高考英語單項(xiàng)選擇題解題技巧

單項(xiàng)選擇題解題技巧,試題設(shè)計(jì)特點(diǎn)：,1.句子結(jié)構(gòu)題命題手段(1)用問句、陳述句、倒裝句使題干復(fù)雜，以避開考生熟悉的句子結(jié)構(gòu)Whomdoyouwanttohave_thepartsofthecartogether?A.fixB.tofixC.fixingD.fixed,(還原：Youwanttohavewhomfixthepartsofthecartogether),(1)用問句、陳述句、倒裝句使題干復(fù)雜，以避開考生熟悉的句子結(jié)構(gòu)(2).用從句、加插入語等分隔成分使句子結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜.用省略的方法使句子結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜.用被動(dòng)句使句子結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜.用考生不太常見的句式使句子結(jié)構(gòu)看起來有點(diǎn)陌生,試題設(shè)計(jì)特點(diǎn)：,2.詞匯用法題利用慣用法和習(xí)慣用語命題,以及把意思相同或相近的詞或詞組放在一起進(jìn)行考查。習(xí)語或固定搭配請(qǐng)看以下例題:Wevemissedthelastbus,andImafraidwehaveno_buttotakeataxi.A.wayB.alternativeC.possibilityD.selection,（havenoalternative/choicebuttodosth）,習(xí)語或固定搭配習(xí)語或固定搭配的確切含義句子的真實(shí)含義詞語的意義和用法題干對(duì)詞語的要求搭配承上替代,試題設(shè)計(jì)特點(diǎn)：,3.語境推理題利用上下文創(chuàng)設(shè)一個(gè)語境,字里行間隱含某些關(guān)鍵信息來命題HasSamfinishedhishomeworktoday?Ihavenoidea.He_itthismorning.A.didB.hasdoneC.wasdoingD.haddone,（NMET2004全國(guó)II）（答案C）,（改編）HasSamfinishedhishomeworktoday?Yes.He_itthismorning.A.didB.hasdoneC.wasdoingD.haddone(關(guān)鍵信息Ihavenoidea和Yes),（答案A）,（經(jīng)驗(yàn)：preferdoingsthtodoingsth),但這里用tobenoticed作目的狀語.答案為A.,試題設(shè)計(jì)特點(diǎn)：,4.思維定勢(shì)題利用考生的思維定勢(shì)（習(xí)慣性地遵循某一單一模式進(jìn)行的思維）命題Theyoungladyprefersdressingupforapartyto_byothers.A.benoticedB.beingnoticedC.havingbeennoticedD.havebeennoticed,ImsorryIcanthelp_theflooroftheclassroom.A.sweepingB.sweptC.tosweepD.tosweeping,（經(jīng)驗(yàn)：canthelpdoingsth）答案為C.,試題設(shè)計(jì)特點(diǎn)：,5.情景交際題利用英漢兩種語言在表達(dá)上的差異和英語口語中的習(xí)慣表達(dá)進(jìn)行命題.-Excuseme,_?-Thats$35.76altogether,madam.A.howmuchisthemealwevehadB.butcanItakeyourorderC.couldIhavethebill,pleaseD.wouldyoupleasetakethemoney,分析:根據(jù)中國(guó)人的表達(dá)習(xí)慣，考生很可能會(huì)選擇A，“我們一共吃了多少錢？”。但在英美文化中，往往會(huì)說“請(qǐng)結(jié)帳，好嗎？”。正確答案.,C,高考英語單項(xiàng)選擇題解題技巧,1.結(jié)構(gòu)分析法為了增加試題的難度和靈活性，命題者通過插入語、倒裝句、強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)、從句套從句等形式使句子結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜化。因此，在做題時(shí)，要能準(zhǔn)確分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，把握句子脈絡(luò)。Theplace_thebridgeissupposedtobebuiltshouldbe_thecrossrivertrafficistheheaviest.A.which;whereB.atwhich;whichC.atwhich;whereD.which;inwhich,解析：本題綜合考查了定語從句where引導(dǎo)的表語從句。依據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析，所缺第二空肯定是where引導(dǎo)的表語從句，又因定語從句邏輯上與should構(gòu)成attheplace,故選。,C,高考英語單項(xiàng)選擇題解題技巧,-Whydoesshealwaysaskyouforhelp?-Thereisnooneelse_,isthere?A.whototurntoB.shecanturntoC.forwhomtoturnD.forhertoturn,解析：通過分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可以判斷，所留空格為定語從句修飾先行詞nooneelse，省略了關(guān)系代詞whom。