2019年高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)2.1Culturalrelics講含解析.docx

2.1 Cultural relics單元知識預(yù)覽項(xiàng)目單詞及其詞性變化（語法填空必備）重點(diǎn)單詞1valuable adj.貴重的；有價(jià)值的value n價(jià)值 v估價(jià)invaluable adj.無法估價(jià)的，無價(jià)的2survive vi.幸免；生幸存還survivor n幸存者survival n幸存，存活3amaze vt.使吃驚；驚訝amazing adj.令人吃驚的amazed adj.感到吃驚的amazement n驚奇，驚異4select vt.挑選；選擇selective adj.有選擇性的5design n設(shè)計(jì)；圖案；構(gòu)思vt.設(shè)計(jì)；計(jì)劃；構(gòu)思designer n設(shè)計(jì)者6decorate v裝飾；裝修decoration n裝飾，裝飾物7jewel n珠寶；寶石jewellery n珠寶(總稱)8remove vt.移動(dòng)；搬開removal n移動(dòng)；排除9doubt n懷疑；疑惑vt.懷疑；不信doubtful adj.懷疑的10former adj.以前的；從前的11worth prep.值得的，相當(dāng)于的價(jià)值n.價(jià)值；作用adj.古值錢的12evidence n根據(jù)；證據(jù)evident adj.明顯的；有線索的13explode vi.爆炸explosion n爆炸14entrance n入口15sink vi.下沉；沉下16debate n爭論；辯論vi.爭論；辯論重點(diǎn)短語1in search of 尋找2belong to 屬于3in return 作為報(bào)答4at war 處于交戰(zhàn)狀態(tài)5less than 少于6take apart 拆開7think highly of 看重；器重8serve as 充當(dāng)；擔(dān)任9be of the fancy style 風(fēng)格奇特的10rather than 而不是經(jīng)典句型（高考書面表達(dá)必備）1Frederick William I, the King of Prussia, could never have imagined that his greatest gift to the Russian people would have such an amazing history.普魯士國王腓特烈威廉一世永遠(yuǎn)想象不到，他贈(zèng)給俄羅斯人民的最厚重的禮物會(huì)有這樣一段令人驚訝的歷史。2There is no doubt that the boxes were then put on a train. 毫無疑問，這些箱子后來被裝上火車3After that, what happened to the Amber Room remains a mystery. 從那以后，琥珀屋的最終所歸便成了一個(gè)謎。必備語法（高級句型）定語從句晨讀范文背誦2018云南省師范大學(xué)附屬中學(xué)高三第八次月考假定你是Robert國際學(xué)校的學(xué)生李華，在即將畢業(yè)離開學(xué)校之際，代表所有畢業(yè)生在畢業(yè)歡送會(huì)上發(fā)言。內(nèi)容包括:1. 向?qū)W校和老師表示感謝;2. 對同學(xué)的祝愿。注意:1. 詞數(shù)100左右;2. 可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié), 以使行文連貫;3. 開頭和結(jié)尾已給出, 不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。【參考范文】Good morning, dear teachers and friends, Im Li Hua. Today I am honored to represent us graduates to deliver a speech. Firstly, Id like to extend our heartfelt thanks to the teachers for your help and guidance in the past three years. Without your guidance and encouragement, we couldnt have made such great progress. Now we have not only had a good command of all the subjects, but also learned how to get along with each other and how to be a responsible person. What a good time! To repay you, we should work harder to serve the people and society better in the future. Next, as for my friends, I want to express my best wishes. I sincerely hope you can make great achievements in your future life and career. Thanks again. And all the best to my friends.語言知識精析重點(diǎn)單詞精講考點(diǎn)1survive vt. 在之后仍然生存；逃生；比活得長vi. 活下來；幸存【教材原句】Is it enough to have survived for a long time？(P1)它存留很長時(shí)間就足夠了嗎？