英語四級(jí)深度閱讀技巧ppt課件

1、大學(xué)英語四級(jí)閱讀理解部分,試卷構(gòu)成和成績(jī)報(bào)道,四級(jí)考試由以下四個(gè)部分構(gòu)成 1）聽力理解 聽力理解部分分值比例為35%；其中聽力對(duì)話15%，聽力短文20%。聽力對(duì)話部分包括短對(duì)話和長(zhǎng)對(duì)話的聽力理解；聽力短文部分包括選擇題型的短文理解和復(fù)合式聽寫。成績(jī)報(bào)道滿分為249 2）閱讀理解 閱讀理解部分分值比例為35%；其中仔細(xì)閱讀部分（Reading in Depth）25%，快速閱讀部分（Skimming and Scanning）10%。仔細(xì)閱讀部分分為：a）選擇題型的篇章閱讀理解；b）篇章層次的詞匯理解（Banked Cloze）或短句問答（Short Answer Questions）成績(jī)報(bào)道滿

2、分為249 3）完型填空或改錯(cuò) 完型填空或改錯(cuò)部分分值比例為10%。完型填空部分采用多項(xiàng)選擇題型，改錯(cuò)部分的要求是辨認(rèn)錯(cuò)誤并改正。成績(jī)報(bào)道滿分為70 4）寫作和翻譯 寫作和翻譯部分分值比例為20%；其中寫作部分（Writing）15%，翻譯部分（Translation）5%。寫作的體裁包括議論文、說明文、應(yīng)用文等；翻譯部分測(cè)試的是句子、短語或常用表達(dá)層次上的中譯英能力。成績(jī)報(bào)道滿分為142,試卷構(gòu)成和成績(jī)報(bào)道,成績(jī)報(bào)道 一 聽力理解 249分 1.聽力對(duì)話 107分 2.聽力短文 142分 二 閱讀理解 249分 仔細(xì)閱讀 178分 快速閱讀 71分 三，完形填空或是改錯(cuò) 70分 四，寫作和翻

3、譯 142分;寫作 106分; 中譯英 36分 成績(jī)單上是分為四部分聽力249閱讀249綜合（完形/改錯(cuò)翻譯）106作文106,試卷構(gòu)成和成績(jī)報(bào)道,英文提示 Part I Writing 30 minutes Answer Sheet 1 Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)15 mins Part III Listening Comprehension 35 minutes Answer Sheet 2 Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) 25 minutes

4、Part V Cloze 15 minutes Part VI Translation 5 minutes,大學(xué)英語四級(jí)題型與時(shí)間分?jǐn)?shù)分布,時(shí)間分配(分鐘) 寫作（30） 快速閱讀（15） 聽力（35分鐘） 篇章詞匯和閱讀理解（25） 完形填空（15） 翻譯（5,大學(xué)英語四級(jí)閱讀理解,閱讀的廣泛理解 知識(shí)的源泉，能力的根本 利用閱讀打天下，無往不勝,篇章閱讀 -尋找可能的技巧,閱讀理解,新四級(jí)考試的閱讀部分主要分為快速閱讀和深度（仔細(xì)）閱讀兩個(gè)部分。深度閱讀包括選詞填空與題意選擇兩種題型, 閱讀分?jǐn)?shù)占全卷的35,閱讀理解(40mins,35,快速閱讀15,深度閱讀25,25,篇章詞匯10,篇章

5、閱讀15,10,篇章閱讀要求,選材來源 命題來源 NewScientist Newsweek The New York Times Time The Washington Post 大學(xué)英語四六級(jí) 考試命題委員會(huì),篇章閱讀要求,體裁方面 議論文 說明文 新聞評(píng)述 記敘文,題材方面 人文科學(xué) 自然科學(xué),題材評(píng)述,梳理把握廣泛多樣的題材，是“知己知彼”的第一步。以下是近五年閱讀命題題材分布情況。 文化教育 2007.6 學(xué)習(xí)寫作 2007.12 遠(yuǎn)程教育 2009.12 大學(xué)招聘美國(guó)高層管理人才原因 科技環(huán)保 2008.6 全球變暖 2009.6 環(huán)保時(shí)裝， 一滴水一個(gè)世界 2010.6 黑匣子的

