人教版中考英語語法專題—非謂語動詞教案

1、人教版中考英語專題非謂語動詞教案【學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)】1.掌握動名詞的構(gòu)成和句法功能2.掌握動詞不定式的構(gòu)成和句法功能3.掌握情態(tài)動詞的意義【重難點】1非謂語的固定用法2情態(tài)動詞的易混點非謂語動詞1. Would you mind _ in the dining hall? Of course not. A. not to smokeB. not smokingC. smokeD. not smoke2. Students should learn how problems. A. solveB. solvingC. can solveD. to solve3. My parents often tel

2、l me too much junk food because its bad for my health.A. not eatingB. not to eatC. eatingD. to eat4. Shes not strong enough _ walking up mountains.A. to goB. goingC. goD. went5. He lost his keyIt made him in the cold to wait for his wifes returnA. to stayB. stayedC. staysD. stay 構(gòu)成：（to）+動詞原形 動詞不定式非

3、在句中的作用（除謂語動詞外的任何成分）謂 構(gòu)成：V.-ing 語 動名詞動 用法（主、賓、表、定）詞 構(gòu)成：V. -ing / V.-ed（規(guī)則變化） 分詞 用法（表、補、定、狀）（一）動名詞一、動名詞的構(gòu)成：動名詞一般由“動詞原形+ing”構(gòu)成 二、動名詞的句法功能功能例句說明主語Eating too much is bad for your health.吃得太多對你的健康有害。謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。賓語 動詞賓語 介詞賓語I like playing basketball very much.我非常喜歡打籃球。Stamps are used for sending letters.郵票是被

4、用來寄信的。表示一般的習(xí)慣或抽象行為或經(jīng)常性的動作。表語His hobby is collecting stamps.=Collecting stamps is his hobby.多數(shù)情況下，動名詞作表語可轉(zhuǎn)化成作主語。定語She is in the reading room.她在閱覽室。We should improve our teaching methods.我們應(yīng)該改進(jìn)教學(xué)方法。只表明它所修飾的詞的用途、所屬關(guān)系等。置于所修飾詞之前。注意：英語中有一些詞后面常跟動名詞作賓語。我們初中階段常見的有：finish, mind, be worth, be busy, practice, h

5、ave fun, have trouble/problem（in）, spend.（in）, feel like, be used to（習(xí)慣于）, give up, keep on, consider, suggest, cant help。我們可按下面的順口溜記憶這些詞。 完成實踐值得忙（finish, practice, be worth, be busy） 繼續(xù)習(xí)慣別放棄（keep on, be used to, give up） 考慮建議不禁想（consider, suggest, cant help, feel like）喜歡思念要介意（enjoy, miss, mind）【例1】

6、 What about a rest? Lets go for a walk. A. to takeB. takeC. takingD. taken【例2】Our English teacher often says to us, “ English well is very important”. A. LearnB. LearningC. LearnedD. To learning【例3】 Would you like camping with me? Id like to. But Im busy my homework. A. to go; to doB. to go; doingC.

7、 going; to doD. going; doing【例4】 How is your grandma? Shes fine. She used to TV at home after supper. But now she is used to out for a walk.A. watch; goB. watching; goC. watching; goingD. watch; going【例5】Seeing their teacher _ into the classroom, they stopped _ at once.A. walk; tellingB. entering; t

8、o speakC. enter; to tellD. walking; talking （二）動詞不定式1、 動詞不定式的構(gòu)成不定式的基本形式為：to+動詞原形，有時可以不用to，這里的to 是不定式符號，本身無詞義，動詞不定式的否定形式是not+（to+）動詞原形。2、 動詞不定式的句法功能功能例句說明主語To speak English is not easy for us=It is not easy for us to speak English. 講英語對我們來說不容易。作主語用的不定式，常常用it作形式主語，而把不定式放在后面。表語My work is to clean the r

9、oom everyday.=To clean the room every day is my work. 我的工作就是每天打掃這間屋子。多數(shù)情況下，不定式作表語，可轉(zhuǎn)換作為主語。賓語What sports does he like to play?他喜歡做什么運動？He likes to play basketball.他喜歡打籃球。只能做某些動詞的賓語，一般不作介詞的賓語。賓補My mother made me play the piano all the time. 我媽媽讓我一直彈鋼琴。在make，let，see，hear，watch等使役、感官動詞后，不定式省略to。定語Have y