【例句研讀】(1)It was lucky that the boy survived the fire.很幸運(yùn)，這個(gè)男孩得以從大火中_。（1）逃生(2)She survived her husband by ten years.（2）多活了她比她丈夫_十年。(3)Many strange customs have survived from earlier times.（3）源遠(yuǎn)流長有許多古怪的習(xí)俗_。【歸納拓展】survival n. 存活，幸存survivor n. 幸存者survive sb. (by) 比某人活得長(幾年)survive sth. 幸免于某事survive on sth. 靠存活下來survive from sth. 從存活下來；流傳下來【即時(shí)鞏固】There are concerns that the beggars in the street may not the freezing winter.AsurviveB liveCsufferDexperience【答案】A考點(diǎn)2design n設(shè)計(jì)；圖案；構(gòu)思 vt. 設(shè)計(jì)；計(jì)劃；構(gòu)思【教材原句】The design of the room was in the fancy style popular in those days.(P1)琥珀屋的設(shè)計(jì)采用了當(dāng)時(shí)流行的別致的建筑式樣?！纠溲凶x】(1)They have designed a lot of advanced electric equipment.他們_許多先進(jìn)的電子設(shè)備。（1）已設(shè)計(jì)了(2)The experiment is designed to test the new drug._是試驗(yàn)新藥。（2）實(shí)驗(yàn)的目的(3)These books are primarily designed for the use of beginners.這些書主要是供初學(xué)的人_。（3）使用的(4)She attended a school of dress design.她就讀于一所_學(xué)校。（4）服裝設(shè)計(jì)【歸納拓展】by designon purpose 有意，故意have designs on/upon sth. (money/life) 圖謀(錢、生命等)be designed for sb./sth.be designed to do sth.be designed as sth.為某目的或用途【即時(shí)鞏固】完成句子1.這個(gè)項(xiàng)目是為窮人設(shè)計(jì)的。The project the poor.2.這個(gè)項(xiàng)目為賺錢而設(shè)計(jì)。The project make money.3. 她剛好在我們正要離開時(shí)到達(dá)，但我不能肯定這是出于偶然還是有意安排。She arrived just as we were leaving，but whether this was by accident or _/on purpose Im not sure.4. 這些運(yùn)動(dòng)是為增強(qiáng)肌肉力量而設(shè)計(jì)的。(朗文P507)These exercises _strengthen muscles.【答案】1.is designed for2.is designed to 3. by design 4. are designed to考點(diǎn)3fancy adj. 奇怪的；異樣的vt. 想象；設(shè)想；愛好n想象力；幻想；愛好【教材原句】The design of the room was in the fancy style popular in those days.(P1)琥珀屋的設(shè)計(jì)采用了當(dāng)時(shí)流行的別致的建筑式樣。【例句研讀】(1)Do you fancy going out this evening？今晚你_出去？（1）想不想(2)She fancied herself(as/to be) a famous actress.她_是個(gè)有名的演員。（2）自以為(3)She fancied that she was being followed.她_好像自己被跟蹤了。（3）覺得【歸納拓展】fancy oneself (as sth.) 自命不凡；自負(fù)fancyn.(to be)/asn. 認(rèn)為是fancy (ones) doing 想象(某人)做某事have a fancy for 愛好catch/take ones fancy 合某人的心意；吸引某人take a fancy to sb./sth. 喜歡上/愛上某人/某物【即時(shí)鞏固】He usually appears to be honest.Who can fancy such a thing?Ahis doB his doingChis to do D doing【答案】B【解析】fancy sb.s doing sth.想象某人做某事?？键c(diǎn)4doubt n. 懷疑；疑惑vt. 懷疑；不信【教材原句】There is no doubt that the boxes were then put on a train for Konigsberg，which was at that time a German city on the Baltic Sea.(P2)毫無疑問，這些箱子后來被裝上火車運(yùn)往哥尼斯堡，它是當(dāng)時(shí)德國在波羅的海邊的一個(gè)城市?！纠溲凶x】(1)_ they will agree with you on this matter.毫無疑問，他們在這件事上會(huì)同意你的意見的。(2)_ their football team will win the match.他們的足球隊(duì)會(huì)不會(huì)贏得這場比賽還不能肯定。(3)I dont doubt_ he can finish the task on time.