6、功能 熱點(diǎn)新聞 2007.6 性別歧視,題材評(píng)述,經(jīng)濟(jì)商貿(mào) 2006.12 瓶裝水的成功推廣 2008.12 商店如何應(yīng)對(duì)顧客投訴 生命健康 2006.12 健康新解 2008.12 男性比女性更易得病 社會(huì)生活 2008.6 保護(hù)隱私 2007.12 子女教育 2009.12 美國(guó)黑人女性形象 2010.6 正面思維與負(fù)面思維 2010.12 人們工作角色轉(zhuǎn)變的原因 婚姻與長(zhǎng)壽,識(shí)別文體,說明文（最常見） 第一句通常為主題句 結(jié)構(gòu)： 提出問題分析問題解決問題 格式： 比較， 對(duì)照，分類，列舉。 Tip. 抓住文章主題，同時(shí)把握個(gè)層次的要點(diǎn)。 議論文 論點(diǎn)-論據(jù) Tips. 抓住論點(diǎn)，論據(jù)，明

7、確作者論證方法是歸納還是演繹 抓住表示因果because, as a result, therefore，遞進(jìn)moreover, in addition，轉(zhuǎn)折but, however 等的信號(hào)詞 注意作者使用的表達(dá)贊同反對(duì)等感情色彩的形容詞，副詞或句型,詞匯要求,1. 題干中的關(guān)鍵詞有50%能在原文中找到，還有一小部分是同義詞替換。（定位原文） 08.1 65 refine the story-correct the story 2.定位原文后，不一定能直接找到答案，很多時(shí)候是同義替換 A背高頻詞匯 （復(fù)用單詞 一詞多義一詞多性） B。加強(qiáng)同義替換意識(shí) 同義替換的重要性 1.找出答案位置需要同

8、義替換意識(shí) 2.得出正確答案需要同義替換意識(shí) Example: The success of Bill Gates and other non-MBAs, such as the late Sam Walton of Wal-Mart Stores Inc., has helped insipire self-conscious debates on business school campuses over the worth Q. it seems that the ocntroversy over the values of MBA degrees has been fueled by

9、_. Controversy-debate fueled-inspired 2. Farming emerged as a survival strategy because man had been obliged _. 原文： , people were forced to abandon their old way of life for a radically new survial strategy. Answer: to give up their former way of life,攻克長(zhǎng)難句,常常涉及考點(diǎn)，所以不能跳過略過。 會(huì)影響我們整體閱讀的流暢性 突破長(zhǎng)難句：四級(jí)閱讀中

10、的很多句子都比較長(zhǎng)，很多句子都在20個(gè)單詞以上，它們不時(shí)的出沒于四級(jí)閱讀中，構(gòu)成了一個(gè)個(gè)obstacle。其中，1995年6月大學(xué)英語四級(jí)考試閱讀理解的第三篇文章的第三句話長(zhǎng)達(dá)80個(gè)詞，句子結(jié)構(gòu)的復(fù)雜程度不亞于GRE閱讀，現(xiàn)展示如下： In the past our own blocks of flats have been associated with the lower-income groups and they have lacked the obvious provisions, such as central heating, constant hot water supply,

11、 electrically operated lifts from top to bottom, and so on, as well as such details， important notwithstanding(然而), as easy facilities for disposal of dust and rubbish and storage places for baby carriages on the ground floor, playgrounds for children on the top of the buildings, and drying grounds

12、for washing,長(zhǎng)難句,從真題一篇閱讀理解的首句也可以看出四級(jí)閱讀中部分句子的結(jié)構(gòu)的復(fù)雜程度。 A breakthrough(突破) in the provision of energy from the sun for the European Economic Community(EEC) could be brought forward by up to two decades, if a modest increase could be provided in the EECs research effort in this field, according to senior

13、 EEC scientists engaged in experiments in solar energy at EECs scientific laboratories at Ispra, near Milan.,長(zhǎng)難句,實(shí)用的原則： 修飾成分全找出來之后，用括號(hào)把每個(gè)修飾成分括起來，留在括號(hào)外面的就是主干 然后，按照一般順序，謂語在前，賓語（或表語）在后，這樣我們就有了主謂賓（或主系表）的主干結(jié)構(gòu)了最后把修飾成分按對(duì)應(yīng)的位置加上去，整個(gè)句子的結(jié)構(gòu)就把握住了,長(zhǎng)難句常涉及的類型,1.雙重否定句 負(fù)負(fù)得正，把兩個(gè)表示否定的結(jié)構(gòu)都去掉。No, not, hardly,seldom,never

