英語：小升初復習要點歸納

1、小升初英語復習要點歸納一、名詞復數規(guī)則1一般情況下，直接加-s，如： book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds2以 s. x. sh. ch 結尾，加 -es，如： bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches3以 “輔音字母 +y ”結尾，變y 為 i, 再加 -es，如： family-families, strawberry-strawberries4以 “f或 fe ”結尾，變f 或 fe 為 v, 再加 -es，如： knife-knives5不規(guī)則名詞復數：man-menwoman-wo

2、menpoliceman-policemenmouse-micechild-childrenfoot-feetfish-fishpeople-peopleChinese-Chinesepolicewoman-policewomentooth-teethJapanese-Japanese二、代詞人稱代詞主格賓格形容詞性物主代詞(短 )名詞性物主代詞（長）我Imemymine你youyouyouryours他hehimhishis她sheherherhers我們weusourours你們youyouyouryours他們theythemtheirtheirs口訣：主格應該作主語，放在句子的開頭;賓

3、格應該作賓語，放在動詞介詞后；形容詞性的物主代詞不能單獨用，必須接名詞或其他詞；名詞性的物主代詞，單獨使用就可以。如：I am a student.What is your name?His bag is on the desk. That one is not his.We can from America. We are friends.Let me help you.These shoes are nice. Try them on.They are drinking tea.三、動詞1. be 動詞： amisare2. 普通動詞： havegocometakegetbuypasssi

4、tstandhavetalkwalkseecatchput 等。動詞的變化形式：動詞的第三人稱單數、動詞+ing 、動詞的過去式（詳見時態(tài)）3. 情態(tài)動詞：情態(tài)動詞can, must, should 后面直接用動詞原形。如：I / He / She / They can sing.You should keep quiet in the library.You mustn t play with fire.Can you help me?第 1頁4. 使役動詞： have, make, let 后面直接用動詞原形。如： Let me help you.Mother made Jim stay

5、at home all day.四、疑問詞1. whatwhowhosewhichwherewhenwhyhow2. “ Wh-” questions: What are you doing? What colour is it?What time is it? What s the time?Which is your watch, the yellow one or the white one?Who s the man with a big nose?Whose bag is it?When is your birthday?Where is my ball pen?Why do you

6、 like summer?How many books are there in the school bag?How old is the young man?How much is the toy bear?How do you go to school everyday?五、形容詞和副詞bigsmalllittlelargetalllongshortfatthinoldnewyoungcleandirtywarmhotcoolcoldfastslowlazybusycheapearlylatehighlowtiredhungrythirstybeautifuldeliciousexpen

7、sivefavouritefriendlypopular六、比較級和最高級1一般在形容詞或副詞后+eroldertallerlongerstronger2. 多音節(jié)詞前 +moremore interestingmore exciting3. 雙寫最后一個字母，再 +erbiggerfatter4. 把 y 變 i ，再 +erheavierearlier5. 不規(guī)則變化：well-bettermuch/many-more6. favourite 沒有比較級和最高級如下表：形容詞（原級）比較級最高級oldolderthe oldestnewnewerthe newestthinthinnert

8、he thinnestbigbiggerthe biggestheavyheavierthe heaviest第 2頁earlyearlierthe earliestboringmore boringthe most boringdifficultmore difficultthe most difficultexpensivemore expensivethe most expensive七、介詞和副詞inonatunderin front ofbehindafteroveracrossintoout ofbesidenear next to八、 some 和 anyI have some

9、toys in my bedroom.Do you have any brothers or sisters?There are some books on the desk.Are there any books on the desk?九、時態(tài)（一）一般現(xiàn)在時，通常用“usually, often, every day, sometimes。”1一般現(xiàn)在時表示經?；蛄晳T性的動作，也可表示現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)或主語具備的性格和能力。2一般現(xiàn)在時中，沒有 be 動詞和情態(tài)動詞，主語為第三人稱單數的肯定句，動詞要按規(guī)則加上 s，主語是非第三人稱單數的肯定句，動詞用原形。3在一般現(xiàn)在時中，句中有 be 動詞

