非謂語動詞作定語的用法ppt課件.ppt

非謂語動詞作定語的用法,1,一、考點(diǎn)透視考綱定位和能力要求:掌握動詞不定式，現(xiàn)在分詞，過去分詞作定語時的區(qū)別知識內(nèi)涵：非謂語動詞在句中可以充當(dāng)定語，修飾一個名詞或代詞具體用法如下：,2,（一）動詞不定式作定語1）Thecartobeboughtisforhissister.HeisalwaysthefirsttocomeandthelasttoleaveHewasthebestmantodothejob.3)DoyouhavetheabilitytoreadandwriteinEnglish?,表示將來,被修飾的詞是抽象時，常見的有abilitychanceideaattemptbeliefwaypromise等。,修飾序數(shù)詞或形容詞的最高級時,3,主意事項(xiàng)1、不定式作定語永遠(yuǎn)放在所修飾詞的后面。2、不定式和它前面所修飾的名詞或代詞構(gòu)成邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，又和主語構(gòu)成邏輯上的主動關(guān)系時，不定式常用主動形式。例如1）Ihavealotofworktodo.2)MrSmith,doyouhavesomethingtobetyped?No,thankyou.,4,（二）分詞作定語1、及物動詞的分詞作定語doing（與被修飾名詞之間為主動關(guān)系）beingdone（與被修飾名詞之間為被動關(guān)系且正在進(jìn)行）done（與被修飾名詞之間為被動關(guān)系且完成）例如1Doyouknowtheboystandingunderthetree?2Thehousesbeingbuiltareforvillages.3IdontlikethenovelwrittenbyMary,5,2、不及物動詞的分詞作定語：doing（表示正在進(jìn)行）done（表示已經(jīng)完成）例如：boilingwaterboiledwater例如：developingcountriesdevelopedcountries,正在沸騰的水,燒開了的水,發(fā)展中國家,發(fā)達(dá)國家,6,（三）不定式tobedone，現(xiàn)在分詞beingdone和過去分詞done作定語的區(qū)別例如1Thequestiontobediscussedtomorrowisveryimportant.2Thequestionbeingdiscussednowisveryimportant.3Thequestiondiscussedyesterdayisveryimportant.,不定式tobedone表“被動將來”現(xiàn)在分詞beingdone表“被動進(jìn)行”過去分詞done表“被動完成”,7,1.Thewitness_bythepolicejustnowgaveverydifferentdescriptionsofthefight.Aquestioned.Bbeingquestioned.CtobequestionedDhavingquestioned解題思路1判斷被修飾名詞或代詞與非謂語動詞之間的主被動關(guān)系2區(qū)分tobedone,beingdone,done時間上的差異,A,直擊高考,8,2.Insomelanguage,100wordsmakeuphalfofallwords_indailyconversations.Ausing.Btouse.Chavingused.Dused,D,9,3.Volunteeringgivesyouachance_lives,includingyourown.AchangeBchangingCchangedDtochange4.Ihavealotofreadings_beforetheendofthisterm.AcompletingBtocompleteCcompletedDbeingcompleted解題思路找準(zhǔn)題目中的關(guān)鍵詞,確定是否為考查不定式作定語的情況.,D,B,10,三，能力突破解答非謂語動詞作定語的方法:1，確定考題是否為非謂語動詞作定語;2，分析被修飾名詞和代詞（通常為空前的名詞）與其非謂語動詞之間的被動關(guān)系;若為主動，則可選擇doing，todo；若為被動，則可選擇性tobedone，beingdone，done3，分析時間究竟是過去，現(xiàn)在還是將來;4，考慮不定式作定語的幾種情況.,11,1Theroomisemptyexceptforabookshelf_insomecorner.Astanding.Btostand.Cstands.Dstood2Theairport_nextyearwillhelppromotetourisminthisarea.Abeingcompleted.Btobecompleted.CcompletedDhavingbeencompleted3Withtheworldchangingfast,wehavesomethingnew_withallbyourselveseveryday.Adeal.Bdealt.Ctodeal.Ddealing4Sofarnobodyhasclaimedthemoney_inthelibraryAdiscovered.Btobediscovered.Cdiscov