小升初英語(yǔ)大全.doc

1、 英語(yǔ)國(guó)際音標(biāo) 02a英語(yǔ)音標(biāo)發(fā)音表02b英語(yǔ)國(guó)際音標(biāo)發(fā)音方法及口型（圖）03c英語(yǔ)音標(biāo)及字母組合對(duì)照 08d基本語(yǔ)音知識(shí)092、 小學(xué)語(yǔ)法大全103、 小學(xué)英語(yǔ)單詞總結(jié)154、 淺談?dòng)⒄Z(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)方法18姓名：學(xué)號(hào)：班別：英語(yǔ)音標(biāo)發(fā)音表英語(yǔ)國(guó)際音標(biāo)共48個(gè)音素，其中元音音素20個(gè)，輔音音素28個(gè)。對(duì)于初學(xué)者來(lái)說(shuō)，若采用集中教學(xué)，要學(xué)會(huì)48個(gè)音素的發(fā)音并區(qū)別開。確實(shí)不易。筆者對(duì)音標(biāo)的教學(xué)采用了相對(duì)集中的方法，即從字母名稱教學(xué)過(guò)渡到部分音標(biāo)教學(xué)。國(guó)際音標(biāo)（英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)音）元音單元音前元音i:ie中元音:后元音u:u:a:雙元音開合雙元音eiaiiuau集中雙元音iu輔音爆破音清輔音ptk濁輔音bdg摩擦音清輔音fsh濁輔音vz破擦音清輔音ttrts濁輔音ddrdz鼻音（濁輔音）mn舌則音（濁輔音）lr半元音（濁輔音）wj英語(yǔ)國(guó)際音標(biāo)發(fā)音方法及口型（圖）四十八個(gè)音素發(fā)音圖解暨口形及發(fā)音方法 1./美式讀音符號(hào) /英式讀音符號(hào) /i/傳統(tǒng)式的國(guó)際音標(biāo)讀音符號(hào)該音是個(gè)前元音，是字母i或y在重讀閉音中的讀音。它是個(gè)短元音，故發(fā)此音要短促而輕快。 發(fā)音要領(lǐng)的是：舌尖抵下齒，舌前部抬高，舌兩側(cè)抵上齒兩側(cè)，口形偏平。四十八個(gè)音素發(fā)音圖解暨口形及發(fā)音方法2./i/美式讀音符號(hào) /i:/英式讀音符號(hào)/i:/傳統(tǒng)式的國(guó)際音標(biāo)讀音符號(hào)前元音，是字母ea，ee，ie或ei在單詞中的發(fā)音。此音是長(zhǎng)元音，一定注音把音發(fā)足。其發(fā)音要領(lǐng)是發(fā)音時(shí)舌尖抵下齒，前舌盡量抬高、舌位高于/i/：口形扁平。3./美式發(fā)音符號(hào) /e/英式發(fā)音符號(hào) /e/傳統(tǒng)的國(guó)際音標(biāo)的讀音符號(hào)該音是個(gè)前元音，是字母e或ea在單詞中的發(fā)音。它是個(gè)短元音。發(fā)音時(shí)舌尖抵下齒，舌前部稍抬起，舌位比/i:/低；唇形中常，開口度比/i:/大。 5./美式讀音符號(hào) /英式讀音符號(hào)/傳統(tǒng)的國(guó)際音標(biāo)的讀音符號(hào)該音是個(gè)后元音，是字母組合ar的讀音，也是字母a在ss，st，th等字母前面的讀音。/是長(zhǎng)元音。發(fā)音時(shí)口張大，舌身壓低并后縮，后舌稍隆起，舌尖不抵下齒。雙唇稍收?qǐng)A。4./美式讀音符號(hào) /英式讀音符號(hào)/傳統(tǒng)的國(guó)際音標(biāo)的讀音符號(hào)該音是個(gè)前元素，是字母a在重讀閉音節(jié)中的發(fā)音。/是短元音。發(fā)音時(shí)舌尖抵下齒；舌前部稍抬高，舌位比/e/更低；雙唇平伸，成扁平形。發(fā)音時(shí)舌尖抵下齒；舌前部稍抬高，舌位比/e/更低；雙唇平伸，成扁平形。7./美式讀音符號(hào) /英式讀音符號(hào)/傳統(tǒng)的國(guó)際音標(biāo)的讀音符號(hào)該音是個(gè)后元音，是字母o，or，al，oar，our或oor在單詞中的發(fā)音。它是長(zhǎng)元音。發(fā)音時(shí)舌后部抬得比/即美式/美式/高，雙唇收得更圓更小，并向前突出。6./美式讀音符號(hào) /英式讀音符號(hào)/傳統(tǒng)的國(guó)際音標(biāo)的讀音符號(hào)該音是個(gè)短元音，是字母o在重讀閉音節(jié)單詞中的讀音。 發(fā)音時(shí)口張大，舌身盡量降低并后縮，雙唇稍稍收?qǐng)A。8./美式讀音符號(hào) /英式讀音符號(hào)/u/傳統(tǒng)的國(guó)際音標(biāo)的讀音符號(hào)該音是個(gè)后元素，是英語(yǔ)字母u，oo或ou等在單詞中的發(fā)音。/u/是短元音。發(fā)音時(shí)舌后部抬起，舌身后縮，舌尖離開下齒。雙唇收?qǐng)A，稍突出。9./美式讀音符號(hào) /英式讀音符號(hào)/傳統(tǒng)式的國(guó)際音標(biāo)式的讀音符號(hào)該音是個(gè)后元音，是字母oo或ou在單詞中的發(fā)音。它是長(zhǎng)元音。發(fā)音時(shí)舌后部盡量抬起，舌位比/u/即美式讀音/英式讀音/高。雙唇收?qǐng)A并突出。口形比/u/稍小。10./美式讀音符號(hào) /英式讀音符號(hào) /傳統(tǒng)的國(guó)際音標(biāo)的讀音符號(hào)該音是個(gè)后元音，是字母o和u在單詞中的讀音。/是短元音。發(fā)音時(shí)舌尖和舌端兩側(cè)輕觸下齒，舌后部靠前部分稍抬起，唇形稍扁，開口度較大，與/相似。11./美式讀音符號(hào) /英式讀音符號(hào) /傳統(tǒng)的國(guó)際音標(biāo)的讀音符號(hào)讀音是個(gè)中元音，是字母組合er，ir，or和ur在單詞中的發(fā)音。/是長(zhǎng)元音。 發(fā)音時(shí)舌中部比發(fā)/音時(shí)略高。雙唇扁平。