10、或情態(tài)動詞時，否定句在 be 動詞和情態(tài)動詞后加 not ，一般疑問句將 be 動詞或情態(tài)動詞放在句首。4在一般現(xiàn)在時中， 句中沒有 be 動詞或情態(tài)動詞時， 主語為第三人稱單數的否定句在動詞前加 does+not (doesn ，t)一般疑問句在句首加 does，句子中原有動詞用原形；主語為非第三人稱單數，否定句用do+not (don ，t)一般疑問句在句首加do，句子中動詞用原形。動詞 +s 的變化規(guī)則1一般情況下，直接加-s，如： cook-cooks, milk-milks2 以 s. x. sh. ch. o 結尾，加 -es，如： guess-guesses, wash-wash

11、es, watch-watches, go-goes 3以 “輔音字母 +y ”結尾，變 y 為 i, 再加 -es，如： study-studies（二）現(xiàn)在進行時be doing, 通常用“Look! ”“ now”.1現(xiàn)在進行時表示現(xiàn)在正在進行或發(fā)生的動作，也可表示當前一段時間內的活動或現(xiàn)階段正在進行的動作。2現(xiàn)在進行時的肯定句基本結構為be+動詞 ing.3現(xiàn)在進行時的否定句在be 后加 not。4現(xiàn)在進行時的一般疑問句把be 動詞調到句首。動詞加 ing 的變化規(guī)則1一般情況下，直接加ing，如： cook-cooking2以不發(fā)音的e 結尾，去e 加 ing，如： make-mak

12、ing, taste-tasting3如果末尾是一個元音字母和一個輔音字母， 雙寫末尾的輔音字母， 再加 ing ，如：run-running, stop-stopping（三）一般將來時be going to1 be going to 表示將要發(fā)生的事或打算、計劃、決定要做的事情。2肯定句： be going to + 動詞原形，如：Jim is going to play football.否定句： be not going to + 動詞原形 , 如： Jim is not going to play football.一般疑問句：把be 動詞調到句首 , 如： Is Jim going

13、 to play football?第 3頁特殊疑問句：疑問詞+be+主語 +going to+ 動詞原形？如：What is Jim going to do?疑問詞當主語時：疑問詞+be+going to+ 動詞原形？如：Who is going to play football?will1表示將要發(fā)生的事。2肯定句： I will go to the zoo tomorrow.否定句： I will not (wont) go to the zoo tomorrow.一般疑問句： Will you go to the zoo tomorrow?特殊疑問句：Who will go to th

14、e zoo tomorrow?Where will you go tomorrow?When will you go to the zoo?（四）一般過去時1一般過去時表示過去某個時間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，常和表示過去的時間狀語連用。一般過去時也表示過去經?；蚍磸桶l(fā)生的動作。2 Be 動詞在一般過去時中的變化：am 和 is 在一般過去時中變?yōu)閣as。（ was not=wasnt） are 在一般過去時中變?yōu)?were。（ were not=weren t）帶有 was 或 were 的句子，其否定、 疑問的變化和 is, am, are 一樣，即否定句在 was 或 were 后加 no

15、t，一般疑問句把 was 或 were 調到句首。3句中沒有be 動詞的一般過去時的句子否定句： didn t 動+詞原形，如：Jim didn t go home yesterday.一般疑問句：在句首加did，句子中的動詞過去式變回原形。如：Did Jim go home yesterday?特殊疑問句：疑問詞 +did+ 主語 +動詞原形？如： What did Jim do yesterday? 疑問詞當主語時：疑問詞 +動詞過去式？如： Who went to home yesterday? 動詞過去式變化規(guī)則：1一般在動詞末尾加-ed，如： pull-pulled, cook-co

16、oked2結尾是e 加 d，如： taste-tasted3末尾只有一個元音字母和一個輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)，應雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加 -ed，如： stop-stopped4以 “輔音字母 +y ”結尾的，變y 為 i ， 再加 -ed，如： study-studied5不規(guī)則動詞過去式：am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-ma

