧食、緊俏商品或將錢財、貴重物品收藏于秘密地點 hoard sth. (up)compile: collect (information) from a variety of places & arrange it in a book, report or list.e.g. They amassed enough evidence to ensure his conviction.It took them ten years to accumulate evidence to ensure his conviction.By investing wisely, she amass/accumulated a fortune.When the fire alarm rang we assembled outside the emergency exit.She assembled a fascinating collection of dolls houses.This millionaire hoarded cash in Switzerland in the 2nd World War. The miser hoarded up treasure under his bed.Were compiling some facts &figures for a documentary on the subject.4. aspire v. have a strong ambition to achieve something 渴望成就某事，對某事物有雄心/野心aspiring adj. 有抱負的aspiration n. strong desire or ambitionaspirant n. 辨析：aspire, desire, thirst詞義：三者都有渴望得到或成就某事物的含義，desire程度最輕，表示一種“希望、愿望”；aspire含有“雄心勃勃或富有野心”的意思，多表示渴望得到權勢、錢財、知識或實現(xiàn)某種事業(yè)；thirst表示“渴望”的程度最重，與aspire有相似之處，也可用于“渴望復仇”等。用法：v. aspire after/to sth；n. aspiration (for/after sth.)v. desire+noun/to do sth；n. desire (for sth./to do sth.)v. thirst for sthe.g. He aspires after wealth and power.Aspirants to positions of power are prepared to do almost anything to fulfill their ambitions.He is an aspiring young man who aspires to science.Her aspirations to help others come from her own misfortunes when she was a child.He has aspirations to be a scientist.We all desire happiness and health.I desire nothing other than to be left in peace.The President desires to meet the new Prime Minister.They have little desire for power.These village students thirst for knowledge.Hamlet thirsted for revenge.5. consume v. use time, energy, goods, etc. up; destroy (sb./sth.) completely by fire, decay, etc.; (fig.)feel the thoughts or feelings continuously, especially in a damaging way辨析：spend v. spend sth (on sth) give/pay out (money) for goods, services, etcspend sth (on sth/in doing sth) use (time, etc) for a purpose; use sth up, exhaust sthe.g. America consumes a lot of fuel every year.They soon consumed their fortune.The wooden hut was soon consumed by the fire.He was consumed with envy.She spends all her money on clothes.We spent our energy cleaning the place up.I have spent all my time in working this afternoon.Fire consume/ the whole building .consumables pl. n. goods, esp. food, or services which people buy regularly because theyre quickly used & need to be replaced quite often.e.g. In hospital, bandages, surgical stockings &gloves are all consumables.consumer n. person buying goods /services for their ownconsumer durables goods that last a long time & are not intended to be bought very frequently.consumerism n. state of advanced industrial society in which a lot of goods are bought & sold, or disapproving) the state in which too much attention is given to buying & owning thingse.g. He dislikes Christmas time & its extreme consumerism.consuming adj. very stronge.g. Running is a consuming passion with him-its his whole lifeconsumption n. the amount used/ eatene.g. reduce fat consumptioncut down fuel consumption(fig)This memo is for internal consumption only.6. contribute v. help to cause sth contribute to sth：give (money, support, help, ideas) towards a particular aim or purpose contribute (sth) (to/towards sth) contributor n. person who gives (money to a fund) writes things such as articles or stories for a book/ magazine/ newspaper.contribution n. action of contribution contribute (to/towards sth)contributory adj. helping to cause sth; paid for by contributionse.g. Smoking contributes to lung cancer.He likes to contribute something to the community that has given so much to him.At the back of the program, there is a list of contributors to the theatre appeal. This invention made a major contribution to road safety.This novel is his greatest contribution to Spanish literature. Too little exercise is a contributory factor of heart disease.7. dealer n. 商人辨析：dealer, trader, merchantThey are all people who earn money from selling goods. A dealer sells especially individual objects and has a specialized knowledge of these; it is also used of sb. who buys and sells illegally. 專門出售某類商品并對此有專業(yè)知識的商人；也可指從事非法買賣者。A trader works informally and casually selling household goods, etc, especially in a market; A trader can also be a company buying and selling internationally 在市場中出售日用百貨的小商人，通常是非正式性和臨時性的工作；也可指從事國際貿(mào)易的公司。A merchant sells particular (often imported) goods in large quantities 大批量出售某種（進口）貨物的商人。e.g. He is an antique/drug dealer.He is a market trader.This company is an international trader in wine.Hes a coal merchant.8. elusive adj. difficult to catch, find or remember elude v. fml escape from, esp. by a clever trick or (of information) to be difficult for sb to find or remember. elusively adv. elusiveness n. e.g. They eluded the police by fleeing to America.These GRE are very elusive to me.7. labor v. do hard physical work; do sth slowly with physical or mental difficultye.g. Shes been laboring for hours. Rescue teams were laboring to free those trapped.She has been laboring over this composition for hours.8. lest conj. (fml) in order to prevent any possibility that (sth will happen); for fear that; in order thatnot惟恐，以免，為不使。e.g. Lest you think the movie is too violent, I must assure you that it is not. He ran away lest he should be seen.近義：(just) in case () because of the possibility of sth happening 因為可能發(fā)生某事，萬一，以防萬一。e.g. It may turn cold, youd better take a sweater in case.