12./美式讀音符號(hào) /英式讀音符號(hào)/傳統(tǒng)的國(guó)際音標(biāo)的讀音符號(hào)該音是個(gè)中元音，是字母a，e，o，u，er，or和ur在單詞中的讀音。/是讀短元音。發(fā)音時(shí)舌身平放，舌中部略隆起，雙唇扁平。14./美式讀音符號(hào)/英式讀音符號(hào) /傳統(tǒng)的國(guó)際音標(biāo)的讀音符號(hào)該音是個(gè)雙元音，是字母o，oa和oe在單詞中的讀音。它由元音/滑向后元音/u/即美音和英音的/，舌位由半低到高，口形由半開到小。注意將音發(fā)足。13./美式讀音符號(hào) /英式讀音符號(hào) /ei/傳統(tǒng)的國(guó)際音標(biāo)的讀音符號(hào)該音是個(gè)雙元音，是字母a在重讀開音節(jié)單詞中的讀音。先發(fā)/e/音，然后滑向/i/音。雙唇稍扁，口形 從半開到合。15./美式讀音符號(hào) /英式讀音符號(hào) /ai/傳統(tǒng)的國(guó)際音標(biāo)讀音符號(hào)該音是個(gè)雙元音，是字母i或y在單詞中的發(fā)音。/ai/為雙元音。先發(fā)/a/音，然后滑向/i/音。舌尖抵住下齒。發(fā)此音的關(guān)鍵是要把/a/音發(fā)足，注意從開到合的滑動(dòng)。16./美式讀音符號(hào) /英式讀音符號(hào) /au/傳統(tǒng)的國(guó)際音標(biāo)的讀音符號(hào)該音是個(gè)雙元音，是字母ou和ow在單詞中的讀音。/au/或/由/a/滑向/u/。舌位由低到高，口形由大到小。注意將音發(fā)足。17./美式讀音符號(hào) /英式讀音符號(hào) /i/傳統(tǒng)的國(guó)際音標(biāo)的讀音符號(hào)該音是個(gè)雙元音，是字母oy和oi在單詞中的發(fā)音。發(fā)音時(shí)雙唇從圓到扁，口形從開到合。發(fā)好這個(gè)音的關(guān)鍵是首先要把后元音/a/發(fā)足，然后滑向/i/音。18./美式讀音符號(hào) /英式讀音 /i/傳統(tǒng)的國(guó)際音標(biāo)的讀音該音是個(gè)雙元音，是字母ear，ere，eer在單詞中的讀音。其發(fā)音要領(lǐng)是從/i/音滑向/音，美音則滑向/r/音。前面的/i/發(fā)得較清楚，后面的/或/r/較弱。雙唇始終半開。此音一定要發(fā)足。19./美式讀音符號(hào) /英式讀音符號(hào)/傳統(tǒng)的國(guó)際音標(biāo)的讀音符號(hào)該音是個(gè)雙元音，是字母are，air，ear在單詞中的讀音。其發(fā)音方法是從/e/音滑向/音。發(fā)間時(shí)舌端抵下齒，前舌略抬起，雙唇半開，此音中的/有似于/e/音，/音較輕。20./美式讀音符號(hào) /英式讀音符號(hào) /u/傳統(tǒng)的國(guó)際音標(biāo)的讀音符號(hào)該音是個(gè)雙元音，是字母our，oor，ure在單詞中的讀音。發(fā)音時(shí)，嘴唇從收?qǐng)A到半開。發(fā)好這個(gè)音的關(guān)鍵是首先要把/u/音發(fā)足，然后滑向/音。英語(yǔ)音標(biāo)及字母組合對(duì)照- 19 -1.元音:1) i: 字母組合:ee ea e ie ei （eo ey i）three tree green sheep meet beef see seek eat tea meat leave lead teacher team mean speak clean pleasehe she me piece receive ceiling 2) I 發(fā)音字母 i y e ui u asit picture it is list six mix fix fit pig big build missmyth many twenty happy dictionarydefect decide delicious 3) 發(fā)音字母 abag hand and ant happy hat map mad bad black back glad flag shall man 4) e 字母組合 ea e a （ue,u,ie,ai,ei,ay）head bread pleasureelephant electric remember sell shell lesson better bed desk hotel yesmany any 5) : 字母組合ir ur ear er orgirl shirt skirt thirty thirteen third bird turn burn murder nurse turtle Thursday burgerlearn earn earth heardterm her nerd servework worm work world 6) 字母組合 er or ou ar o a e uteacher leader remember player speaker farmer powderdoctor actor mayor author tractordelicious gracious pleasure familiar collar dollar together tomorrow today shallop lesson Washington control polite around account ago elephant manta banana Canada Japan chinamen listen famulus Saturday 7) a: 字母組合 ar acar farm card arm gardenfast class last glass plant aunt calm 8) u: 字母組合 oo o ufood moon room gloom broom doom goose toothshoe do twotrue truth blue full prude9) u 字母組合 oo ou u olook good foot book wood should could put full bull pull pushwoman wolf 