我相信他能按時(shí)完成任務(wù)。(1)There is no doubt that(2)There is some doubt whether(3)that【歸納拓展】doubtful adj. 懷疑的beyond/out of doubt 毫無疑問地；確實(shí)地in doubt 不肯定；不確定no doubt 無疑地；很可能without doubt 無疑地；確實(shí)地I dont doubt that.我確信I doubt whether (if).我懷疑是否There is no doubt thatclauseabout.毫無疑問注意：doubt 在肯定句中用 whether或 if引導(dǎo)從句，但在疑問句和否定句中用 that引導(dǎo)從句?！炯磿r(shí)鞏固】根據(jù)漢語意思完成句子(1)I doubt_ they can swim across the river.我懷疑他們能否游過河去。(2)This meeting has been, _ , one of the most useful we have had so far.這無疑是我們迄今為止最有用的一次會(huì)議。(1)whether(2)without doubt考點(diǎn)5worth prep. 值得的；相當(dāng)于的價(jià)值n價(jià)值；作用 adj. 值錢的【教材原句】In groups discuss：Is it worth rebuilding lost cultural relics such as the Amber Room or Yuan Ming Yuan in Beijing？(P2)分組討論：重建遺失的文化遺產(chǎn)，如琥珀屋和北京的圓明園是值得的嗎？【例句研讀】(1)The trip was expensive but it was worth every penny.這次旅行花費(fèi)很大，但是花的_。(1)每一分錢都不冤枉(2)The book is well worth reading.這本書_。(2)很值得一讀(3)The article is worthy of careful study./of being studied carefully./to be studied carefully. 這篇文章_仔細(xì)研究。(3)值得【歸納拓展】be worthn.“值”(僅限于少數(shù)表示錢數(shù)或某種代價(jià)的比喻性名詞)be (well) worth doing “(很)值得做”(用 well修飾；用動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)式表示被動(dòng)含義)be worthy ofn.ofbeing done值得做某事to be doneIt is worthwhileto do sth.doing sth.做某事是值得的另外：worthy 可用做前置定語，表示“有價(jià)值的；可敬的”，而 worth不能做前置定語。如：a worthy gentleman 一位可敬的紳士。【即時(shí)鞏固】用worth/worthy/worthwhile填空This secondhand car is $2，000 at the most.Guangzhou is to be visited.It is to go to the Summer Palace for a visit.【答案】worthworthyworthwhile考點(diǎn)6select vt.挑選；選擇【教材原句】The amber which was selected had a beautiful yellowbrown colour like honey.(P1)選出來的琥珀色彩艷麗，呈現(xiàn)蜂蜜一樣的黃褐色。【例句研讀】He taught us how to select seeds.他教我們怎樣選種。She lets her son select his own Christmas present.她讓兒子自己選擇圣誕禮物?！練w納拓展】select.for.為而挑選select.from.從中挑選【即時(shí)鞏固】The players from the whole country are expected to bring us honor in this summer game.AselectingB to selectCselectedD having selected【答案】C【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞做定語的用法，select修飾players，為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，只有C選項(xiàng)表被動(dòng)。重點(diǎn)短語精講考點(diǎn)1in search ofin ones search for 尋找；搜尋【教材原句】IN SEARCH OF THE AMBER ROOM(P1)尋找琥珀屋【例句研讀】(1)They started off at once _ the missing girl.他們立即出發(fā)，尋找失蹤的女孩。(2)The police _ her _ drugs.警察搜查她，看她身上是否有毒品。(3)We have been _ the lost boy all over.我們一直在到處找那失蹤的男孩。(4)He _ the book and gave it to me.他找出那本書給了我。(5)He _ (through) his pockets _ a cigarette.他把自己的口袋找遍了，想找到一根香煙。 (1)in search of(2)searched. . .for(3)searching for(4)searched out(5)searched for【歸納拓展】search.for.在里面/身上搜尋search forlook forhunt for 尋找search out 找出某人或某物search through 把仔細(xì)搜尋一遍make a search for.