紐馬克語義翻譯與交際翻譯ppt課件.ppt

Communicative SemanticTranslation PeterNewmark 1 MainContent BackgroundCommunicative SemanticTranslationComments 2 Background Pre linguisticsperiodoftranslationOppositiontothemonistictheoryLinguisticsbases 3 Pre linguisticsperiodoftranslation Conflictbetweenfreeandliteraltranslation Noattempttodistinguishtypesorqualityoftexts Strongontheory butshortonmethodandpracticalexamples Unawareofeachother swork 4 Themonistictheoryoftranslation Thetwoconcepts CTthattranslationislikelanguage ispurelyasocialphenomenon Newmark 2001 62 e g Nida Translatingiscommunicating 5 Linguisticsbases Translationtheoryderivesfromcomparativelinguistics andwithlinguistics itismainlyanaspectofsemantics allquestionsofsemanticrelatetotranslationtheory Vygotsky Innerspeechisnottheinterioraspectofexternalspeech itisafunctioninitself Itistoalargeextentthinkinginpuringmeanings Thinkingprecedesspeechandwriting 6 CommunicativeandSemantictranslation DefinitionComparisonofCT STSimilaritiesbetweenCT ST 7 DefinitionofCTandST Communicativetranslationattemptstoproduceonitsreadersaneffectascloseaspossibletothatobtainedonthereadersoftheoriginal Semantictranslationattemptstorender ascloselyasthesemanticandsyntacticstructuresofthesecondlanguageallow theexactcontextualmeaningoftheoriginal 8 SemanticTranslationVS LiteralTranslation Literaltranslation theprimarysensesofthelexicalwordsoftheoriginalaretranslatedasthoughoutofcontext butthesyntacticstructuresofthetargetlanguagearerespected ThebasicdifferenceisthatSTrespectscontext butliteraltranslationdoesnot 9 Flat V diagram SourceLanguageBiasTargetLanguageBiasLiteralFreeFaithfulIdiomaticSemantic Communicative 10 Conclusion STcombinestheadvantagesofword for word literal faithfultranslation whileCTcombinestheadvantagesofadaption freeandidiomatictranslation Itcanbecountedasthemostdesiredtranslationmethod 11 ComparisonofCT ST Transmitter addresseefocusRelationtoSTUseofformofSLFormofTLAppropriateness 12 Transmitter addresseefocus ST Focusonthethoughtprocessesofthetransmitterasanindividual shouldonlyhelpTTreaderwithconnotationsiftheyareacrucialpartofmessage CT Subjective TTreaderfocused orientedtowardsanspecificlanguageandculture 13 RelationtoSourceText ST Always inferior toST lossofmeaning CT Maybe better thantheST gain offorceandclarityeveniflossofsemanticcontent 14 UseofformofSL ST IfSTlanguagenormsdeviate thenthismustbereplicatedinTT loyaltytoSTauthor CT RespectfortheformoftheSL butoverriding loyalty toTLnorms 15 FormofTargetLanguage ST morecomplex moreawkward moredetailed moreconcentrated ittendstoovertranslateCT smoother simpler clearer moredirect moreconventional conformingtoaparticularregisteroflanguage tendingtoundertranslate 16 Appropriateness ST forseriousliterature autobiography personaleffusion anyimportantpolitical orother statement CT forthevastmajorityoftexts e g non literarywriting technicalandinformativetexts publicity standardizedtypes popularfiction 17 TextTypes ExpressivetextsInformativetextsVocativetexts 18 Wetpaint A 濕油漆 ST B 油漆未干 請勿觸摸 CT 西游記 A JourneytotheWest ST B PilgrimagetotheWest CT 謀事在人 成事在天 A Manproposes Heavendisposes ST B Manproposes Goddisposes CT 19 這是七月下旬 合中國舊歷的三伏 一年最熱的時(shí)候 Ch ienChung shu 2010 1 ItwastowardtheendofJuly equivalenttothe san fu periodofthelunarcalendar thehottestdaysoftheyear KellyandMao 2003 1 20 ThroughtheLooking Glass 愛麗絲鏡中奇遇記 Feather Isay Whydoyousay Feather sooften Aliceaskedatlast rathervexed I mnotabird Youare saidthesheep youarealittlegoose CT 撇槳呀 我說 阿麗思有點(diǎn)兒覺得她頻氣了 她就說 你干嘛老說 別講 啊 我也沒講啊 什么沒槳 那綿羊說 你手里搖的是什么 你簡直是個(gè)笨豬 趙元任 ST 我說 羽毛 為什么你老是說 羽毛 愛麗絲覺得煩了 終于問道 我又不是禽鳥 你是禽鳥 綿羊說 你是只小鵝 王永年 21 父親是前清舉人 在本鄉(xiāng)江南一個(gè)小縣里做大紳士 Hisfatherhadpassedthesecond degreeexaminationunderManchuruleandwasaprominentsquireinhisnativedistrictsouthoftheYangtze KellyandMao 2003 8 Note ThetraditionalChinesecivilexaminationsystemofferedthreeacademicdegrees whichwereconductedatthreedifferentlevels thecountry orprefecture theprovince andthenationalcapital Successfulcandidatesatthesethreelevelswereknownrespectivelyashsiu ts ai chu jen andchin shih KellyandMao 2003 353 CT ST 22 SimilaritiesbetweenCT ST Atranslationcanbemore orless semantic more orless communicative evenaparticularsectionorsentencecanbetreatedmorecommunicativelyorsemantically PeterNewmark 2001 40 23 SimilaritiesbetweenCT ST BothCT STarerootedincognitivetranslation CTandSTarebothsuitablefor 1 thetextconveysgeneralratherthanaculturally temporallyandspatially boundmessageandwhenthematterisimportantasthemanner 2 commonsenseortheinformationfreefromculturalrestrictions 24 Comment