10) ei 發(fā)音字母 a ay ea ai ey name cake late gate plane April play say may way great break rain paint plainthey grey 11) ai 發(fā)音字母 i y bike fine find die nine light night high my try fly eye12) au 字母組合 ou ow house out flour ground account count sound loud around mouseflower down now cow how town13) u 發(fā)音字母 o ow oa home cold go no phone host ghost know low below grow blow show flowboat coat goal14) 字母組合oy oiboy toy joy oil soil voice choice 15) i 字母組合 eer ear beer deer ear near here fierce idea19) e 字母組合ear air erepear bear chair air fair there wherecare20) u au字母組合our ower hour tour flower shower基本語(yǔ)音知識(shí) 1) 字母：語(yǔ)言的書寫形式。元音字母只有a,e,i(y),o,u 2) 音素：音的最小的單位。英語(yǔ)中有48音素。即20個(gè)元音音素和28個(gè)輔音音素. 3) 元音：發(fā)音響亮，是樂音；口腔中氣流不收阻礙；是構(gòu)成音節(jié)的主要音。英語(yǔ)中有20元音。 4) 輔音：發(fā)音不響亮，是噪音；口腔中氣流受到阻礙；不是構(gòu)成音節(jié)的主要音。英語(yǔ)中有28輔音。 5) 音節(jié)：由元音和輔音構(gòu)成的發(fā)音單位。apple，student，teacher，understand。 6) 開音節(jié)：a) 輔音+元音+輔音+e name bike home due; b) 輔音+元音 he，go，hi。 7) 閉音節(jié)：a) 輔音+元音+輔音 bad，bed，sit，hot，cup; b)元音+輔音it。8) 重讀音節(jié)：?jiǎn)卧~中發(fā)音特別響亮的音節(jié)。 第二章 小學(xué)語(yǔ)法大全動(dòng)詞的變化1）代詞及be動(dòng)詞主格 I we you you she/he/it they賓格 me us you you her/him/it them代詞所有格 my our your your her/his/its their名詞性代詞 mine ours yours yours hers/his/its theirsbe動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在時(shí) Am are are are is arebe動(dòng)詞過(guò)去時(shí) was were were were was were2）動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞規(guī)則1 一般動(dòng)詞加-ing e.g. look-looking, read-reading, play-playing規(guī)則2 以不發(fā)音的字母結(jié)尾的單詞去e加-ing e.g. make-making, take-taking, arrive-arriving規(guī)則3 重讀閉音節(jié)詞結(jié)尾， 即單詞中只有一個(gè)元音字母，其后緊跟一個(gè)輔音字母的詞，雙寫輔音字母再加-ing e. g. run-running, sit-sitting, get-getting, swim-swimming, stop-stopping3）動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式 規(guī)則動(dòng)詞變化 規(guī)則1 一般動(dòng)詞加-ed e.g. look-looked, watch-watched, play-played規(guī)則2 以e結(jié)尾的加-d e.g. make-maked, arrive-arrived規(guī)則3 以輔音字母加結(jié)尾的變y為i加-ed cry-cried, carry-carried規(guī)則4 重讀閉音節(jié)詞結(jié)尾， 即單詞中只有一個(gè)元音字母，其后緊跟一個(gè)輔音字母的詞，雙寫輔音字母再加-ed stop-stopped 過(guò)去式的讀音在清輔音后面（除外）讀/t/ e.g. walked, jumped在濁輔音和元音后讀/d/ e.g. washed, watched在/t/，/d/后讀/id/ e.g. waited, hated4）常見縮寫：is=s I am=Im are=reis not=isnt /iznt/ are not=arent /a:nt/do not=dontdoes not=doesntwas=sdid not=didntcan not=canthave=vehas=shave not=haventhas not=hasntwill=ll will not=wontshall not=shant祈使句祈使句表示請(qǐng)求、命令、建議、邀請(qǐng)等，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一律用原型，句子中通常不用主語(yǔ)，句末用驚嘆好或者句號(hào)，用降調(diào)。肯定句：動(dòng)詞原型Come here, please.Go downstairs, please.Stand up.Sit down.Be quiet.Be careful.祈使句中如果有喚語(yǔ)，一定要用逗號(hào)隔開，放在句首或者句尾：Come in, Amy.Sit down here, Tom.Mary, give me a book please.