14、little, few, small 應(yīng)注意的詞根詞綴 de-/dis-/un-/in- There are probably no questions (that)we can think up that cant be answered, sooner or later, including even the matter of consciousness. Answer: Man can find solutions sooner or later to whatever questions concerning nature he can think up,長(zhǎng)難句常涉及的類型,2.分詞

15、做狀語類 （主干，現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞） Eg.1 Motivated in part by Christian compassion for the helpless as well as a practical political impulse to undercut the support of the socialist labor movement, Chancellor Bismarck created the worlds first workers compensation law in 1884. Motivated by-Chancelloer Bismark Q: The

16、 worlds first compensation law was introduced by Bismark _ Answer: out of religious and political considerations. Eg.2 08.1 66 解決方法：理清主動(dòng)和被動(dòng)關(guān)系。一般來說現(xiàn)在分詞與主語之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系；而過去分詞與主語之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,長(zhǎng)難句常涉及的類型,3. 定語從句類 規(guī)律：找真正的謂語動(dòng)詞時(shí)， 如果定語從句修飾主語，找第二個(gè)可以做謂語的動(dòng)詞，第一個(gè)是屬于定語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞。 Tips. 先括出定語從句部分，跳出從句，抓住主干再解題。 The mother of the y

17、oung man Wilde was intimate with accused him at the banquet of sexually influencing her son,長(zhǎng)難句常涉及的類型,4.倒裝句類 類型 1） only/ not only/ nor/ neither在句首 2）介詞短語在句首 較難 Example: Along with them goes social mobility, ambition to rise in the urban world, a main factor in bringing down the births in Europe in t

18、he 19th century. 找主語 along with-prep them -objective form so, social mobility 后面兩個(gè)同位語 Tips: 分析詞性找出謂語與主語，將主語調(diào)至謂語之前再理解文章,長(zhǎng)難句涉及的類型,5.強(qiáng)調(diào)句型 It isthat 應(yīng)對(duì)方法： 多訓(xùn)練，熟悉句式，把讀到過的四級(jí)文章中的所有的看不懂的長(zhǎng)難句全部總結(jié)起來，摘抄到一個(gè)本子上面，翻譯。當(dāng)翻譯到100句的時(shí)候，會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)長(zhǎng)難句不過那么五六種。當(dāng)看到101句的時(shí)候，你會(huì)馬上給它歸類,考題要求,深度閱讀中篇章閱讀 考查考生要點(diǎn)（大綱決定考點(diǎn)） 1 掌握主旨要義 2 了解文中具體信息 3 根

19、據(jù)所讀材料進(jìn)行有關(guān)的判斷、推理和引申 4 理解作者的意圖、觀點(diǎn)或態(tài)度 5 依據(jù)上下文推測(cè)生詞的詞義，理解個(gè)別（重點(diǎn)）句子的含義,速度要求,70w/ m 300350 words 8m/p In fact, 只需讀懂70% 2030sentences/ article 5Qs 1-2sen.s/ Q 2/3sentences 沒考到 （慧眼時(shí)才，學(xué)會(huì)跳讀，該略的略。） 必讀內(nèi)容1.作者的觀點(diǎn) 判斷是否為作者觀點(diǎn)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)：A。語句位置是否靠前靠前尋找 B. 用語是否抽象概括-閉上眼睛無法聯(lián)想到現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中某個(gè)實(shí)際事物的詞。 2.首段，尾段，首尾句 特別注意轉(zhuǎn)折詞 略過內(nèi)容：1.支持觀點(diǎn)的例證和細(xì)節(jié) （

20、位置通?？亢螅?2. （），- - 內(nèi)的內(nèi)容 3.人名后的修飾,閱讀訓(xùn)練方法,平時(shí)多做泛讀練習(xí)以提高閱讀速度 1.英文原版材料 （作者） 2.適合自己水平的材料 名著的簡(jiǎn)易讀本 3. 國(guó)內(nèi)雜志中的英文材料 英語世界 海外沙龍 四步閱讀法 1.瀏覽文章，抓住大意 看懂文章主題句，段落主題句 2. 猜詞 （詞性，感情色彩，所處語境，所搭配的介詞） 3.精讀 查詞，摘抄長(zhǎng)難句并翻譯 一天一篇就足夠 4.換位思考 與作者換位，如果我是作者，該如何寫這篇文章。 In most cases, offensive breath emanates from bacteria(細(xì)菌) in the mouth,

