英語名詞性從句詳解(經(jīng)典)ppt課件

Englishgrammar：,NounClauses,判斷下列是什么從句：,1.Wherehewasbornwasunknowntous.2.Idontknowwherehewasborn.3.Theunknownwaswherehewasborn.,4.Idontknowthefactwherehewasborn.5.Heworkedwherehewasborn.6.Heworkedinthecitywherehewasborn.,Idontknowwherehewasborn.Heworkedwherehewasborn.,辨析：賓語從句VS狀語從句,Idontknowthefactwherehewasborn.Heworkedinthecitywherehewasborn.,辨析：定語從句VS同位語從句,復(fù)合句、主句、從句的概念,復(fù)合句又稱主從復(fù)合句，由一個(gè)主句和一個(gè)或一個(gè)以上的從句構(gòu)成，主句為句子的主體，從句不能獨(dú)立，只能用作句子的一個(gè)成分，如主語、表語、賓語、定語、同位語、狀語。從句擔(dān)任哪個(gè)句子成分，這個(gè)從句就叫該成分的的從句。,英語中的從句有：,狀語從句定語從句主語從句賓語從句表語從句同位語從句,狀語從句：,時(shí)間狀語從句地點(diǎn)狀語從句條件狀語從句原因狀語從句結(jié)果狀語從句方式狀語從句讓步狀語從句比較狀語從句,狀語從句是副詞性修飾性從句,定語從句：,限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句,定語從句是形容詞性修飾性從句,名詞性從句的概念,名詞在句子中一般可以充當(dāng)主語、表語、賓語、同位語。從句在語法功能上相當(dāng)于名詞，也可分別作主句的主語、表語、賓語、同位語。因此，主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句、同位語從句統(tǒng)稱為名詞性從句。,名詞性從句的引導(dǎo)詞,引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連接詞可分為三類：1連接詞2連接代詞3連接副詞,連接詞：,thatwhetherif(一般僅用于賓語從句)asif(用于表語從句)它們不充當(dāng)從句的任何成分,連接代詞：,whatwhateverwhowhoeverwhomwhosewhich,連接副詞：,whenwherewhybecausehowhow組成的詞組如：howmany,howlong,howfar等,學(xué)習(xí)名詞性從句的要點(diǎn),1、名詞性從句的語序的考查2、名詞性從句的連接詞的考查3、賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)4、同位語從句的辨別和引導(dǎo)詞的選擇,名詞性從句的語序的考查,Whatsurprisedmemostwasthatsuchalittlegirlcouldplaytheviolinsowell.Thequestioniswhethersheiscoming.Couldyoutellmewherehelives?Ihadnoideawhetherhewillcomeontime?,名詞性從句要求使用陳述句語序，而不是一般疑問句的語序。,注意：,that和what的運(yùn)用,hewantsisabook.lighttravelsinstraightlinesisknowntoall.,What,That,Theresultiswewonthegame.Thatiswearelookingfor.,that,what,Pleasetellusishappeningthere.Weshouldpayattentiontotheteacherissaying.Idontknowsheiscoming.,what,what,that,ThenewsChinasucceededinsendingupamannedspaceshipwasexciting.Thenewshetolduswasexciting.,that,that,注意：,that和what都可以引導(dǎo)主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句，that在從句中不充當(dāng)任何成分，只起連接作用；what在從句中不僅起連接作用，還在從句中充當(dāng)成分。what一般不用來引導(dǎo)同位語從句。what不能用作關(guān)系代詞，因此也不能引導(dǎo)定語從句。,that的省略（1）,Idontthinkthatsheiscoming.IthinkitnecessarythatyoushouldreadEnglishaloud.Hetoldmethathisparentshaddiedintheaccidentandthathehadtomakealivingallbyhimself.,(),(),that,that,that的省略（2）,Thatheistopinhisclassmakeshisparentsveryhappy.Itspitythathehasmadesuchamistake.Thereasonisthatheiscareless.Thenewsthatourbasketballteamwonthematchmadeusexcited.,That,that,that,that,注意：,單個(gè)賓語從句中的that可以省略；但用it作形式賓語的賓語從句、并列賓語從句中第二個(gè)及以后賓語從句中的that不可以省略。主語從句、表語從句、同位語從句中的that一般不可以省略。