名次性從句和狀語從句講解 講義.doc

高三英語復(fù)習(xí)系列講座：名詞性從句南航附中 張恩懷考綱解讀1、掌握名詞性從句的基本知識和分類情況。（1） 賓語從句（2） 主語從句（3） 表語從句（4） 同位語從句2、掌握名詞性從句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)和各種連詞的用法。（1） 連詞that引導(dǎo)（2） 連接代詞what 、who、whom、whose、 which以及whatever類引導(dǎo)（3） 連接副詞when、where、why 、how以及whenever類引導(dǎo)（4） 連詞whether、if引導(dǎo)3、掌握同位語從句的基本用法及與定語從句的區(qū)別。命題趨勢1、縱觀近5年的高考試題，名詞性從句無疑是考試的一大熱點(diǎn)，其中賓語從句14題，主語從句5題，表語從句5題，同位語從句5題，主要考查其基礎(chǔ)知識的掌握和運(yùn)用。2、試題的設(shè)置既注重引導(dǎo)詞之間的語法功能的不同，又注重語義的差異，增加了試題的綜合化程度，情景越來越生動，題干句越來越復(fù)雜。名詞性從句的基本用法。1、賓語從句 I am afraid (that) he will be back on Sunday. Ill show you whatever you want to see. I dont know when the meeting will take place. We havent decided whether/if will go or not .提醒：（1）that可以省略（2）whether 可替換if,但whether or not 連用時不宜用if2、主語從句 That shell do well in her exam is certain. Whoever did the job must be rewarded. Where well meet isnt decided yet. Whether hell come is doubtful. 提醒：（1）that 不宜省略（2）whether 不宜換為if 3、表語從句The trouble is that he cant get here on time. What I want to know is who will come first. Thats why I object to the plan.The problem is whether he can complete it. 提醒：（1）that 不宜省略（2）whether 不宜替換為if （正式文體）4、同位語從句 There was little hope that he would survive. I have no idea where they have gone. 提醒：（1）常用于news、fact、idea、hope、promise、thought、belief、truth 等詞后，強(qiáng)調(diào)該名詞的具體內(nèi)容。（2）常用that引導(dǎo)，that本身無意義，不宜省略。（3）間或也由when、where等其他連詞引導(dǎo)。（4）同位語從句和定語從句的區(qū)別。the news that he succeeded （同）the news（that/which）he told me （定）名詞性從句值得注意的幾個問題：1、it作形式主語或賓語問題。（1）I felt it strange her hair was turning grey. A、while B、that C、what D、for（2）It is not yet decided will go with me. A、who B、whom C、when D、where 2、用what還是that問題。 made matters worse was night began to fall.A、what ; what B、that ; that C、what ; that D、that ; what 3、用whether還是if問題。 Ill tell him the news is none of your business. A、Whether B、If C、Even D、Which4、That 是否省略問題。 she was invited to the ball made her happy. A、If B、That C、不填 D、What5、名詞性從句的時態(tài)問題（主要指if、when從句） Id like to know tomorrow.A、if it rains B、if it will rain C、whether it rains D、whats the weather like 6、賓語從句與反意疑問句問題。 I dont think he is right, ?A、do I B、dont C、isnt D、is he 提醒：He doesnt think I am right, does he ?7、名詞性從句與虛擬語氣問題。（主要是與suggest, insist、 order , demand, request 等有關(guān)的從句） he required was that he more time. A、That; would B、That; should C、What ; would D、What; be given 提醒：His look suggested that he was satisfied （表明）.He insisted that he had been there （堅持認(rèn)為）.8、doubt 與名詞性從句的連詞問題 I dont doubt shell return to China after graduation. A、that B、when C、whether D、if 提醒：I doubt if （whether）+從句 9、reason后面從句的連詞問題。The reason he failed was he was too careless. A、because; because B、why; that C、that ; because D、because; that 提醒：Thats why +表語從句Thats because+表語從句10、介詞后面的賓語從句問題。She would tell the story to passed by. A、who B、whoever C、whom D、whomever11、連接詞（when 等）+ever與no matter+連接詞問題。 Do you think is right , other say.A、as; what B、that; whatever C、what; whatever D、no matter what; whatever 提醒:whatever+名從/狀從no matter what+狀從12、間隔名詞性從句問題。（1） a terrible storm would take place here. A、Word came which B、Word came that C、Word that came D、Word which came （2）Those who were left alone in the cave knew better than the others sounds bats in the dark made. A、what frightened B、how frightened C、what frightening D、how frightening 高三英語復(fù)習(xí)系列講座：狀語從句考綱解讀1、掌握狀語從句的基本知識和分類情況。九種：時間狀語從句，地點(diǎn)狀語從句，原因狀語從句 目的狀語從句，結(jié)果狀語從句，方式狀語從句 條件狀語從句，讓步狀語從句，比較狀語從句2、掌握狀語從句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)和各種連詞的用法。3、能夠在真實(shí)復(fù)雜的語句中斷定主句和從句的邏輯關(guān)系從而恰當(dāng)運(yùn)用連詞完成交際。命題趨勢1、縱觀近5年高考試題，狀語從句是每年高考的必考之題，其中時間狀語從句11題，條件狀語從句5題，讓步狀語從句7題，原因狀語從句4題，地點(diǎn)狀語從句3題，目的狀語從句3題等。2、試題的設(shè)置呈現(xiàn)出交叉和綜合的特點(diǎn)，四個選項中往往給出盡可能多的不同性質(zhì)的連詞，有時干擾項還從定語從句，名詞性從句等多種從句的角度進(jìn)引干擾，以考查學(xué)生細(xì)致縝密的思維能力和多層次多角度地考慮問題的能力。狀語從句的基本用法1、時間狀語從句（常由when, while, as, till, before, after, since, as soon, as 等引導(dǎo)）（1）when、while 和as引導(dǎo)狀語從句When the film ended, they made their way back. Please dont talk so loudly while others are talking.He hurried home, looking behind as he went. 