英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法填空解題方法與技巧

1、第二講 英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法填空解題方法與技巧1. 通讀全文，把握大意。既然是通過(guò)語(yǔ)篇在語(yǔ)境中考語(yǔ)法，那么，我們?cè)诮忸}前，應(yīng)快速瀏覽短文，把握全文大意，這一步非常重要。2. 結(jié)合語(yǔ)境，試填空格。讀懂短文之后，要結(jié)合短文所提供的特定的語(yǔ)言環(huán)境，從句子結(jié)構(gòu)的完整性去分析思考空格所缺單詞的詞性，再根據(jù)句子的結(jié)構(gòu)和意義，以及句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系來(lái)確定具體要填的單詞和所給詞的正確形式。具體來(lái)說(shuō)，可按設(shè)題類(lèi)型分為三類(lèi)情況：(1)純空格試題的解題技巧。首先，分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，確定填哪類(lèi)詞。然后，再根據(jù)句子的意思，確定具體填什么詞；或根據(jù)兩句間的邏輯關(guān)系確定具體用哪個(gè)連詞。(2)給出了動(dòng)詞的試題的解題技巧首先，判斷要填的動(dòng)詞是

2、謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞還是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。然后按以下兩點(diǎn)進(jìn)行思考。若句中沒(méi)有別的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，或者雖然已有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，但需填的動(dòng)詞與之是并列關(guān)系時(shí)，所給動(dòng)詞就是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞；若是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，就要考慮時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)。若句中已有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，又不是并列謂語(yǔ)時(shí)，所給動(dòng)詞就是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。若是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞就要確定用ing形式、ed形式，還是用不定式形式，(3)、詞類(lèi)轉(zhuǎn)換題的解題技巧根據(jù)該詞在句子所作句子成分確定用哪種形式。具體方法有：技巧1：作表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)或補(bǔ)語(yǔ)，通常用形容詞形式。如：例1 The youngster immediately fell _ (silence) as tears flew down from his big blue

3、 eyes.例2 In a _ (danger) part of the sea off the coast of New Zealand, they learnt to技巧2：作主語(yǔ)、在及物動(dòng)詞或介詞后作賓語(yǔ)，用名詞形式。如：例3 These people have made great _39_ (contribute) to China with their work.例4 instructors expect students to be familiar with _32_ (inform) in the reading 技巧3：在形容詞性物主代詞后，或者在“冠詞(+形容詞)”后，用

4、名詞形式。如：例5 It is difficult to find out the (similar) between the two countries.例6 With his _ (patient), I made great progress in English.技巧4：修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞，或整個(gè)句子，作狀語(yǔ)，用副詞形式。如：例7 As I looked _32_ (close) at this girl, I fount that例8 There must be something _40_ (serious) wrong with our society.技巧5：括號(hào)中所給動(dòng)詞

5、不一定是考動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)或非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，而是考詞類(lèi)轉(zhuǎn)換；若是形容詞或副詞，有可能是考查其比較等級(jí)。如：例9there was a lot of information about the citys well-known tourist _34_ (attract)例10The other frog went on jumping as hard as he couldHe jumped even _36_ (hard) and finally made himself out3. 重讀全文，解決難題。在解題過(guò)程中要先易后難，難題在大部分空格填好后，再經(jīng)過(guò)仔細(xì)推敲，難題也就不會(huì)再難了。所有空格填

6、好后，把整篇文章從頭至尾復(fù)讀一遍。專項(xiàng)練習(xí)1. He has a sense of (humorous).2. Recent (study) show that smoking is bad to our health.3. Thats a good (suggest).4. Whenever I made mistakes, the teacher pointed out them with (patient).6. When she was in Paris, she developed a (tasty) for fine art.7. This is what is happening

7、 in our (life).8. My mother would sit by the window, watching the falling (leaf) from the trees.9. Dogs can offer （protect）from thieves.10. While there are amazing stories of immediate change, for most of us, the (change) are little by little and require a lot of efforts.11. -How can I take the medi

8、cine? - Just follow the (instruct).12. Young people make their parents angry with their (choose) in clothes and music.13. To their (amaze), the car had been returned.14. After the (dead) of Qu Yuan, people went to Miluo River to mourn over the great poet they loved so much.15. College students are (

9、grown-up) and its their rights to choose the way to live.閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)上下文填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~語(yǔ)，或用括號(hào)中的詞語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空：A proverb says, “Time is money”. But in my opinion, time is even 1precious than money. Why? _2_ when money is spent, we can earn it back. However, when time is _3_, it will never return._4_ is known to all t

10、hat the time we can use is limited. Therefore we should make _5_ use of our time to study hard so as to serve our country in _6_ future.But it is a pity that there are a lot of people _7_ do not realize the value of time. They _8_their precious time smoking, drinking and playing.In a word, we should