,if和whether的運(yùn)用（1）,wewillgototowntomorrowdependsontheweather.Thequestionisheshoulddoit.Thedoctorcantanswerthequestiontheoldmancansurvivetheoperation.,Whether,whether,whether,if和whether的運(yùn)用（2）,Iaskedhimhecouldfinishthejobontime.Doyouknowweareworriedaboutheissafe?Idontknowhecouldfinishthejobontimeornot.,whether/if,whether,whether,注意：,引導(dǎo)主語從句、表語從句、同位語從句只能用whether。引導(dǎo)賓語從句時(shí)應(yīng)注意：（1）動(dòng)詞后的賓語從句可以用if，也可以用whether。（2）介詞后的賓語從句只能用whether。（3）賓語從句中有ornot時(shí)，一般用whether。,what和which的運(yùn)用,Therearesomanythings.IdontknowIhavetochoose.Thebooksaresogoodanduseful.IdontknowIhavetochoose.,what泛指的事物，沒有一定的范圍which特定事物中的“哪一個(gè)”，有一定的范圍,what,which,why和because運(yùn)用,Hiscarbrokedownontheway.Thatwashewaslate.他的車在路上拋錨了，那就是他遲到的緣故。Whydidhefailintheexam?Thatwashewascareless.,why強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果；because強(qiáng)調(diào)原因。,why,because,who和whoever的運(yùn)用,Whoever/Whobreaksthelawshouldbepunished.Iwillgivethisbooktowhoever/whoneedsit.,what和whatever的運(yùn)用,Wewilldowhatever/whatwecantohelpyou.Whatever/Whathesaysisalwaysreasonable.,which和whichever的運(yùn)用,Youmaytakewhichever/whichyoulike.,注意：,在引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時(shí)，who、what、which有疑問意味；whoever、whatever、whichever是它們的強(qiáng)勢語，不含有疑問意味。如：Idontknowbrokethewindow.IdontknowIshouldchoose.,who,what/which,其他連接詞的運(yùn)用,思考：橫線上可以填那些連接詞？Idontknowwewillgo.,根據(jù)回答選擇適當(dāng)?shù)倪B接詞：,Idontknowwewillgo.Wewont.Idontknowwewillgo.NextSunday.,whether/if,when,Idontknowwewillgo.Thefactorywherehisfatherworks.Idontknowwewillgo.Bybus.,how,where,Idontknowwewillgo.Togivethemahandwiththeirwork.Idontknowwewillgo.Idontknow,either.,that/whether,why,賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng),Hebelievesthathisdreamwillcometrueoneday.Pleasetellmewhatyouthinkoftheplan.,Hetoldmethathewaspreparingforthecomingmid-termexamination.Hesaidthathehadbeenawayfromhishometownfortenyears.HeaskedmewhereIlived.,Theteachersaidthatthesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.,同位語從句的辨別和引導(dǎo)詞的選擇,Idontknowthefactwherehewasborn.Heworkedinthecitywherehewasborn.,名詞性從句中it的運(yùn)用,it作形式主語it作形式賓語,it作形式主語,主語從句有時(shí)會(huì)很長，復(fù)合句就顯得頭重腳輕，因此，可以把主語從句移到復(fù)合句后面，而在句首使用it作形式主語。用it作形式主語的that從句有以下四種不同的搭配關(guān)系：It+be+adj.+that-clauseIt+be+P.P.+that-clauseIt+be+n.+that-clauseIt+vi+that-clause,It+be+adj.+that-clause,Itisnecessarythat有必要Itisimportantthat重要的是Itisobviousthat很明顯,It+be+P.P.+that-clause,Itisbelievedthat人們相信Itisknowntoallthat從所周知Ithasbeendecidedthat已決定,It+be+n.+that-clause,Itiscommonknowledgethat是常識Itisasurprisethat令人驚奇的是Itisafactthat事實(shí)是,It+vi+that-clause,Itappearsthat似乎Itseemsthat似乎Ithappensthat碰巧,注意：,當(dāng)that引導(dǎo)的主語從句出現(xiàn)在疑問句中時(shí)，也要以it作形式主語，而把主語從句后置。如：Isittruethatthes