21、 although there are to her, more surprising causes. A. thrive on B. account for C. originate from D. descend from,篇章閱讀方法,整體閱讀法（先看文章后做題） 優(yōu)點(diǎn)：全局感或整體感 缺點(diǎn)：記不住細(xì)節(jié)，找答案費(fèi)時(shí)間 查找閱讀法（適合段落較多文章） 讀完第一段做第一題，做完第一題讀第二題，帶著問題去讀第二段 優(yōu)點(diǎn)：符合題文同序的出題原則 缺點(diǎn)：不適合主旨題和全文態(tài)度題 兩者結(jié)合：1.略讀全文，把握文章大意 2m (將注意力放在文章的主題句、關(guān)鍵詞等部分。其余內(nèi)容如具體論述、細(xì)節(jié)、數(shù)字等則

22、可以跳過不讀。) 2. 根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵詞定位原文 3.以原文為依據(jù)，進(jìn)行同義替換、判斷推理。 2+4+4 略讀文章 讀題干（選項(xiàng)） 做題,命題考點(diǎn)及規(guī)律,1、列舉處?？?列舉處指的是First,，second, ，Third, 等逐步列出，然后要求考生從列舉出的內(nèi)容中，選出符合題干要求的答案項(xiàng)。該考點(diǎn)常出題型是細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題,命題考點(diǎn)及規(guī)律,例1. 原文：The third big difference between the drama detective and the real one is the unpleasant pressures: firstly, as members of

23、a police force they always have to behave absolutely in accordance with the law. Secondly, as expensive public servants they have to get results. They can hardly do both. Most of the time some of them have to break the rules in small ways. Q: Whats the policemans biggest headache? (A) He has to get

24、the most desirable results without breaking the law in any way. (B) He has to justify his arrests while unable to provide sufficient evidence in most cases. (C) He can hardly find enough time to learn criminal law while burdened with numerous criminal cases. (D) He has to provide the best possible p

25、ublic service at the least possible expense. (分析：選A。屬事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。依據(jù)文章，與電影中的警察很不相同的是，現(xiàn)實(shí)中警察既要絕對(duì)遵守法（firstly,）,又要及時(shí)破案（secondly,）,這令他們很難兩頭兼顧，有時(shí)只有犯規(guī)。很明顯，B、C、D三項(xiàng)都與文章內(nèi)容不符。,命題考點(diǎn)及規(guī)律,2. 強(qiáng)調(diào)處、絕對(duì)處、最高處 the only only在句首做狀語 It is that must all , anyone, never, most, sole, just, simply, unique 08.6 66 61 2010. 6 58 best 20

26、10. 6 61 only,命題考點(diǎn)及規(guī)律,3、舉例子打比喻的地方?？?為了使自己的觀點(diǎn)更有說服力、更加明確，作者經(jīng)常用具體的例子打比方，句中常由as, such as, for example, for instance, as an illustration, that is, to name a few, as follows等引導(dǎo)的短語或句子作為舉例句，這些例句或比喻成為命題者提問的焦點(diǎn)?？忌枳⒁獾氖抢踊虮扔饕话闶呛臀恼禄蚨温渲行木o密相關(guān)的，常以“細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)性”題型和“推斷性”題型出現(xiàn)，但偏傾于“推斷性”題型。關(guān)注其前或后總結(jié)性的句子 .答案基本符合“中心思想即是答案的解題思路,命題

27、考點(diǎn)及規(guī)律,4. 特殊標(biāo)點(diǎn)處 破折號(hào)，冒號(hào)，引號(hào)等 作者為了正確表達(dá)出自己觀點(diǎn)或使論點(diǎn)更有依據(jù)，常常引用某名人的論斷或重要發(fā)現(xiàn)等。命題者常在此作文章。多以“推理性”題為主，有時(shí)也出“細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)性”題型。 例There is a senseless notion that children grew up and leave home when theyre 18, and the truth is far from that,says sociologist Larry Bumpers of the University of Wisconsin. Q: There was apparently

28、 a trend in the USA _,命題考點(diǎn)及規(guī)律,5、轉(zhuǎn)折處與強(qiáng)對(duì)比處?？?however, nevertheless, in contrast, otherwise, on the other hand, by comparison, but ,yet, while, although, whereas , even if, likewise, similarly, in the same way, in the same manner, as if, as 2010.6 59,命題考點(diǎn)及規(guī)律,6.主題句處 段首段尾處 主旨題 、態(tài)度題較多 7.因果關(guān)系處 信號(hào)詞 for this