否定：Dont+動(dòng)詞原型Dont come here.Dont sit down.Dont stand up.Dont give me it.let sb. do 讓某人做Let me pass.Let us have a rest.Lets have a rest.反意疑問：Lets have a walk along the river, shall we?Let us go out for a drink, will you?感嘆句1） What +名詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)What a beautiful girl she is!What tall buildings they are!2） How +形容詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)How beautiful the girl is!How tall the buildings are! 在口語(yǔ)中，感嘆句的主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)常常省略：What a nice present!（省略it is）How disappointed!（省略she is或其它可作本句主、謂的詞語(yǔ)）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的使用1）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can（能夠），must（必須），may（可以）結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ)+can/must/may+動(dòng)詞原型He can make the tea.Sally can air the room.We can speak English.變疑問句將情態(tài)動(dòng)詞移到句首Can he make the tea?Can Sally air the room?Can we speak English?變否定句在情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后面加notHe cannot make the tea.Sally cannot air the room.We cannot speak English.肯定回答及否定回答Yes, he can. / No, he cannot.Yes, she can. /No, she cannot.Yes, we can. / No, we cannot.特殊疑問句：（必背）What can you do?注意：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的句子沒有第三人稱單數(shù)的變化，不要在情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞后面加s。名詞名詞分為可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞：1）不可數(shù)名詞 無(wú)法分開的東西：water, tea, bread, milk, rice抽象的東西：love, beauty, coldness不可數(shù)名詞有以下特點(diǎn)：不能用a, an修飾；不能加s；和單數(shù)be動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞搭配。2）可數(shù)名詞 單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞要用冠詞修飾，復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞要在名詞后面加s。名詞復(fù)數(shù)共有以下幾種變化： 規(guī)則變化的名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式規(guī)則1 一般情況+s e.g. shellshells bookbooks規(guī)則2 以s, x, ch, sh結(jié)尾+es e.g. foxfoxeschurchchurches, busbuses, watchwatches規(guī)則3 以o結(jié)尾+s或+es e.g. potatopotatoes, NegroNegroes, heroheroes, tomatotomatoes，（口訣：黑人英雄愛吃土豆和西紅柿），剩下一般加s, radioradios規(guī)則4 以f, fe結(jié)尾的，變f, fe為ves e.g. lifeliveshalfhalves, shelfshelves, citycities, wifewives規(guī)則5 以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾， 變y為i+es e.g. skyskiesflyflies問句一般疑問句，特殊疑問句，選擇疑問句，反意疑問句，選擇疑問句，否定疑問句1） 一般疑問句：助動(dòng)詞/be動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)Are you a teacher? Do you want to have a cup of tea?2） 特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+一般疑問句What is your name?3） 選擇疑問句：orDo you want beef or lamb?There be 句型There be 句型表示哪里有什么東西（某處有某物） There is單數(shù)名詞表示場(chǎng)所的詞（一般為介詞詞組）There is a book in this room.There is a pen on the tableThere are復(fù)數(shù)名詞表示場(chǎng)所的詞（一般為介詞詞組）There are two pens on the table.There are three schools there.