項(xiàng)正好符合此要求。,B,高考英語單項(xiàng)選擇題解題技巧,Acookwillbeimmediatelyfiredifheisfound_inthekitchen.A.smokeB.smokingC.tosmokeD.smoked,根據(jù)語法規(guī)則并由題意可知為最佳答案。,B,高考英語單項(xiàng)選擇題解題技巧,2.結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)化法在一個(gè)較復(fù)雜的句子中，通過去掉插入語或附加的次要信息部分，使句子結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)化，然后可迅速找出正確答案。_someofthisjuice-perhapsyoulllikeit.A.TryingB.TryC.TotryD.Havetried,解析：去掉破折號(hào)后面的附加信息perhapsyoulllikeit,通過語境和結(jié)構(gòu)分析便可看出本題是祈使句，故答案為。,B,高考英語單項(xiàng)選擇題解題技巧,3.結(jié)構(gòu)還原法高考中一些單項(xiàng)選擇題的測(cè)試點(diǎn)本來十分簡(jiǎn)單，但為了增加試題的難度，命題者有意把題干復(fù)雜化，改成一個(gè)少見或陌生的結(jié)構(gòu)。對(duì)于這類選擇題，考生可以反其道而行之，把題干還原為自己熟悉的結(jié)構(gòu)。這樣，題目就會(huì)變得簡(jiǎn)單，答案就會(huì)一目了然。具體來說，可采用以下幾種方法。,（1）將倒裝句改成陳述句（2）將陳述句改為倒裝句（3）去掉從句或插入語（4）將被動(dòng)句改為主動(dòng)句（5）將省略句改為一個(gè)完整的句子（6）將復(fù)合句改成簡(jiǎn)單句（7）將疑問句改成陳述句（8）將感嘆句改成陳述句,高考英語單項(xiàng)選擇題解題技巧,Generallyspeaking,_accordingtothedirections,thedrughasnosideeffect.A.whentakingB.whentakenC.whentotakeD.whentobetaken,解析：該句省略了thedrugwas,補(bǔ)全后則為：thedrugwastakenaccordingtothedirections.答案選。,B,高考英語單項(xiàng)選擇題解題技巧,Wasitin1969_theAmericanastronautssucceeded_landingonthemoon?A.when;onB.that;onC.when;inD.that;in,解析：將這個(gè)句子轉(zhuǎn)換成陳述句，即：Itwasin1969_theAmericanastronautssucceeded_landingonthemoon.這是一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型,故答案正確。,D,高考英語單項(xiàng)選擇題解題技巧,-IhaventheardfromHenryforalongtime.-Whatdoyousuppose_tohim?A.washappeningB.tohappenC.hashappenedD.hadhappened,解析：去掉本句中的插入語doyousuppose,原句則變?yōu)椋篧hat_tohim?很明顯，該句是一個(gè)由what引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句，句中缺少謂語動(dòng)詞。又從“IhaventheardfromHenryforalongtime”可得到提示，答語應(yīng)該用，故該題選。,C,現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),高考英語單項(xiàng)選擇題解題技巧,4.語境分析法這類題要求考生找到語境的切入點(diǎn)，認(rèn)真、仔細(xì)地分析題干所提供的語境，然后確定正確答案。-Excuseme.IsthistherightwaytotheSummerPalace?-Sorry,Iamnotsure.Butit_be.A.mightB.willC.mustD.can,解析：通過對(duì)語境的分析可發(fā)現(xiàn)，“Iamnotsure”為解題的切入點(diǎn)?！安惶邪盐?，無法確定”表示一種可能性，故選項(xiàng)正確。,A,高考英語單項(xiàng)選擇題解題技巧,Hekeptlookingather,wonderingwhetherhe_hersomewhere.A.sawB.hasseenC.seesD.hadseen,解析：本題考查過去完成時(shí)在具體情景中的使用。根據(jù)題干的語境暗示可知主導(dǎo)時(shí)態(tài)為一般過去時(shí)?，F(xiàn)在分詞短語wondering作伴隨狀語，其中whether又引導(dǎo)賓語從句，則從句的謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用過去完成時(shí)，表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去的過去。答案為。,D,高考英語單項(xiàng)選擇題解題技巧,5.關(guān)鍵信息法對(duì)于有些題目來說，如果能找到題干中的關(guān)鍵信息，問題便可迎刃而解。-WhatareyoudoingwhenTonyphonedyou?