45個(gè)英語介詞的用法

1、45個(gè)常見介詞的基本用法介詞短語=介詞+名詞 1、about 基本含義：a-b-out “A在B外面” 引申含義：“A和B的聯(lián)系” 1、在周圍：The kids are sitting about their teacher. I like the necklace about her throat. 2、環(huán)繞：The bird always flies about the forest. I plan to travel about the world. 3、關(guān)于：a book about English study They are talking about the new film.

2、4、adv 大約 固定搭配： 1、How about.? 2、something+adj+about X 一些關(guān)于X的adj的事 2、above 基本含義：a-b-over “A在B上方” 引申含義： 1、在上方:The sun rose above the horizon. 2、數(shù)目大于/重量超過/價(jià)格（能力、地位）高于 There is nothing in the store above 50 cents. “He who comes after me is above me ,because he was before me” 固定搭配： 1、above all: 首先（強(qiáng)調(diào)重要性）

3、Above all, he was an outstanding mathematician. 2、above all things: 最最 What you need, above all things, is confidence. 3、be above oneself: 興高采烈=high spirit When he heard the good news, he was above himself. 3、across 基本含義：a-grass “A走過一片草坪” 引申含義：1、穿過：She walked across the road.2、在.對(duì)面: The bar is just

4、across the street.3、交叉：He sat with his arms across his chest. The two lines pass across each other at right angles.固定搭配：1、A come across B. A偶遇B。 I came across Yu Minhong the other day.2、A get sth across to B. A使某物被B了解。 I want to get my theory across to all students. 4、after 基本含義：“A在B之后” （強(qiáng)調(diào)順序） 引申含義：

5、1、在之后 （時(shí)間順序、空間順序） After dinner, they went out for a walk. I should after him, but he still went on.2、照著的樣子 Read the sentence after me, please. The building is named after the famous hero. I will make a box after that one.固定搭配：1、be after尋找/go after 追逐/run after 追求 You should run after your own dream.

6、2、after all不管怎樣 （即：在任何事情之后都一樣） After all, he is your father.3、look after照顧5、against基本含義：a-g-e“相對(duì)”引申含義：1、碰著、靠著：She was leaning against a tree.2、反對(duì)：We should fight against crimes.3、預(yù)防：Save money against a rainy day.未雨綢繆固定搭配：1、go against 違反（故意違反某人的意志） He chose to go against his family.2、be against（1）違反

7、（違反法律、制度） It is against the law to hunt tigers.(2)反對(duì) Lincoln was strongly against slavery.（3）不利于 What he said is against him.6、around基本含義：a-round”A在一個(gè)圓里面”（在一定范圍內(nèi)）引申含義：1、在周圍:There are many bars around the towm.2、在附近、到處：I showed him around our campus.3、【adv】大約： There are around 1000 people watching th

8、e game.7、at基本含義:“朝向一點(diǎn)”引申含義:1、小地點(diǎn),或小時(shí)間點(diǎn) Usually, he is at his office in the morning. I arrived at home at 7:00. Knock at;look at;aim at;shoot at;arrive at2、表示引發(fā)某種情緒或動(dòng)作的原因 He showed no sign of pleasure at seeing her. Be surprised/excited at;8、before基本含義：“在之前“（時(shí)間、空間、順序）引申含義：1、時(shí)間上：Please come back befor

9、e 10:00pm.2、空間上：Dont put the cart before the horse.3、順序上：Health should come before wealth.固定搭配：1、before long:過不了多久2、before time:提前9、behind基本含義：be + hide “在之后“引申含義：1、空間上，在后面: A dog is running behind us.2、在后臺(tái)操縱：There must be someone behind it.3、時(shí)間上，在之后；能力上，在之后; New York is 12 hours behind Beijing in t

10、ime. He was behind others in ability.10、beside基本含義：be+side “在邊上”引申含義：1、在.旁邊=next to; by the side of a town beside the sea She sat beside the teacher.2、與.相比=compared with My work is so poor beside yours.固定搭配：beside oneself 高興（悲傷）的不得了、忘形11、besides基本含義：“除外，還有” There were 2 other students in the classro