29、 reason, for, as , because, since, as a result of, owing to, thanks to, due to, as a result, therefore, consequently, thus, accordingly, so,命題考點(diǎn)及規(guī)律,8. 定義結(jié)論處 In my opinion, my view is, as I see, conclude 通常考查文章的中心觀點(diǎn)或引用的觀點(diǎn) 9.數(shù)字年代處 關(guān)注數(shù)字、年份 常出現(xiàn)于細(xì)節(jié)題,命題考點(diǎn)及規(guī)律,10.復(fù)雜句?？?復(fù)雜句常是命題者出題之處，包括同位語、插入語、定語、長(zhǎng)句后半句，從句、不定式

30、、副詞等，命題者主要考查考生對(duì)句子之間指代關(guān)系。 一般來說，備選項(xiàng)的長(zhǎng)度不會(huì)超過15個(gè)單詞，這就意味著長(zhǎng)難句中的大部分信息只是起干擾作用。要找到真正與答題相關(guān)的信息，關(guān)鍵在于根據(jù)題干信息在長(zhǎng)難句的內(nèi)部進(jìn)行定位，然后從備選項(xiàng)中找出意思一致的答案,Example,But my own worry is less that of the overwhelming problem of elemental literacy than it is of the slightly more luxurious problem of the decline in the skill even of the

31、middle-class reader, of his unwillingness to afford those spaces of silence, those luxuries of domesticity and time and concentration, that surround the image of the classic act of reading. 32. The authors biggest concern is _. Concern-worry biggestlessthan D. the reading ability and reading behavio

32、r of the middle class. skill act of reading,正確答案特征,一)答案項(xiàng)中有絕對(duì)語氣詞的一般不是正確答案項(xiàng) 這些語氣詞有： must, always, never, the most, all, only, have to, any, no, very, completely, none, hardly等。 例(1) One of the great changes brought about by the knowledge society is that _ A. the difference between the employee and the

33、 employer has become insignificant. B. peoples traditional concepts about work no longer hold true. C. most people have to take part-time jobs. D. people have to change their jobs from time to time. (分析：四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，C、D兩項(xiàng)中都含有have to，語氣太絕對(duì)化，一般被排除?？忌谑Ｏ聝身?xiàng)中進(jìn)行選擇，就大大降低了難度。,正確答案特征,二）選項(xiàng)中含有不十分肯定的語氣詞一般是正確答案項(xiàng)。這些語氣詞有

34、： can, could, may, should, usually, might, most(大多數(shù))，more or less, relatively, be likely to, possible, whether or, not necessarily 等。 例（1）It can be inferred from the passage that the author believes_ AAmericans are more ambitious than people in other countries B. in many countries success often depe

35、nds on ones social status C. American businesses are more democratic than those in other countries D. businesses in other countries are not as competitive as those in America (分析：選項(xiàng)B中often 一詞，語氣委婉，不十分肯定，故為答案。而其它三項(xiàng)中所表達(dá)出的語氣都明顯絕對(duì)化。,正確答案特征,三）選項(xiàng)中照抄原文的一般不是答案項(xiàng)，而同義替換的一般是選項(xiàng)。 例（1）According to Dr. David, Ameri

36、cans _ Aare ideally vigorous even under the pressure of life B. often neglect the consequences of sleep deficit C. do not know how to relax themselves properly D. can get by(應(yīng)對(duì)) on 6.5 hours of sleep (分析：答案項(xiàng)中A、D兩項(xiàng)基本上是原文中句子的原現(xiàn)，故被排除。B項(xiàng)中有often 一詞，語氣委婉，不十肯定，故為答案。,正確答案特征,四）較全面、有針對(duì)性地表達(dá)文章中心思想的，選項(xiàng)一般是答案項(xiàng)。 例（

37、1）which of the following best summarizes the main idea of the passage? AMusical instruments developed through the years will sooner or later be replaced by computers. B. Music cant be passed on to future generations unless its recorded. C. Folk songs cant be spread unless they are printed on music s