-Ihadjustfinishedmyworkand_totakeashower.A.hadstartedB.startedC.havestartedD.wasstarting,解析：此句的關(guān)鍵信息為whenTonyphonedyou,它是時(shí)間標(biāo)志。在此之前發(fā)生的表示“過去的過去”，用過去完成時(shí)，在此時(shí)間點(diǎn)正在發(fā)生的用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。答案為。,D,高考英語單項(xiàng)選擇題解題技巧,-Doyouhaveanything_?-No,Imfree.A.todoB.tobedoneC.doingD.do,解析：解此題的關(guān)鍵信息是No,Imfree.答案為.如果將題干改成-Doyouhaveanything_?-Oh,thankyou,Icanmanageitmyself.A.todoB.tobedoneC.doingD.do答案又選哪個(gè)呢?答案為.,A,B,高考英語單項(xiàng)選擇題解題技巧,Tomoughtnotto_meyoursecret,buthemeantnoharm.A.havetoldB.tellC.betellingD.havingtold,解析句子“buthemeantnoharm”所提供的信息是“Tom已經(jīng)把你的秘密告訴了我”，故答案為。,A,如果沒有這個(gè)有效信息，則B也成立。,高考英語單項(xiàng)選擇題解題技巧,6.逆向思維法逆向思維法是一種創(chuàng)造性的思維方法，它沖破了固有的思維定式。運(yùn)用它來解題，可收到意想不到的效果。_canyouexpecttogetapayrise.A.WithhardworkB.AlthoughhardworkC.OnlywithhardworkD.Nowthatheworkshard,解析：當(dāng)一些副詞或短語在句首作狀語時(shí)，后面的句子要倒裝。反過來，由題干中的倒裝可確定為正確答案。,C,高考英語單項(xiàng)選擇題解題技巧,7.標(biāo)點(diǎn)提示法標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)雖小，但可以提供很多信息。比如句中逗號(hào)可以提示非限制性定語從句或非謂語動(dòng)詞作狀語等。標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)可以幫助考生確定做單項(xiàng)填空題時(shí)從哪個(gè)角度入手。WhenIgotbackhomeIsawamessagepinnedtothedoor,_“Sorrytomissyou;willcanlate.”A.readB.readsC.toreadD.reading,解析：空格之前有逗號(hào)，首先可排除read和reads兩個(gè)謂語動(dòng)詞。toread為不定式短語，作目的狀語時(shí)，一般不能與主句隔開，而且此處既非表示目的，也非表示結(jié)果。,只有reading在句中作伴隨狀語,符合題意,故D為最佳答案。,高考英語單項(xiàng)選擇題解題技巧,Dorothywasalwaysspeakinghighlyofherroleintheplay,_,ofcourse,madetheothersunhappy.A.whoB.whichC.thisD.what,解析：ofcourse是插入語?？瞻滋幹暗亩禾?hào)表明，空白處需要和非限制性定語從句，因此要選關(guān)系代詞which來代替前面整個(gè)句子的意思，并且作從句的主語。而選項(xiàng)C和D不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，選項(xiàng)A不符合題意。B為最佳答案。,高考英語單項(xiàng)選擇題解題技巧,8.情景交際法情景交際題幾乎每年都考，旨在考查考生在交際的特定環(huán)境中語言運(yùn)用的得體性(語用能力)。因此，考生一定要領(lǐng)悟試題題干內(nèi)涵，準(zhǔn)確把握語境，熟悉中、英兩種文化的差異，掌握不同民族的交際習(xí)慣方式，才能選出正確的答案。-Hi,haventseenyouforages!Youlookfine!-_.Youlookwell,too.A.GreatB.ThanksC.Oh,noD.Notatall,解析：中國(guó)人比較謙虛內(nèi)向，而英美人比較外向，,所以應(yīng)選B。C和D是中式表達(dá)。,高考英語單項(xiàng)選擇題解題技巧,Ididntknowthiswasaonewaystreet,officer._A.Thatsallright.B.Idontbelieveyou.C.Howdareyousaythat?D.Sorry,butthatsnoexcuse.,分析:你有可能選了B、C項(xiàng)，這是沒有注意到西方人生活、工作中交往的必要禮節(jié)，答話時(shí)過于生硬，沒有顧及他人感情，而正確答案應(yīng)該是在充分考慮到說話雙方的身份，彼此之間的關(guān)系以及說話人的立場(chǎng)和態(tài)度的基礎(chǔ)上做出的選擇。,D,高考英語單項(xiàng)選擇題解題技巧,-Waiter!-_.-Icanteatthis.Itstoosalty.A.Yes,sir?B.What?C.Allright?D.Pardon?,解析根據(jù)前后句提供的信息可知該題含義是：顧客用餐對(duì)菜肴的味道不滿意，叫服務(wù)員前來服務(wù)。Allright?和Pardon?顯然不符合語境。What?從字面意義來看，是中文式的表達(dá)。按英美文化習(xí)慣，地道的表達(dá)應(yīng)當(dāng)是Yes,sir?而且要用升調(diào)，故是最佳答案。