提醒：when 強(qiáng)調(diào)一點(diǎn)或一段時間while 強(qiáng)調(diào)一段時間(常用be doing)as 強(qiáng)調(diào)主從句動作同步進(jìn)引（2）when作并列連詞，相當(dāng)于and this /that time,意為“這時” He was taking a bath when the telephone rang. was going to take was(about)to takehad just taken （3）while 作并列連詞，意為“而、卻”,表示對比He likes pop music, while I am fond of folk music. （4）since 引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句Ive written back twice since I came here. Its three years since I came here. 提醒：（1）主從句的時態(tài)問題（2）It is three years since I lived here. 應(yīng)譯為：我不住在這兒已有三年。（5） before 引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句，意為“還未就” Before I could get in a word, he had measured me.（6） It + be + 一段時間 + before時間狀語從句It will be two years before I come back. wont be long 提醒：注意主從句的時態(tài)（7）till、until 引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句You may stay here until the rain stops. He wont go to bed till she returns.提醒：注意主從句的時態(tài)肯定和否定用法的區(qū)別（8）名詞短語引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句（the moment, the minute, each time, every time, the first time等）The moment I saw him, I realized that. The first time I met with trouble, he came to my help. 提醒:名間短語前不宜再用介詞。（9）副詞引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句（immediately, directly, instantly 等）I came here immediately I got the news.as soon as （10）no soonerthan, hardly /scarcelywhen等句型的用法 I had hardly got home when it began to rain. scarcely whenno sooner than 提醒：hardly、 scarcely、 no sooner 位于句首例裝注意主句和從句的時態(tài)Exercises:（1）Did you buy a dress yesterday?No, I liked the color, I didnt like its style. A、since B、if C、while D、though （2）A good story teller must be able to hold his listeners curiosity he reaches the end of the story. A、when B、unless C、after D、until （3）It long before we its result. A、will not be; will know B、is ; will know C、will not be ; know D、is ; know （4）Dont be afraid of asking for help it is necessary. A、unless B、since C、although D、when 2、地點(diǎn)狀語從句（常由where、 wherever 等引導(dǎo)） The thread breaks where it is weakest. Wherever there is smoke, there is a fire. 提醒：地點(diǎn)狀語從句與定語從句的區(qū)別Make a mark where you have any questions.（狀）Make a mark at the place where you have any questions.（定） Exercise:You must be firm you think yourself to be right. A、in which B、where C、what D、no matter 3、原因狀語從句（1）because, as, since/now that 等連詞引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句語氣依從遞減。He was angry because we were late （前后皆可）.As it is raining we shall not go there（前后皆可）.Since /Now that he said so, it must be true （一般前置）.（2）for 為并列連詞，連接表示原因的并列分句，語氣最弱，常是一種“補(bǔ)充說明或邏輯推理”,且不位于句首 The day mast have broken, for birds are singing. Exercise:（1） youve got a chance ,you might as well make full use of it. A、Now that B、After C、Although D、For （2）Henry must have stayed up last night, he looks so sleepy.A、for B、as C、though D、since 4、目的狀語從句和結(jié)果狀語從句（1）in order that 引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句He started early in order that he could catch the bus.so that（2）so that 引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句和目的狀語從句區(qū)別He started early so that he caught the bus. 提醒：是目的，還是結(jié)果？看動詞sothat，suchthat引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句較多Exercise:Roses need special care they can live through winter. A、because B、so that C、even D、as 5、條件狀語從句（1）if 和 unless 引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句I ll come unless it rains tomorrow . if it doesnt rain.（2）so/as long as, on condition that等 引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句So long as you dont lose heart, you will succeed. （3）in case 引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句Ill take an umbrella with me in case it rains 提醒：注意主從句中的時態(tài)問題。if you will do,此處will為情態(tài)動詞,意為“愿意”Exercise:（1）You may be allowed to watch TV you your homework. A、even if ; will finishB、on condition that; have finished C、in case; finishD、in order that; will finish （2）CCTV is exactly like a window on the world you will sit by it and fix your attention on what it shows. A、if B、as C、while D、unless6、方式狀語從句（1）as, as if/though引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句Please act as you are told to. She treats the boy as if he were her son. （2）名詞短語the way 引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句He cant help seeing things the way they do.提醒:as if/though從句有時用虛擬語氣 Exercise:They need at least five years to make the country look .A、as it used to B、like it did C、as it