搜查，搜尋拓展：in honour of 為了紀(jì)念；為向表示敬意in praise of 歌頌；表揚(yáng)in memory of 為紀(jì)念in favour of 贊同，支持in place of 代替in charge of 負(fù)責(zé)in possession of 擁有in control of 控制in face of 面對in need/want of 需要【即時(shí)鞏固】完成句子他們立刻啟程去尋找那個(gè)走失的女孩。They started off at once the missing girl.They started off at once the missing girl.他們到處尋找那個(gè)人。They that man everywhere.They that man everywhere.【答案】in search of；to search forsearch for；are in search of考點(diǎn)2belong to 屬于；為的一員【教材原句】However，the next king of Prussia，F(xiàn)rederick William ，to whom the amber room belonged，decided not to keep it.(P12)然而，下一位普魯士國王，腓特烈威廉一世，這個(gè)琥珀屋的主人卻決定不要它了。【例句研讀】(1)That dictionary _ the library.那本詞典是圖書館的。(2)Do you _ the trade union？你是工會(huì)會(huì)員嗎？(3)Where do these plates _？這些盤子該放在哪？(1)belongs to(2)belong to(3)belong【歸納拓展】提示：(1)belong to不用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)，也不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。(2)belong vi. “適合待在某處，放在某處”，沒有含被動(dòng)意味的過去分詞用法。(3)belongings n. 財(cái)產(chǎn)，所有物，相關(guān)事物【即時(shí)鞏固】完成句子1. Some years ago，the group _which Sparrow _was taken over by another company.幾年前，Sparrow所屬的集團(tuán)被另一家公司收購。2.As is known to us，China is a country _the Third World.眾所周知，中國是一個(gè)屬于第三世界的國家?！敬鸢浮?. to; belonged 2. belonging to考點(diǎn)3in return 作為回報(bào)；作為交換【教材原句】In return，the Czar sent him a troop of his best soldiers.(P2)作為回贈(zèng)，沙皇送給他一隊(duì)自己最好的士兵。【例句研讀】I bought him a drink in return for his help.我請他喝酒以酬謝他的幫助。He asked each of them in turn three questions.他挨個(gè)兒問他們每人三個(gè)問題。Theory is based on practice and in turn serves practice.理論的基礎(chǔ)是實(shí)踐，反過來理論又為實(shí)踐服務(wù)。【歸納拓展】in return for為作為回報(bào)without return 無賺頭；無利潤by return (接信后)立即回復(fù)return sb. sth. (return sth. to sb.) 將某物歸還某人return to some place/life 回到某地/復(fù)活【即時(shí)鞏固】He helps me with English, and I help him with Chinese Afor returnB as returnCin returnD to return【答案】C【解析】分析句意可以看出后一分句“我?guī)退麑W(xué)漢語”是對“他幫我學(xué)英語”的“回報(bào)”?？键c(diǎn)4. at war處于交戰(zhàn)狀態(tài)【教材原句】This was a time when the two countries were at war.【例句研讀】(1)The two countries have been _ for years.這兩國已經(jīng)打了好幾年仗了。(2)_ the insect looks like a dead leaf.這種昆蟲不動(dòng)時(shí)看上去像一片枯葉。(3)The countries have been _ for more than a century.這些國家和平共處已有一個(gè)多世紀(jì)了。(1)at war(2)At rest(3)at peace【歸納拓展】at work在上班at play 在玩at peace 處于和平中at school 在上學(xué)at breakfast 在吃早飯at table 在吃飯at desk 在學(xué)習(xí)at rest 靜止【即時(shí)鞏固】Leading the US womens volleyball team back to her hometown for the Beijing Olympic Games, Lang Ping felt _ when she saw some familiar faces.Aat home Bat heartCat will Dat sight【答案】A考點(diǎn)5take apart 拆開，拆散【教材原句】The old man saw some Germans taking apart the Amber Room and removing it.