38、heet. D. the development of music culture is highly dependent on its material aspect. (分析：根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容可以看出，A、B、C三項(xiàng)的內(nèi)容都只是從某一個(gè)方面闡述了一種觀點(diǎn)，而D項(xiàng)句子所表達(dá)的意思就較全面，高度囊括了全篇短文的主旨。,正確答案特征,五）選項(xiàng)中表達(dá)意義較具體的、膚淺的（字面意思）一般不是答案項(xiàng)，而概括性的、抽象的、含義深刻的是答案項(xiàng)。 Eg. From the passage it can be seen that employeeship helps one Ato be more success

39、ful in his career B. to solve technical problems C. to be more specialized in his field D. to develop his professional skill （分析：題意是從文中看出員工素質(zhì)有助于人們 .。 B解決技術(shù)問題；C深化專業(yè)；D項(xiàng)發(fā)展職業(yè)技能。這三項(xiàng)表達(dá)的意思都比較具體，而A項(xiàng)則概括地有深度，包括了B、C、D三項(xiàng)內(nèi)容。,正確答案特征,六）選項(xiàng)中較符合常識(shí)的,易明白的一般不是選項(xiàng)；而似乎不太合理，一時(shí)較難理解的往往是正確選項(xiàng)。 例（2）Raising children, in the autho

40、rs opinion, is _. Aa moral duty B. a thankless job C. a rewarding task D. a source of inevitable pain （分析：題目問的是，“依作者觀點(diǎn)，撫養(yǎng)孩子是 ”。 依據(jù)我們?nèi)粘Ｉ钏勊?，撫養(yǎng)孩子就是A. “一種道德責(zé)任” B.“不求回報(bào)的工作”。我們都覺得撫養(yǎng)孩子是人生義務(wù)，是天經(jīng)地義的。這兩項(xiàng)太熟悉了，因而一般不是答案。而C項(xiàng)“有回報(bào)的任務(wù)，似乎不太合人情味、合乎常識(shí)。但這樣的選項(xiàng)就是答案。D項(xiàng)有inevitable一詞，語氣太絕對(duì)化，故排除掉。,正確答案特征（總結(jié),1.經(jīng)常與中心有關(guān) 2.位置：

41、 和復(fù)雜句，長(zhǎng)難句，轉(zhuǎn)折句有關(guān)，或是段首句、段尾句 09.1 58 62 08.6 57 65 08.6 63 64 08.1 58 61 3.原則： 同義替換 正話反說 反話正說 09.1 62 66 08.6 65 4. 語氣： 不肯定語氣詞 委婉表達(dá)用詞 May might possible not necessarily 5.具有概括性和深刻性 08.1 62 2010.6 Passage.2,Sample passage 09.1,If you are a male and youre reading this, congratulations: you are survivor.

42、According to statistics, youre more than twice s likely to die of skin cancer than a woman, and nine times more likely to die of AIDS. Assuming you make it to the end of you natural term, about 78 years for men in Australia, youll die on average fives years before a woman,Sample passage 09.1,Therere

43、 many reasons for this-typically, men take more risks than women and as more likely to drink and smoke-but perhaps more importantly , men dont go to the doctor. “Men arent seeing doctors as often as they should,”says Dr. Gullotta. “this is particularly so for the over-40s, when diseases tend to stri

44、ke.” Gullotta says a healthy man should visit the doctor every year or two. For those over 45, it should be at least once a year,Sample passage 09.1,Two months ago Gullotta saw a 50-year-old man who had delayed doing anything about his smokers cough for a year. “When I finally say him it had already

45、 spread and he has since died for lung cancer,” he says.”Earlier detection and treatment may not have cured him, but it would have prolonged(延長(zhǎng))his life.,Sample passage 09.1,According to a recent survey, 95% women aged between 15 and early 40s see a doctor once a year, compared to 70% of men in the

46、same age group. “A lot of me think theyre invincible(不可戰(zhàn)勝的)”。 Gullotta says. “They only come in when a friend drops dead on the golf course and they think, Geez, if it could happen to him,Sample passage 09.1,Then theres the ostrich approach.”Some men are scared of what might be there and would rathe

47、r not know,” says Dr. Ross Cartmill. “most men get their cars serviced more regularly than they service their bodies,” Carmill says. He believes most diseases that commonly affect men could be addressed by preventive check-ups,Sample passage 09.1,Regular check-ups for men would inevitably place stra

48、in on the public purse,Carmill says. “But prevention is cheaper in the long run than having to treat the disease. Besides, the ultimate cost is far greater: its called premature death.,Sample passage 09.1,57.why does the author congratulate his male readers at the beginning of this passage? They are

49、 more likely to survive serious disease today. They average life span has been considerably extended. They have lived long enough to read this article They are sure to enjoy a longer and happier life,58. what does the author state is the most important reason men die five years earlier on average th

50、an women? A.Men drink and smoke much more than women. B.Men dont seek medical care as often as women C.Men aret as cautious as women in face of danger. D.Men are more likely to suffer fatal diseases,59. Which of the following best completes the sentence”Geez, if it could happen to him,”(Line2, para.

