2014年九年級英語人教版被動語態(tài)語法總結(jié)及練習(xí)

被動語態(tài)1 被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在時態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時一 般 將 來 時現(xiàn)在完成時情態(tài)動詞謂語動詞構(gòu) 成amis +p.p.areamis +being+p.p.arewill + be+p.p.amis +going to+ be + p.p.arehave(has) +been+p.p.情態(tài)動詞+be+p.p過去時態(tài)一般過去時過 去 進(jìn) 行 時過 去 將 來 時過去完成時謂語動詞構(gòu) 成was +p.p.werewas +being+p.p.werewould +be+p.p.was +going to+be+p.p.werehad +been+p.p.(1) 被動語態(tài)的用法： 不知道誰是動作的執(zhí)行者(即不知道誰做)時用被動語態(tài),省略by短語。如：A man was killed in the accident. / This window was broken yesterday.不說或者眾所周知是誰做時,用被動語態(tài),省略by短語。如：Rice is also grown in this place. A railroad will be built here in three years. 強調(diào)動作的承受者,句尾加by短語。如：It was written by Lu Xun. A pet dog is never killed by its owner注意點：“動詞+間接賓語+直接賓語”改為被動時,可以用間接賓語做被動句的主語。也可以用直接賓語做被動句的主語,但是需用to或者for引出原句的間接賓語： His teacher gave him a dictionary.He was given a dictionary by his teacher.A dictionary was given to him by his teacher.His father made him a kite. A kite was made for him by his father.“動詞+賓語+動詞原形”改為被動時,動詞原形前要加to.The boss made the poor man work 12 hours a day. The poor man was made to work 12 hours a day“動詞+介詞”改為被動時,介詞一般在原位不動。The girl takes good care of her little brother.The girls little brother is taken good care of by her.“be+過去分詞”未必表示被動語態(tài),而可能是系表結(jié)構(gòu)。He is pleased / worried / tired /.(系表)(他高興/焦慮/疲勞)He was hit / knocked down / told / shot / .(被動)(他被擊中/撞倒/關(guān)照/射中)注意：1）感官動詞主動語態(tài)的賓語補足語是不帶to 的不定式，變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，該不定式前要加to。一感（feel）二聽（hear, listen to）、三讓（let, make, have）、四看（look at, see, watch, notice）例如：The teacher made me go out of the classroom. - I was made to go out of the classroom （by the teacher）.We saw him play football on the playground. - He was seen to play football on the playground.2). 短語動詞的被動語態(tài) 短語動詞是一個整體，不可丟掉后面的介詞或副詞。：My sister will be taken care of by Grandma. Such a thing has never been heard of before. 3). 表示據(jù)說或相信 的詞組，基本上由believe, consider, declare, expect, feel , report, say, see, suppose, think, understand等組成。 It is said that 據(jù)說It is reported that 據(jù)報道It is believed that大家相信It is hoped that大家希望It is well known that 眾所周知It is thought that大家認(rèn)為It is suggested that據(jù)建議It is taken granted that 被視為當(dāng)然It has been decided that 大家決定It must be remember that 務(wù)必記住的是4). 不用被動語態(tài)的情況 1） 不及物動詞或不及物動詞短語，如appear, die disappear, end（vi. 結(jié)束）, fail, happen, last, lie, remain, sit, spread, stand, break out, come true, fall asleep, keep silence, lose heart, take place等沒有無被動語態(tài) （錯） The price has been risen. （對） The price has risen. （錯） The accident was happened last week. 對） The accident happened last week. （錯） The price has raised.（對） The price has been raised.（錯） Please seat.（對） Please be seated.（錯） Watching TV is enjoyed by my mother.（對） My mother enjoys watching TV.（錯）A meeting will be had by us.（對）We will have a meeting.易錯點一 主動結(jié)構(gòu)表示被動意義1 open, lock, write, read, sell, clean, wash, cut, burn, drive 等詞作不及物動詞且它們的主語為物時，可用主動語態(tài)表示被動意義。 This kind of pen writes very smoothly. This kind of shirts sell well here.2 look, sound, taste, smell等系動詞用主動形式表示被動意義。 School uniforms look good on us. The cake smells delicious.3 want/ need/require + doing = want/ need/repair+ to be done to be done表示不定式的被動形式。My bike needs repairing.= My bike needs to be repaired.每五天澆花二被動語態(tài)與系表結(jié)構(gòu)的區(qū)別This shop is closed at nine oclock. (表示動作)This shop is closed today. (表示狀態(tài))This shop is _(open) at 8 in the morning.小練習(xí)一、選擇題 ( )1._ a new library _ in our school last year? A. Is; built B. Was; built C. Does; build D. Did ; build ( )2. An accident _ on this road last week. A. has been happened B. was happened C. is happened D. happened ( )3.Cotton（棉花） _ in the southeast of China. A. is grown B. are grown C. grows D. grow ( )4.So far, the moon _ by man already. A. is visited B. will be visited C. has been visited D. was visited ( )5.A talk on Chinese history _ in the school hall next week. A. is given B. has been given C. will be given D. gives ( )6.How many trees _ this year? A. are planted B. will plant C. have been planted D. planted ( )7.A lot of things _ by people to save the little girl now. A. are doing B. are being done C. has been done D. will be done ( )8.-When _ this kind of computers_? -Last year. A. did; use B. was; used C. is; used D. are; used ( )9.The Great Wall _ all over the world. A. knows B. knew C. is known D. was known ( )10.Who _ this book _? A. did; written B. was; written by C. did; written D. was; written ( )11.A story _ by Granny yesterday. A. was told us B. was told to us C. is told us D. told us ( )12.The monkey was seen _ off the tree. A. jump B. jumps C. jumped D. to jump ( )13.The school bag _ behind the chair. A. puts B. can be put C. can be putted D. can put ( )14.Older people _ well. A. looks after B. must be looked after C. must look after D. looked after ( )15.Our teacher _ carefully. A. should be listened to B. should be listen C. be listened D. is listened 二、用括號內(nèi)所給動詞的正確形式填空。1.Its said(據(jù)說) that the long bridge_（build）in two months 2.Where to have the meeting _ （discuss）now 3.Which language _the most widely_（speak）in the world？ 4.The lost boy_（not find）so far 5.Last year a large number of trees_（cut）down 6. The students _ often _(tell) to take care of their desks and chairs. 7. The old man is ill. He _ (must send) to the hospital. 8. Vegetables, eggs and fruits_ (sell) in this shop. 9. Can the magazine _ (take) out of the library? 10. The stars cant _ (see) in the daytime. 11. Some flowers _ (water) by Li Ming already. 12. This kind of shoes _ (sell) well. 13. The food _ (smell) delicious.中考演練【2014江蘇無錫】 Life gets easier with the Internet. Thats true! Almost everything _be done on line. A. can B. need C. must D. should【2014湖北咸寧】Food safety is very important. So some rules _to stop people from polluting food. Amust make Bmust be made Cmust made Dbe made【2014江蘇鹽城】68. Scientists are working hard to make the dream _(come) true. 【2014淮安1】Last March, many trees _ along the street