10、ou got anything to say? 你有要說的嗎？不定式作定語，要放在所修飾詞的后面。狀語Im sorry to trouble you.（表原因）很抱歉，給你添麻煩了。I went to the library to study English.（表目的）不定式作狀語，其邏輯主語要和句子的主語一致。1. 不定式作主語 動詞不定式作主語時，常用it作形式主語，而將真正的主語放在句末其結(jié)構(gòu)為：It+be+adj.（+ for/ of sb.）+動詞不定式如：To learn English well is useful. It is useful to learn English w

11、ell. Its important for us to protect the environment. 注意：在kind，good，nice，clever等表示人的品質(zhì)的形容詞后，不用for而用of。如： Its very kind of you to help me. 你幫助我真是太好啦。 Its very clever of you to do like that. 你那樣做真是太聰明啦。2. 不定式作賓語 有些謂語動詞后只能用不定式作賓語，常見的這類詞是表示命令、打算或希望的，如： would like, like, want, wish, hope, decide, plan, e

12、xpect等。如： Would you like to see a film this evening? 你今晚想去看電影嗎？ 在find, think后跟不定式作賓語時，常用it代替，而將真正的賓語放在后面。如： I find it easy to read English every day. 常見的一些不帶to的動詞不定式Why not do., Why dont you do., had better（not）do., would rather do, could/would/will you please（not）do.I would rather stay in the room.

13、我寧愿待在房間里。3. 不定式作賓語補足語 不定式作賓語補足語時與賓語有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。如： Lucy asked him to turn down the radio. 露西讓他關(guān)小收音機。 tell, ask, want, allow, get, would like, encourage后常跟動詞不定式作賓語補足語。如： My mother encourages me to learn Japanese. 我媽媽鼓勵我學(xué)日語。 注意：還有一些使役動詞和感官動詞也用不定式作賓補，這時不定式要省略to。這些動詞有：一感（feel）、二聽（hear, listen to）、三讓（let, m

14、ake, have）、四看（look at, see, watch, notice）。但變被動語態(tài)時，必須加上to。如： My friends were made to work the whole night by the boss. 老板讓我的朋友們工作了一整夜。4. 不定式作定語 不定式作定語時，應(yīng)放在名詞之后。它與名詞有邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系。 如果是不及物動詞，且與所修飾的詞之間有動賓關(guān)系，要在不定式后加上適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~。 There is nothing to worry about. 沒有什么可擔(dān)心的。5. 不定式常和疑問詞what, which, when, where, how連用，相

15、當(dāng)于一個賓語從句。如： The teacher is telling the students what to do. 老師正告訴學(xué)生們做什么。He didnt know where to go. 他不知道去哪里?！纠?】 Excuse me. Could you please tell me _ my car? Sure. Park it right here. Ill help you. A. how to stopB. where to parkC. where to stopD. when to park【例7】 Im new here. Dont worry. Ill do what

16、 I can _ you. A. helpB. to helpC. inviteD. to invite【例8】When you move somewhere new, the first thing for you is to find a place . A. to liveB. living inC. to live inD. to living【例9】 I will go to Harbin for my summer vacation. What about you? I havent decided where _. A. goB. wentC. goingD. to go【例10

17、】Tom，would you please _ the box? Its for your sister. A. not openB. dont openC. not to openD. to not open下列詞接動名詞和不定式均可，但意義不同的動詞：stop to do 停下來去做 stop doing 停止做forget to do 忘記要做 forget doing 忘記做過remember to do 記得要做 remember doing 記得做過regret to do 遺憾要做 regret doing 后悔做過try to do 企圖做，盡力做 try doing 試著做g

18、o on to do 繼續(xù)做（另一件事） go on doing 繼續(xù)做（同一件事）mean to do 打算做 mean doing 意味做非謂語動詞練習(xí)1. Jessicas parents always encourage her _ out her opinions. A. speakB. speakingC. to speakD. will speak2. The Greens used to live in London and now they _ in Beijing. A. used to liveB. are used to liveC. are used to livin

19、g D. are used for living3. What are you going to do when you grow up? A singer, but my parents wish me _ a teacher.A. amB. to beC. will beD. be4. I always tell my students _ on the road because its really dangerous. A. not to playB. to play notC. not playingD. not play5. He promised _ his old friend

20、 during his stay in Tianjin. A. seeB. seeingC. sawD. to see6. When I walked past the park, I saw some old people _ Chinese Taiji. A. doB. didC. doingD. are doing7. Im sleepy. I prefer _ at home to going out for a walk. A. sleepingB. to sleepC. sleptD. sleep8. At times, parents find it difficult _ with their teenage children. A. talkB. talkedC. talkingD. to talk9. You look too tired. Why not a rest? A. stop to haveB. to stop havingC. stop having10. What a heavy rain! So it is. I prefer rather than on such a rainy day. A. to go out; stay at homeB. to stay at home; go outC. going out; st