變疑問句將be動(dòng)詞移到句首Is there a book in this room?Are there two pens on the table?變否定句在動(dòng)詞后面加notThere is not a book in this room.There are not two pens on the table.肯定回答及否定回答Yes, there is. / No, there is not.Yes, there are. / No, there are not.一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或事件，常和表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，如yesterday, last night, the day before yesterday, 3 days ago.含有be動(dòng)詞的句子，將be動(dòng)詞變?yōu)檫^(guò)去式。am, is的過(guò)去式為was, are的過(guò)去式為were：I was at the butchers.You were a student a year ago.The teacher was very beautiful ten years ago.變疑問句將be動(dòng)詞移動(dòng)到句首Were you at the butchers?Were you a student a year ago?Was the teacher very beautiful ten years ago?變否定句在be動(dòng)詞后面加notI was not at the butchers.You were not a student a year ago.The teacher was not very beautiful ten years ago.肯定回答否定回答Yes, I was. / No, I was not.Yes, you were. / No, you were not.Yes, he/she was. / No, he/she was not.特殊疑問句What did you do?（必背）不含有be動(dòng)詞的句子，將動(dòng)詞變?yōu)檫^(guò)去式：I finished my homework yesterday.The boy went to a restaurant.The Sawyers lived at King Street a year ago.變疑問句在句首加did，動(dòng)詞變?yōu)樵虳id you finish your homework yesterday?Did the boy go to a restaurant?Did the Sawyers live at King Street a year ago?變否定句在主語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞之間加did notI did not finish my homework yesterday.The boy did not go to a restaurant.The Sawyers did not live at King Street a year ago.肯定回答及否定回答Yes, I did. / No, I didnt.Yes, he did. / No, he didnt.Yes, they did. / No, they did not.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作構(gòu)成：主語(yǔ)be動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞其它成分 We are having lunch.He is reading a book.The dog is running after a cat.The boys are swimming across the river.變疑問句將be動(dòng)詞移到句首Are we having lunch?Is he reading a book?Is the dog running after a cat?Are the boys swimming across the river?變否定句在be動(dòng)詞后面加 notWe are not having lunch.He is not reading a book.The dog is not running after a cat.The boys are swimming across the river.特殊疑問句：what, which, how, where, who, etc.疑問詞動(dòng)詞主語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在分詞What are you doing?What is she doing?What is the dog doing?一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)英語(yǔ)中的時(shí)態(tài)一共有八種，它們是：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)、一般過(guò)去時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)、一般將來(lái)時(shí)、過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)、過(guò)去完成時(shí)、過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)。