(P4)老人看到一些德國人拆除并移走了琥珀屋?！纠溲凶x】(1)The Germans _ the Amber Room and moved it away.德國人把琥珀屋拆開移走了。(2)John enjoys _ to see how they work.約翰喜歡拆卸東西，以研究它們的工作原理。(1)took apart(2)taking things apart【歸納拓展】拓展：apart 是副詞，“相距，相隔；分開，分離；在一邊”。還可以構(gòu)成如下短語：apart from 除以外know/tell. apart 辨認(rèn)，區(qū)別put/set sb./sth. apart (from sb./sth.)使某人/某物顯得優(yōu)越或獨(dú)特stand apart 分開站live apart 分開住be wide/far apart 相距很遠(yuǎn)【即時(shí)鞏固】Rod loves clocks.However，he never manages to put them together again.Ataking apartBgiving awayCmaking upD turning off【答案】A考點(diǎn)6think highly of 看重；器重【教材原句】【例句研讀】(1)I dont _ these socalled improvements to the town center.我對這些所謂的改善市中心的措施評價(jià)不高。(2)We all _ her.我們都很看重她。(1)think much of(2)think highly of【歸納拓展】think well/much of sb./sth. 對某人/某物評價(jià)高think badly/little/ill/lightly of sb./sth. 對某人/某物評價(jià)低(印象不好)think poorly of 不放在眼里；輕視think nothing of 輕視；認(rèn)為無所謂speak highly of 高度贊揚(yáng)speak well/ill of 說好/壞think of 想起，記得；覺得怎樣think of.as.把當(dāng)做提示：當(dāng) think highly/well/much.of用于被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，修飾動(dòng)詞的副詞應(yīng)放在動(dòng)詞之前，即：be highly/well/much thought of?！炯磿r(shí)鞏固】What do you think _ Mr Wang?He is _ thought of by us.Aof; well Babout; badlyCover; worse Dof; good【答案】A【解析】What do you think of.？句式表示：“你認(rèn)為怎么樣？”be well thought of被評價(jià)很高。經(jīng)典句型剖析考點(diǎn)1 could have done表示推測【教材原句】Frederick William I, the King of Prussia, could never have imagined that his greatest gift to the Russian people would have such an amazing history. 普魯士國王腓特烈威廉一世永遠(yuǎn)想象不到他贈(zèng)給俄羅斯人民的最厚重的禮物會(huì)有這樣一段令人驚訝的歷史?！揪浞ǚ治觥勘揪渲?could never have imagined為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表推測的用法，can和 could可以用在否定句和疑問句中，后接完成式，表示對已發(fā)生的事情的驚訝、懷疑、猜測或不相信等；或接進(jìn)行時(shí)，表示對正發(fā)生的事情的驚訝、懷疑、猜測或不相信等；或接原形，表示對現(xiàn)在或一般情況的否定推測。Could/Can he have been told the news?他被告知這個(gè)消息了嗎？He knew little about Japanese, so he couldnt have learned it. 他對日語一無所知，因此他不可能學(xué)過。The light is out. They cant be at home.燈滅著，他們現(xiàn)在不可能在家。拓展：(1)can/could主要用于否定推測；must 表推測只用于肯定句；mustnt表示“禁止；不允許”。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 can和 must表推測時(shí)，其反意疑問句的動(dòng)詞形式要依據(jù)主句中有無具體時(shí)間狀語而定。(2)could have done用于肯定句，則表示“本來能夠做到卻沒有做到”，此時(shí) could不能換成 can。It seems that he is unhappy. He must have been told the bad news.看起來他不高興，他一定已被告知這個(gè)壞消息了。He could have caught the early bus, but his bike broke down on the way.他本能夠趕上那輛早班車，但是他的自行車在路上壞了?！纠溲凶x】He couldnt have gone abroad.I saw him just now.他不可能已經(jīng)出國了。我剛才還看見他了。We knew he couldnt have paid for it，because he had no money.我們知道不可能是他付了這筆錢，因?yàn)樗麤]錢。Tom could have taken the money.He was here alone yesterday.