17、de, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, fly-flew, ride-rode, speak-spoke, sweep-swept, swim-swam, sit-sat 十、 There be 句型1. 單數 可數名詞There is an apple on the plate.Is there an apple on the plate?There isn t an apple on the plate?2. 復數 可數名詞There are some apples on the table.Are there any app

18、les on the table?第 4頁There aren t anyplesap on the table.3. 不可數名詞There is some water in the glass.Is there any water in the glass?There isn t any water in the glass.十一、祈使句1. 祈使句的定義祈使句是用來發(fā)出命令或指示，提出要求、建議、勸告等的句子。祈使句的第二人稱主語you 通常不表示出來， 而是以動詞原形開頭。 例如：Be careful. 小心。Have a coffee, please. 請喝杯咖啡。 Dont worr

19、y. 不要擔心。2. 祈使句的主語(1) 省略第二人稱的主語Look out! Theres a car coming.小心！有車來了。Dont touch me.別碰我。(2) 祈使句如需要強調對方時，亦可把you 說出來。You be quiet!你們安靜！Dont you open the door. 你不要開門。(3) 祈使句亦可用第三人稱作主語。Somebody open the door.（注意：要用動詞原形）來個人把門打開。Henry read the poem first.（注意：要用動詞原形）亨利先讀這首詩。Parents with children go to the fr

20、ont.帶孩子的家長到前面去。Dont anybody open the door. （注意：要用dont 而不是用 doesnt）誰也不要開門。3祈使句的肯定與否定（1）肯定：a. 動詞多數的祈使句是以動詞原形開頭的Look right.Look left.Stand up.Sit down.Keep silence.Help!Close the door.Let me try.Let me see.Let s go.b. 形容詞 +表語Be quiet.Be quick.Be careful.Be seated.Be on time.Have a cup of tea, please.（2

21、）否定：a. Don 動t+詞原形Don t walk.Dont litter.Don t touch.Don t move.Don t cry.Don t worry.Don t run.Don t write.Don t make noise in class.Don t hit other children.Don t climb the trees.b. Don t + be動詞+ 表語Don t be late.Donbet nervous.c. No + 名詞或動名詞No swimming.No parking.No food.No smoking.第 5頁No cameras.N

22、o bikes.祈使句的否定形式一般是在謂語動詞前加上do not 或 dont （口語中），有時也可用never。若祈使句有主語，否定詞dont 或 never 要置于主語之前。Do not come in unless asked. 非請莫入。Dont you believe it. 決不要相信它。Dont anyone make any noise. 誰也不要吵吵鬧鬧。Never be late again next time.下一次千萬不要再遲到了。4. 祈使句：不同的口氣Would you kindly open the door?（最客氣）Will you please open

23、the door?（客氣）Please open the door.（客氣）Open the door, will you?（客氣）Just open the door.（對熟人的要求）Open the door.（略帶命令口氣）Open the door, you? （傲氣十足）5. 祈使句：強調可以在祈使句的動詞原形之前加上do 表示強調。Do be honest. 一定要誠實。Do be quiet a moment. 一定要安靜一會兒。Do let me go. 一定讓我去吧。Do tell me the reason. 務必告訴我理由。6. 祈使句：其他表達法Patience! 要有

24、耐心?。~）Hands up! 舉起手來?。~）Bottoms up!干杯?。~）After you!您先請！（介詞短語） Quickly!快?。ǜ痹~）十二、必背句型What is your name?My name is Li Ming.How old are you?I m twelve (years old).How are you?I m fine, think you.What are you doing (now)?I am watching TV.What are you going to do tomorrow?I am going to play football.Wh

25、at will she do next?She will go shopping.What did you do yesterday?I saw a film.What colour is it?It is pink.What time is it? = What s the time?It s 7 o clock.What your favourite subject?第 6頁English is my favourite subject.Which is your watch, the yellow one or the white one?The yellow one.Which sea

26、son do you like best?I like summer, because I can swim.Who s the man with a big nose?He is my uncle.Whose bag is it?It s my mother s.Whose socks are these?They are Jimmy s.When is your birthday?My birthday is December, 12th.Where is my ball pen?It is in your pencil case.Why do you like summer?Beacau