,A,6.Iusedtoearn_thanapoundaweekwhenIfirststartedwork.A.alittleB.afewC.fewerD.less7.Youlookverytired_atalllastnight?No,notreally.Imsotiredoutnow.A.DidyousleepD.HadyousleptC.DoyousleepB.Wereyousleeping8.ShewaseducatedatBejingUniversity,_Shewentontohaveheradvancedstudyabroad.A.afterwhichB.fromwhichC.fromthatD.afterthat,5D.less,7.Youlookverytired_atalllastnight?No,notreally.Imsotiredoutnow.5A.DidyousleepD.HadyousleptC.DoyousleepB.Wereyousleeping,1A.afterwhich,方1.結(jié)構(gòu)分析法2.結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)化法3.結(jié)構(gòu)還原法4.語境分析法法5.關(guān)鍵信息法6.逆向思維法7.標(biāo)點(diǎn)提示法8.情景交際法,9.Hisplanwassuchagoodone_weallagreedtoacceptit.A.soB.andC.thatD.as10.Mysisterwasagainstmysuggestionwhilemybrotherwas_it.A.infavourofB.inmemoryofC.inhonourofD.insearchof11.ImterriblysorrythatImadeyourtableclothdirty._.A.NevermindB.DontmentionitC.ThatsrightD.Sorry,9.Hisplanwassuchagoodone_weallagreedtoacceptit.A.soB.and1C.thatD.as,10.Mysisterwasagainstmysuggestionwhilemybrotherwas_it.4/5A.infavourofB.inmemoryofC.inhonourofD.insearchof,11.ImterriblysorrythatImadeyourtableclothdirty._.8A.NevermindB.DontmentionitC.ThatsrightD.Sorry,方1.結(jié)構(gòu)分析法2.結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)化法3.結(jié)構(gòu)還原法4.語境分析法法5.關(guān)鍵信息法6.逆向思維法7.標(biāo)點(diǎn)提示法8.情景交際法,12.Theconstructionofthetwonewrailwaylines_bynow.A.hascompletedB.havecompletedC.havebeencompletedD.hasbeencompleted13.Itisdifficulttoimaginehis_thedecisionwithoutanyconsideration.A.acceptB.acceptingC.toacceptD.accepted14.Withnooneto_insuchafrighteningsituation,shefeltveryhelpless.A.turntoB.turnonC.turnoffD.turnover,12.Theconstructionofthetwonewrailwaylines_bynow.A.hascompletedB.havecompletedC.havebeencompleted5D.hasbeencompleted,14.Withnooneto_insuchafrighteningsituation,shefeltveryhelpless.1A.turntoB.turnonC.turnoffD.turnover,方1.結(jié)構(gòu)分析法2.結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)化法3.結(jié)構(gòu)還原法4.語境分析法法5.關(guān)鍵信息法6.逆向思維法7.標(biāo)點(diǎn)提示法8.情景交際法,15.Accordingto_WorldHealthOrganization,healthcareplansareneededinallbigcitiestoprevent_spreadofAIDS.A.the;不填B.the;theC.a;aD.不填;the16.Onlythen_howmuchdamagehadbeencaused.A.sherealizedB.shehadrealizedC.hadsherealizedD.didsherealize17.Facedwithabillfor10,000,_.A.JohnhastakenanextrajobB.thebosshasgivenjohnanextrajobC.anextrajobhasbeentakenD.anextrajobhasbeengiventoJohn,16.Onlythen_howmuchdamagehadbeencaused.A.sherealizedB.shehadrealizedC.hadsherealized6D.didsherealize,17.Facedwithabillfor10,000,_.A.Johnhastakenanextrajob1/7B.thebosshasgivenjohnanextrajobC.anextrajobhasbeentakenD.anextrajobhasbeengiventoJohn,方1.結(jié)構(gòu)分析法2.結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)化法3.結(jié)構(gòu)還原法4.語境分析法法5.關(guān)鍵信息法6.