今天我們所要講的就是第一種： 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示一般性，經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作或一般性事實(shí)。1、含有be動(dòng)詞的句子 He is a teacher. The girl is very beautiful. Tim and Jack are students.變疑問句將be動(dòng)詞移到句首 Is he a teacher? Is the girl very beautiful? Are Tim and Jack students?變否定句在be動(dòng)詞后面加not He is not a teacher. The girl is not very beautiful. Tim and Jack are not students.肯定回答及否定回答 Yes, he is. / No, he is not. Yes, she is. / No, she is not. Yes, they are. / No, they are not.2、不含有be動(dòng)詞的句子，即含有一般動(dòng)詞的句子。(1)第三人稱單數(shù)及單數(shù)名詞 He likes books. She likes him. The dog likes bones.變疑問句在句首加does, 動(dòng)詞變?yōu)樵?Does he like books? Does she like him? Does the dog like bones?變否定句在主語(yǔ)及動(dòng)詞之間加doesnt, 動(dòng)詞變?yōu)樵?，原句中的?dòng)詞不再有第三人稱變化。 He doesnt like books. She doesnt like him. The dog doesnt like bones.肯定回答及否定回答： Yes, he does. / No, he doesnt. Yes, she does. / No, she doesnt Yes, it does. / No, it doesnt.注意：第三人稱單數(shù)形式一般在動(dòng)詞后面加S，不要和名詞復(fù)數(shù)混淆，變否定句或疑問句時(shí)名詞復(fù)數(shù)沒有任何變化。(2)其他人稱及復(fù)數(shù)名詞 I want to have a bath. We have some meat. The students like smart teachers.變疑問句在句首加do Do you want to have a bath? Do we have any meat? Do the students like smart teachers?變否定句在主語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞之間加dont. You dont want to have a bath. We dont have any meat. The students dont like smart teachers.肯定回答及否定回答 Yes, I do. / No, I dont. Yes, we do. / No, we dont Yes, they do. / No, they dont.第三章 小學(xué)英語(yǔ)單詞大全一.學(xué)習(xí)用品（school things）鋼筆pen 鉛筆pencil 鉛筆盒pencil-case 尺子ruler 書book 書schoolbag 漫畫書comic book 明信片post card 報(bào)紙newspaper 包bag 橡皮eraser 蠟筆crayon 卷筆刀sharpener 故事書story-book 筆記本notebook 語(yǔ)文書Chinese book 英語(yǔ)書English book 數(shù)學(xué)書math book 雜志magazine 詞典dictionary二人體（body）腳foot 頭head 臉face 頭發(fā)hair 鼻子nose 嘴mouth眼睛eye 耳朵ear 手臂arm 手hand 手指hand 腿leg尾巴tail 身體body三顏色（colours）紅red 藍(lán)blue 黃yellow 綠green 白white 黑black 粉紅pink 紫purple 橙orange 棕brown 灰grey四動(dòng)物（animals）貓cat 狗dog 豬pig 鴨duck 兔rabbit 馬horse 大象elephant 螞蟻ant 魚fish 鳥bird 鷹eagle 鹿deer 海貍beaver 蛇snake 老鼠mouse 松鼠squirrel 熊bear 袋鼠kangaroo 猴monkey 熊貓panda 獅子lion 老虎tiger 狐貍fox 斑馬zebra 長(zhǎng)頸鹿giraffe 鵝goose 母雞hen 火雞turkay 小羊lamb 綿羊sheep 山羊goat 奶牛cow 驢donkey 魷魚squid 龍蝦lobster 鯊魚shark 海豹seal 抹香鯨sperm whale 虎鯨killer whale五人物（people）朋友friend 男孩boy 女孩girl 母親mother 父親father 姐妹sister 兄弟brother 叔叔；舅舅uncle 男人man 女人woman 先生Mr 小姐Miss 女士lady 媽媽mom 爸爸dad 父母parents （外）祖母grandma/grandmother （外）祖父grandpa/grandfather 姑姑aunt 兒子son 嬰兒baby堂（表）兄弟；堂（表）姐妹cousin 小孩kid 同學(xué)classmate 女王queen 參觀者visitor 鄰居neighbour 校長(zhǎng)principal 大學(xué)生university student 筆友pen pal 旅行者tourist 人物people 機(jī)器人robot六.