11、 form the good habit of _9_ (save) time. Do not put off what can be done today _10_ tomorrow.1. 根據(jù)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)進(jìn)行填充第1題，由than可知，precious要用比較級(jí)，多音節(jié)形容詞的比較級(jí)在前面加more，故此題答案為more。第7題，因there are是個(gè)句子，do not應(yīng)是一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，缺主語(yǔ)，先行詞是人，應(yīng)填who。2. 根據(jù)邏輯關(guān)系進(jìn)行填充就是根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系來(lái)解題。第2題，因前句用Why提問(wèn)，應(yīng)當(dāng)用Because來(lái)回答，故此題答案是Because。3. 根據(jù)語(yǔ)篇標(biāo)志進(jìn)行填充語(yǔ)篇是指

12、比單個(gè)句子長(zhǎng)的語(yǔ)言單位（句群、段落、篇章等）。語(yǔ)篇間往往有標(biāo)明內(nèi)在聯(lián)系的詞，我們稱這些詞為“語(yǔ)篇標(biāo)志詞”。如表示結(jié)構(gòu)層次的有first, second, third, finally等；表示邏輯關(guān)系的有thus，therefore，so等；表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系或變換話題的有however, but, by the way等?！罢Z(yǔ)篇標(biāo)志詞”對(duì)迅速理清文章的脈絡(luò)，弄清上下文關(guān)系很有幫助。第3題，由表示轉(zhuǎn)折的However可知，是指當(dāng)時(shí)間失去的時(shí)候，表示“失去”是gone。第5題，由表示結(jié)果的Therefore可知，應(yīng)充分利用時(shí)間，故用形容詞full或good來(lái)修飾名詞use。4. 根據(jù)固定詞組進(jìn)行填充熟練

13、掌握一些常見(jiàn)的詞組，如as a matter of, be proud of, by the way, come from, congratulate.on., devote.to., earn ones living, keep ones word, make up ones mind等，對(duì)解題很有幫助。第6題，表示“在將來(lái)”是固定詞組in the future。5. 根據(jù)句型搭配進(jìn)行填充就是根據(jù)一些常用的句型搭配，如so/such.that., it is.(for sb.) to do sth., there is no doubt that., there is no sense in

14、 doing sth.等來(lái)解題。第4題，做形式主語(yǔ)，用It，真正的主語(yǔ)是后面的that從句。6. 根據(jù)詞匯知識(shí)進(jìn)行填充指根據(jù)某些詞語(yǔ)在用法上的特殊搭配來(lái)解題。如下列各類(lèi)動(dòng)詞必須牢記：只能接動(dòng)詞的-ing形式做賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞，只能接to do做賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞，接to do做補(bǔ)語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞，接do做補(bǔ)語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞，接doing或done做補(bǔ)語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞，對(duì)句式搭配要求較為特別的詞語(yǔ)，等等。第8題，由time smoking可想到是spend/waste time (in) doing句型，這是由spend/waste的用法所決定的；這里是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)，填spend或waste。第9題，因of是介詞，介詞后的

15、動(dòng)詞通常要用-ing形式，故填saving。7. 根據(jù)生活常識(shí)進(jìn)行填充第10題，結(jié)合生活常識(shí)，不難理解句意為“不要把今天能做的事推遲到明天去做”，答案自然是表示“直到”的until/till。閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)上下文填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~語(yǔ)，或用括號(hào)中的詞語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空：A proverb says, “Time is money”. But in my opinion, time is even 1precious than money. Why? _2_ when money is spent, we can earn it back. However, when time is _3_, it

16、will never return._4_ is known to all that the time we can use is limited. Therefore we should make _5_ use of our time to study hard so as to serve our country in _6_ future.But it is a pity that there are a lot of people _7_ do not realize the value of time. They _8_their precious time smoking, dr

17、inking and playing.In a word, we should form the good habit of _9_ (save) time. Do not put off what can be done today _10_ tomorrow. 1._artist had a small daughter. Sometimes he painted women 2._any clothes on, and he and his 3._always tried to keep the small girl out 4._he was doing this, “She is 5

18、._young to understand,” they said. But one day, when the artist 6._（paint）a woman with no clothes on, he forgot to lock the door, and the girl suddenly ran into the room. He mother ran up the stairs 7._her, but when she got to the room, the little girl was already in the room and looking at the woma

19、n 8._her parents waited for her to speak. For a few seconds the little girl said 9._, but then she ran to her mother and said 10._（angry）, “Why do you let her go about without shoes and socks on when you dont let me?” With the 1._ （develop）of industry, air pollution is getting more and more serious. In Beijing, many people suffer different kinds of illnesses because 2._ air pollution.Air pollution is caused by the following 3._ (reason): about half of the problem is caused by vehicles. Ther