逆向思維法7.標(biāo)點(diǎn)提示法8.情景交際法,15.Accordingto_WorldHealthOrganization,healthcareplansareneededinallbigcitiestoprevent_spreadofAIDS.A.the;不填B.the;theC.a;aD.不填;the,18.Hehurriedtothebookingofficeonly_thatalltheticketshadbeensoldout.A.totellB.tobetoldC.tellingD.told19.Asyouworkedlateyesterday,you_havecomethismorning.A.mayntB.cantC.mustntD.neednt20.Thisisaveryinterestingbook.Illbuyit,_.A.howmuchmayitcostB.nomatterhowitmaycostC.howevermuchitmaycostD.howmayitcost,18.Hehurriedtothebookingofficeonly_thatalltheticketshadbeensoldout.A.totellB.tobetold1/4C.tellingD.told,19.Asyouworkedlateyesterday,you_havecomethismorning.A.mayntB.cantC.mustntD.neednt4/5,20.Thisisaveryinterestingbook.Illbuyit,_.A.howmuchmayitcostB.nomatterhowitmaycostC.howevermuchitmaycost4D.howmayitcost,方1.結(jié)構(gòu)分析法2.結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)化法3.結(jié)構(gòu)還原法4.語境分析法法5.關(guān)鍵信息法6.逆向思維法7.標(biāo)點(diǎn)提示法8.情景交際法,6.-CouldIuseyourcomputerforafewmoments,please?-.Imnotusingitmyself.A.ComeonB.ItdependsC.GoaheadD.Thatsgreat7.Thoughhestartedlate.Mr.Guoplayedthepianoaswellas,if_,MissLiu.A.notbetterthanB.notbetterC.nobetterthanD.better8.parentssayanddohasalife-longeffectontheirchildren.A.ThatB.WhichC.WhatD.As,C,A,C,9.Asaresultoftheseriousflood,two-thirdsofthebuildingsinthearea.A.needrepairingB.needstorepairC.needsrepairingD.needtorepair10.thatMaricwasabletosetupnewbrancheselsewhere.A.SosuccessfulherbusinesswasB.SosuccessfulwasherbusinessC.SoherbusinesswassuccessfulD.Sowashersuccessfulbusiness11.Wehadwantedtofinishourtaskbynoon,butitdidntquite.A.findoutB.giveoutC.handoutD.workout,A,B,D,12.Heandhiswifeareofthesame;theybothwanttheirsontogotocollege.A.soulB.spiritC.heartD.mind13.Ithinkheistakinganactivepartinsocialwork.Iagreewithyou_.A.inawayB.onthewayC.bythewayD.intheway14.Itoldyourfriendhowtogettothehotel,butperhapsIhavedrivenherthere.A.couldB.mustC.nightD.should,D,A,D,15.thatshedidntdoagoodjob,IdontthinkIamablerthanher.A.TohavesaidB.HavingsaidC.TosayD.Saying16.-Thereisstillacopyofthebookinthelibrary.Willyougoandborrow?-No,Idratherbuyinthebookstore.A.it;oneB.one;oneC.one;itD.it;it17.InfilmCastAway.TomHanksplays_mannamedChuckNoland.A.a;theB.the;aC.the;theD.a;a,B,A,B,18.-whenhasthecountrybeenopentointernationaltrade?-1978,Isuppose.A.SinceB.InC.FromD.After19.ItherelittlemorethanaweekwhenIsettoworkwiththescientist.A.wouldbeB.havebeenC.hadbeenD.willbe20.Today,welldiscussanumberofcases_beginnersofEnglishfailtousethelanguageproperly.A.whichB.asC.whyD.where,A,C,D,9.C10.A11.B12.A13.D14.B15.A16.C17.B18.A19.D20.D6.ThemomentIgothome,IfoundImyjacketontheplayground.A.hadleftB.leftC.haveleftD.