區(qū)別：前者是為了避免某事的發(fā)生；后者是為了面對某事的發(fā)生。9. miserable adj. very unhappy or uncomfortable; causing unhappiness by being unpleasant. misery n. great suffering or discomfort (of mind or body); painful happening; a person who is often unhappy & complaining .e.g. The poor led a miserable living in the slums.He made her life miserable./He made her life a misery.Drought has brought misery & death to the area . Hes been such a misery since she left him.(fig) We try to put our students out of their misery & give then their exam results as soon as possible.10. mortgage n. a loan obtained the conveyance of property as a security. v. mortgage sth (to sb) (for sth) 把某物（以代價）（向某人或機構）作抵押mortgagee n. person or firm which gives mortgage to people 承受抵押者mortgagor n. person who borrows money in a mortgage agreement 抵押者e.g. repay the mortgage.償還抵押款The house was mortgaged to the bank for one million yuan. 注: mortgagor是接受抵押品借出貸款的人，mortgagee是抵押物品得到貸款的人。后綴-er或-or表示動作的執(zhí)行者或施事者，-ee表示承受此動作的人。與此相似的情況如:employ v. - employer n.- employee erview v. - interviewer n - interviewee n.train v. - trainer n. - trainee n11. net v. earn a particular amount of money as a profit after taxes have been paidadj. remaining when nothing more is to be taken awaye.g. The lawyer netted one million dollars from this case. 反義：gross v. make sth as a total amount, earn an amount of money before taxes have been paid adj. total, whole (attrib)e.g. Spielbergs movie grossed about one billion dollars.gross weight/profit/incomephrases1. all but:(1)almost: e.g. The couple all but quarreled because of that misunderstanding(2)everyone except: e.g. All but President attended the party2. cut back on: reduce something greatly, esp. to save moneye.g. Their living spending was cut back in the 1930s.近義：cut down: reduce the amount or quantity of sth; consume, use or buy sth lesse.g. They decided to cut down their expenses on clothes.3. dogood: benefite.g. This schedule did a lot of good to the poors living condition.do no good: be useless; not to profit/ avail.e.g. It did no good to give him any advice.1. for that matter : used to say that what you are saying about one thing is also true about that 關于那件事e.g. I dont know him, and for that matter, I dont care.5. have to do with(1) be about; be connected with; be on the subject of(2) know/ be a friend of; work/ have business withe.g. All the evidence pointed out that he had something to do with the case.The father seriously forbids his daughter to have anything to do with such guys.6. in ( the ) light of(1) in views of , considering something, because of(2) from the standpoint of 從的觀點e.g. He delayed his travel in light of the heavy rainHe views clothes changes in light of history point of view7. keepup: prevent sb from going to bede.g. Their arrival kept the couple up.8. plough/plow back: put money (youve) earned back into a business in order to make the business bigger & more successful; reinvest profits etc(in a business)e.g. He plowed all the profits back into the business.9. point out: direct attention to something; show; Language points1. Within hours of a recent major stock market drop, I telephoned my Ford dealer and ordered the station wagon that I test-drove the day before.Paraphrase: During hours of a recent major stock market drop, I called a Ford dealer to request to buy the car I drove the day beforeTranslation: 在最近一次股市大跌的幾小時內(nèi)，我打電話給我的福特汽車商，訂購了我前一天試開過的旅行車。Explanation: within=during the period of; test-drove, drive in a car as a test of qualities, worth, etc.2. A study in The Wall Street Journal found that 70 percent of the public lives from paycheck to paycheck.Paraphrase: A research in the Wall Street Journal show that 70 percent of people have just enough money to live on and little to save.Translation: 華爾街日報的一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，百分之七十的公眾的工資收入僅夠開銷，毫無剩余。Explanation: paycheck: a check in payment of wages; from paycheck to paycheck: from the pay-day to next pay-day3. It is an unusual person who can live free from financial stress, or who can spend money on others as easily as he spends it on himself.Paraphrase: If a person can live without caring of money or he can spend money for others interests, he is different from the others.Translation: 能夠不受經(jīng)濟困擾而生活的人，或能把錢花在別人身上就象花在自己身上那么自由自在的人，是不尋常的人。Explanation: “It” here is a referring pronoun, it refers to the person mentioned below; there are two attributive clauses in the sentence to modify “an unusual person”, in fact they just function as conditional clauses. 4. Had the great inventor stored his money, he would have died a wealthy man.Paraphrase: If the great inventor saved all of his money, he must have been a rich man when he died.Translation: 如果這位大發(fā)明家把他的錢積蓄起來，到去世的時候他就是以為富翁了。Explanation: This sentence, in fact, is a subjunctive conditional clause, in which “if” is omitted and “had” is put at the beginning of the sentence. Similar use: If it should rain, I would not go. Should it rain, I would not go. If it were to rain, I would not go. Were it to rain, I would not go.5. Money may not be the root of all evil, but if it keeps us up at night, it has become way too important in our lives.Paraphrase: Money may not be the origin of all evil, but if we cannot go to sleep at night because of worrying about money, it is a big burden to our lives.Translation: 金錢也許并不是萬惡之源，但是如果它使我們夜不能寐，那他在我們生活中所占的分量就太重了。Explanation: keep sb. up=make sb. stay upOrganizationPart One (Para.1Para 5) Beginning with his own experience, th