職業(yè)（jobs）教師teacher 學(xué)生student 醫(yī)生doctor 護(hù)士nurse 司機(jī)driver 農(nóng)民farmer 歌唱家singer 作家writer 男演員actor 女演員actress 畫家artist 電視臺(tái)記者TV reporter 工程師engineer 會(huì)計(jì)accountant （男）警察policeman 銷售員salesperson 清潔工cleaner 棒球運(yùn)動(dòng)員baseball player 售貨員assistant （女）警察policewoman七食品、飲料（food and drink ）米飯rice 面包bread 牛肉beef 牛奶milk 水water蛋egg 魚fish 豆腐tofu 蛋糕cake 熱狗hot dog 漢堡包hamburger 曲奇cookie 餅干biscuit 果醬jam 面條noodle 肉meat 雞肉chicken 豬肉pork 羊肉mutton 蔬菜vegetable 沙拉salad 湯soup冰ice 冰激凌ice-cream 可樂Coke 果汁juice 茶tea 咖啡coffee 早餐breakfast 午餐lunch 晚餐dinner八水果、蔬菜（fruit and vegetable ）蘋果apple 香蕉banana 梨pear 橙orange 西瓜watermelon 葡萄grape 茄子eggplant 胡蘿卜carrot青豆green beans 西紅柿tomato 土豆potato 桃peach 草莓strawberry 黃瓜cucumber 洋蔥onion 卷心菜cabbage 九衣服（clothes）夾克衫jacket 襯衣shirt T恤衫T-shirt 短裙子skirt 連衣裙dress 牛仔褲jeans 長(zhǎng)褲pants 襪子socks 鞋子shoes 毛衣sweater 上衣coat 雨衣raincoat 短褲shorts 拖鞋slippers 涼鞋sandals 靴子boots （有沿的）帽子hat 便帽cap 太陽(yáng)鏡sunglasses 領(lǐng)帶tie 圍巾scarf 手套gloves十交通工具（ vehicles ）自行車bike 公共汽車bus 火車train 小船boat 輪船ship 快艇yacht 小汽車car 出租車taxi 吉普車jeep 小貨車；面包車van 飛機(jī)plane 地鐵subway 摩托車motor cycle十一.雜物（other things ）窗戶window 門door 課桌desk 椅子chair 床bed 計(jì)算機(jī)computer 寫字板board 風(fēng)扇f(wàn)an 燈light 講臺(tái)teachers desk 圖畫;照片picture 墻壁wall 地板floor 窗簾curtain 垃圾箱trash bin 壁櫥closet 鏡子mirror 床頭柜end table 足球football 禮物present 隨身聽walkman 臺(tái)燈lamp 電話phone 沙發(fā)sofa 書架shelf 冰箱fridge 桌子table 空調(diào)air-conditioner 電視TV 鑰匙key 鎖lock 照片photo 圖表chart 盤子plate 刀knife 叉fork 勺子spoon 筷子chopsticks 鍋pot 禮物gift 玩具toy 洋娃娃doll 球ball 氣球balloon 風(fēng)箏kite 拼圖游戲jigsaw puzzle 盒子box 傘umbrella 拉鏈 zipper 小提琴violin 溜溜球yo-yo 鳥窩nest 洞hole管子tube 牙刷toothbrush 菜單menu 電子卡片e-card 電子郵件e-mail 交通燈traffic light 錢money 藥medicine 十二.地點(diǎn)（locations）家home 房間room 臥室bedroom 衛(wèi)生間bathroom 起居室living room 廚房kitchen 教室classroom 學(xué)校school公園park 圖書館library 郵局post office 醫(yī)院hospital電影院cinema 書店bookstore 農(nóng)場(chǎng)farm 動(dòng)物園zoo 花園garden 書房study 操場(chǎng)playground 食堂canteen 教師辦公室teachers office 圖書館library 體育館gym 衛(wèi)生間washroom 繪畫教室art room 計(jì)算機(jī)教室computer room音樂教室music room 電視機(jī)房TV room 公寓flat 公司company 工廠factory 水果攤fruit stand 寵物商店pet shop 自然公園park 主題公園theme park 科學(xué)博物館science museum 長(zhǎng)城the Great Wall 超市supermarket 銀行bank國(guó)家country 鄉(xiāng)村village 城市city十三.課程（classes）體育運(yùn)動(dòng)sports 科學(xué)science 思想品德課Moral Education 社會(huì)課Social Studies 語(yǔ)文Chinese 數(shù)學(xué)math 音樂music體育P.E. 英語(yǔ)English 計(jì)算機(jī)課computer十四.國(guó)家、城市（ countries and cities ）中國(guó)China/PRC 美國(guó)America/USA 聯(lián)合王國(guó)UK 英國(guó)England 加拿大Canada/CA