11、om besides Tom.12、between基本含義：be-two-in“在兩者之間”引申含義：1、空間、時(shí)間、順序、等級(jí)上，在兩者之間： Between two strange buildings stands a tree. His age is between sixty and seventy.2、表示兩者之間的某種關(guān)系 He has to decide between life and death. This is a secret between life and death（僅在我們倆之間）. Kyou should learn between lines（字里行間）.13

12、、beyond基本意思：be+yond（在彼處）=在之外引申含義：1、“在遠(yuǎn)處、在的那一邊” What lies beyond my reach.2、“超出的限度”（能力認(rèn)識(shí)） The fruit was beyond my reach.3、“除了” I cant tell you anything beyond what you already know.固定搭配：1、beyond words無法形容2、beyond understanding難以理解3、beyond cure無可救藥4、beyond endurance無法忍受14、by基本意思：by后面的名詞很重要引申含義：1、在旁邊 W

13、e prefer a table by the window.2、到時(shí)候 We have studied several prepositions by now. I shall have finished the work by the time you return.3、通過;根據(jù); He can tell the direction by the stars. Dont judge a person by his looks.4、按計(jì)算 Eggs are usually sold by dozen. The temperature has risen by 5 degrees.5、被；

14、He was shocked by what he had seen.固定搭配：1、by accident/chance偶然2、by all means想盡一切辦法、一定要3、by no means絕不、一點(diǎn)兒也不4、by turns輪流5、by mistake出于誤會(huì)15、despite基本意思：盡管、不顧=in spite of The old professor kept on working despite his poor health.16、down基本意思：向下引申含義：1、表示自上而下 In order to catch the bus they run down the hi

15、ll. Tears run down her face quietly.2、沿著河、沿著路 He walked down the road. We sailed down the river.固定搭配Sth break down壞了Let sb down 令某人失望 17、during 基本意思：在期間 引申含義： 1、在整個(gè)期間 Not a word did they say during the meal. I havent had any meat during the last several years. 2、在期間的某個(gè)時(shí)刻 I saw Linda during the meeti

16、ng. 18、except 基本意思：ex-cept拿出來 Everyone was here except Tom. 【注意】 besides表示“加”，except表示“減” 19、for 基本意思：“為”引申含義：1、為了 I bought a gift for you. He played football for England. He paid 50 cents for that book.2、因?yàn)?Bejing is famous for its long history. I thank you for what you have done for me.3、作為 I had

17、some chocolate for breakfast.4、表示時(shí)間、距離的長(zhǎng)短 I havent seen you for years. For miles and miles you see nothing but trees.固定搭配：long for; thirst for 渴望for the moment; for the present 現(xiàn)在、此刻for the sake of 為了 I bear all this for the sake of my work. for my part 對(duì)我而言 for fear of 唯恐./以防. for pleasure; for fun

18、 為了消遣 for sale 出售20、in基本意思：在.范圍之中引申含義：1、在.范圍之中（時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)） We sat down in the shade of the trees. Rome was not built in a day.2、在.情緒之中 I am in doubt about it. They are in great enthusiasm about the project.3、在.狀態(tài)之中 You have put yourself in danger. Their economy was in chaos. Please put all the books in o

19、rder.4、穿著. The police were all in plain clothes. I was in a jacket that day.5、用.語言 The letters were written in Chinese. Whats this in Englishi?固定搭配： in a sense在某種程度上 in accordance根據(jù).；按照. in advance提前 in general一般而言 in ones opinion根據(jù)某人觀點(diǎn)21、inside基本含義：在.里面（靜態(tài)） I looked into the box, only to find nothi