有可能是湯姆把錢拿走了，昨天他單獨(dú)一個(gè)人在這里呆過。He could have passed the exam，but he was too careless.他本來能通過考試的，但是他太粗心了。【考點(diǎn)聚焦】情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+完成式表對過去事實(shí)的推測【即時(shí)鞏固】(1)I _have been more than six years old when the accident happened.AshouldntBcouldntCmustnt Dneednt【答案】B 【解析】本題考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法。must表推測只能用于肯定句，否定句用 cant/couldnt 代替。shouldnt have done表示“本來不該而實(shí)際上卻做了”，neednt have done表示“本來不必而實(shí)際上卻做了”，均不合題意。本句譯為：當(dāng)事故發(fā)生時(shí)我不可能超過6歲。(2)He paid for a seat, when he _ have entered free.Acould BwouldCmust Dneed【答案】A考點(diǎn)2 have賓語賓語補(bǔ)足語結(jié)構(gòu)【教材原句】Later，Catherine II had the Amber Room moved to a palace outside St Petersburg where she spent her summers.(P2)后來，葉卡捷琳娜二世派人把琥珀屋搬到圣彼得堡郊外她避暑的宮殿中?！揪浞ǚ治觥縣ad the Amber Room moved是“have賓語賓語補(bǔ)足語”結(jié)構(gòu)。If shes lucky，shell have her business plan accepted.如果她夠幸運(yùn)的話，她的商業(yè)計(jì)劃會(huì)被接受。The patient is going to have his temperature taken.這個(gè)病人準(zhǔn)備讓人量體溫。have/get sth.done可以表示：使某事被做(主語有意識的行為，可能是主語自己做，也可能是讓別人做)；遭遇，經(jīng)歷(此事違背主語的意愿)。若賓語和賓補(bǔ)之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系則用：have sb.do sth.(do強(qiáng)調(diào)做某事這一事實(shí))have sb./sth.doing(doing強(qiáng)調(diào)持續(xù)進(jìn)行某一動(dòng)作)【例句研讀】I would have him wait for me at the gate of the park.我要他在公園門口等我。Youd better have your car running slowly.你最好把車子開慢點(diǎn)?！究键c(diǎn)聚焦】have賓語賓語補(bǔ)足語結(jié)構(gòu)【即時(shí)鞏固】1.Claire had her luggage an hour before her plane left.AcheckB checkingCto checkD checked【答案】D【解析】所填詞做使役動(dòng)詞have的賓語補(bǔ)足語，其邏輯主語是have的賓語her luggage，非謂語動(dòng)詞與邏輯主語是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且其表示的動(dòng)作在位于動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作之前已經(jīng)完成，用過去分詞，選D。2.I am going to Beijing.Do you have anything ？AtakingBto take Cto be takenDtaken【答案】C【解析】句意：我去北京。你有東西要捎嗎？take的執(zhí)行者是“我”，原句的主語是“你”。故答案選C項(xiàng)。3.Ill have all of the readings by the end of this term if my plan goes well.AcompletingB to completeCcompletedD being completed【答案】C考點(diǎn)3 be doing.when.意為“正在做這時(shí)(突然)”【教材原句】. One day he was looking in a secondhand furniture shop when he saw an amazing object among the many different vases and jewels.(P3)一天，他正在一家二手家具店里查看，這時(shí)他(突然)在眾多不同的花瓶和首飾中看見了一個(gè)神奇的東西?！揪浞ǚ治觥縝e doing.when.意為“正在做這時(shí)(突然)”，when在句中作并列連詞。相當(dāng)于and then，and at that time。I was thinking of this when I heard my name called.我正想著這件事時(shí)，突然聽到有人叫我的名字。I was reading a book attentively when an old friend came to see me.我正在全神貫注地讀一本書，忽然一位老友來訪?！練w納拓展】be about to do.when.即將做這時(shí)be on the point of doing.when.正要做這時(shí)had just done.when.剛做完這時(shí)【例句研讀】I was about to swim in the river when the guide told me