51、8) It could happen to me, too. I should avoid playing golf I should consider myself lucky It would be a big misfortune. 60. What does Dr. Ross Cartmill mean by “the ostrich approach” (Line1, para.9,A casual attitude towards ones health conditions A new therapy for certain psychological problems Refu

52、sal to get medical treatment for fear of the pain involved. Unwillingness to find out about ones disease because of fear. 61. What dose Cartmill say about regular check-ups for men? They may increas public expenses. They will save money in the long run They may cause psychological strains on men The

53、y will enable men to live as long as women,篇章閱讀要求,題型介紹 事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題 推理判斷題 語義理解題 主旨大意題 觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題,事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題通常從一個(gè)句子中找到答案,提問方式： 靈活多樣，涉及短文的各種細(xì)節(jié)，如時(shí)間 地點(diǎn)原因結(jié)果方式等 理解要點(diǎn)： 具體信息和概念性含義 解題步驟： 定位分析和選項(xiàng)分析,事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題,步驟： 1.準(zhǔn)確定位 1）關(guān)鍵詞-A。 專有名詞 （人名，地名）B。比較明顯的描述性詞匯C。副詞、形容詞，尤其一些程度詞，比較詞。D.特殊印刷字體 及其同義替換 Eg.1According to the passage, people often

54、 wrongly believe that in pursuing a career as a manager _. 原文： A few common misconceptions. Beauty is only skin-deep. Ones physical assets dont count all that much in a managerial career. （make every day count） Eg.2The author ends the passage with the implication that _. Starts. Why-middle (put forw

55、ard question-analyze-solve) solutionend 2)順序定位 例： 36. 。the years 1976-1978 37.What influences the birth rate most in the United States is (the US 整個(gè)選材依據(jù)，不能作為關(guān)鍵詞). 38. The sentence “” (Line 4, Para 2,事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題,2.選項(xiàng)分析 同義替換 （很少原文照搬） B. a persons outward appearance is not a critical qualification. 排除干擾項(xiàng) - 聯(lián)

56、系主題,事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題,干擾項(xiàng)特征： 1） 偷梁換柱 越像的越不對(duì) 十個(gè)單詞有九個(gè)與原文一致，只有一個(gè)不一樣。 2）他處細(xì)節(jié) The idea of “improvement factor”(para.3 line 8) implies roughly: A. wages should be paid on the basis of length of service (P. 3, L.7) B. (P.3, L.8) C.(P.3, L2) D. (P.2, L6) 距離遠(yuǎn)的免談。 A, C.D,細(xì)節(jié)題的?？键c(diǎn),舉例、列舉處。關(guān)鍵詞：for example, such as, firstly,

57、on the other hand, in addition not onlybut also 例證題 example 看不懂沒關(guān)系，收索例證周圍區(qū)域，10%向下，90%向上 Eg. It is easier to negotiate initial salary requirement because onceOne thing, however, is certain: your chances of getting the raise you feel you deserve are less if you dont at least ask for it. Men tend to as

58、k for more, and they get more, and this holds true with other resources, not just pay increase. Consider Beths story: I did not get what I wanted when I didnt ask for it. 58.What can be inferred from Beths story? A. If people want what they deserve, they have to ask for itl,細(xì)節(jié)題的?？键c(diǎn),特殊標(biāo)點(diǎn)處 如引號(hào)、冒號(hào)、破折號(hào)

59、08.1 64 2007.1 62 2006.6 65 2006.1 62 07.1 原文As we have seen, the focus of medical care in our society has been shifting from curing disease to preventing disease- especially in terms of changing our many unhealthy behavior, such as poor eating habits, smoking, and failure to exercise. 62. Today medical care is placing more stress on _. A. keeping people in a healthy physical condition B. Monitoring patients body functions C. Removing peoples bad living habits. D. Ensuring peoples psychological well-being,細(xì)節(jié)題的?？键c(diǎn),指代關(guān)系 關(guān)鍵詞如：it