20、ng inside it.22、into基本含義：進(jìn)入.的里面（動(dòng)態(tài)）引申含義：1、進(jìn)入.的里面 It was rainning, so they went into the house. He immediately copied those sentences into his book.2、進(jìn)入某種狀態(tài) I burst into tears/laughter. You must put the theory into practice.3、變成./成為. The book has been translated into many languages. Those experiences

21、 have changed him into a true man.固定搭配： get sb into trouble/difficulties 使遇到麻煩 look into 調(diào)查，研究 run into 碰到，邂逅23、like基本含義：“像” He looks like his father. It was like fishing for a needle in the ocean. It was not like her.24、of基本含義：“屬于某個(gè)集合”引申含義：1、屬于 I am a student of this school.2、由.制成的 The desk is made

22、 of wood.3、表示人或物的性質(zhì) They two are of the same height. English is of great importance.4、表示后者修飾前者的A of B The 2008 Olympic Games was held in the City of Beijing.5、表示前者修飾后者的A of B(此時(shí)A為數(shù)量詞) Millions of people are celebrating the festival.25、off基本含義：“離開”引申含義；1、從某物體上分離出來（動(dòng)態(tài)） Cut small piece off the bread. T

23、om fell off the wall.2、表示離某物、某地有一定的距離（靜態(tài)） The old man lives on an island off the coast.26、on基本含義：“吸附”引申含義：1、在.上面 Put the book on the desk.2、在某個(gè)特定的時(shí)間上 The accident happened on the cold winter morning.3、“關(guān)于” a lecture on English study.4、處于某種狀態(tài) I am on a tour to Japan. The influence of China is rapidly

24、 on the rise.27、opposite基本含義：”op-po”對(duì)立，在對(duì)面 I am sitting opposite Tom.28、out of基本含義：“出”引申含義“1、從.出發(fā)、從.出來 He ran out of the house.2、從總體中“分離出“一部分 Three out of four people are in favor of the plan.3、“出于“ I study English out of interest.4、沒有了 I have run out of money. I was out of breath when I got there.5

25、、從中提取出來（類似于made from） Flour is made out of wheat.29、outside基本含義：out+side“在外邊“引申含義：1、外部的 Outside the window lies a bridge.2、除了=excepet No one knows it outside the members of my own family.30、over基本含義：蓋在.上面引申含義：1、在.上面 I put a cloth over the table. I saw a bridge over the river.2、在.問題上 Do not cry over

26、spilt milk.3、凌駕于.之上 The king rules over the empire.31、past基本含義：超過引申含義：1、經(jīng)過 I drove past your house yesterday.2、時(shí)間或年齡上超過 It is a quarter past nine.32、regarding基本含義：有意識(shí)地相關(guān) He wants to talk with me regarding his future. Regarding you recent enquiry.關(guān)于您最近的詢問33、since 基本含義：自從 引申含義： He has not written to h

27、is parents since last Christmas. I have been in Beijing since 2010. I have been here since then. 34、through 基本含義：穿過（跐溜） 引申含義： 1、通過、穿過 Walk through the door. 2、貫穿一段時(shí)間 It keeps raining through April. 3、經(jīng)歷 He has gone through the whole event. 4、通過某種途徑 The American people won their freedom through strug

28、gle. 35、throughout 基本含義：全部包括 引申含義： 1、在整個(gè).地區(qū) The good news has spread throughout the country. 2、在整個(gè).時(shí)間 He has been feeling bad throughout the day. 36、to 基本含義：“去、到”，強(qiáng)調(diào)目的、方向 引申含義： 1、“到”某個(gè)位置、方向 go to school 2、“到”某個(gè)時(shí)間、數(shù)目 Dont leave things to the last moment. 3、“到”某個(gè)狀態(tài) The music can put you to sleep in a short while. 4、“對(duì)著”某個(gè)對(duì)象 Dont yell to me. 5、“對(duì)于”某個(gè)對(duì)象 It is important to me. 37、towards 基本含義：方向、趨勢(shì) 引申含義： 1、表示動(dòng)作的方向 He ran toward to horizon. 2、“對(duì)于” She has a mixed feeling towards hi