27、se I can eat ice cream.How many books are there in the school bag?There are five books in my bag.How old is the young man?He is 70 years old.How much is the toy bear?It is 20 yuan.How do you go to school everyday?I go to school by bus everyday.Linlin is good at drawing./ Charle is not good at dancin

28、g.Jim is tall. Tom is taller than Jim. Sam is the tallest in our class.Betty dances well. Amy dances better than Betty. Sally dances best.There are four seasons in a year, spring, summer, autumn and winter.I like bananas. / I like running.It s time to go home.It s time to go to school. = It s time f

29、or school.Excuse me.You are welcome. = That all right.Nice to nice you. = Nice to see you.打電話：Who is that?This is Tom (speaking).Exercises:Be 動詞用 am, is, are 填空（不需要的用“/表”示）。My grandma _ a doctor.Xiao Ming _ twelve years old. He _ tall and thin.Lucy and Lily _ twins.第 7頁There _ an eraser in the penci

30、l-case.There _ bananas on the table.There _ a book and three pencils on the desk.There _ a banana and some pears in the fridge._ you a policeman?No , I _ not._ she a student?Yes, she _.Who _ they?They _ my classmates, Wang lin and Zhang Jun.It _ 8 o clock.What day _ it today?It _ Tuesday.PE _ my fav

31、ourite class.This _ a yellow dress.These _ my old clothes.ILi Lei. SheLucy. She and Igood friends.Whatthese over there? Oh, theymy sweaters.your book red? Yes, it.your book and pen red? No, theynot.your books red? Yes.My clothesblue. Hisyellow.Lucy and Lilytwins. TheyAmerican. Theylook the same.Miss

32、 Gaoour English teacher. Shehas a son.His nameSun Huimin. Hein our class.The students of Class Threeon the hill now.a,an,the,some,any一、用 a,an 或 the 填空（不需要的用“/表”示）：This isAnn. She hasapple. It s red apple.Can you seeteacher in the classroom? Which one?Where istescher s desk? It s nearwindow.We can fi

33、nd“ f ” in the word“ family”.What stime? It sfour o clock.Who sman inPicture One?Where scat? It s under table.Don t look atme. Look atteacher.students of Class One are playingfootball.It s seven twenty inmorning. It s time to go to school.Li Lei is athome. He wants to go toclassroom.What colour isbi

34、rd? It s white. It swhite bird.二、用 a, an, some 或 any填空。This is _ eraser.It s _ interesting movie.The race had_ exciting finish.第 8頁My friend John is _ engineer and his wife Susan is _ teacher. They havetwo daughters, Anna and Christine. They are not childern. Anna is _ air hostess andChristineis _ h

35、airdresser. Anna has _ Italiancar, but Christinehas_ Englishbicycle.They don tlivewiththerir parents: they have _apartment. It is _ very nice apartment.Do you have _ smaller trousers? No , we don t. But we have _ shorts.There is _ tea here, but is there _ sugar in that tin? No, there it s _ sugar in

36、 this tin.Are there _ biscuits in the cupboard? There were _ here yeaterday, but there aren t _ here now.Good morning, Mrs. What would you like? I d like _ meat.Ok. The beef is nice, too. Would you like _? No, thanks. My husband doesn t like beef.Would you like a cup of tea?Yes, please.Would you lik

37、e _ milk in it?No, thanks.There are _ apples in the basket.There aren t _ books in the backpack.Are there _ tomatoes in the fridge?Yes, there are.Is there _ water in the bottle? No, there isn t _ in the bottle.There is _ juice in the glass.代詞練習一、選擇：1. _ am wearing a white coat.(I / me)2. These green

38、 shoes are nice. I like _. (they / them)3. Look! There are some rabbits. Oh! _ are so cute. ( they / them)4. Ann is a good student. _ is good at English. Her teacher likes _. (she / her)5. Look! Some boys are playing football. Who is the boy in the green T-shirt?_ is Robert. _ is my good friend. ( h

39、e / him) 6. Can _ help you? (I / me)7. Give _ the book, please. (I / me)8. I like these shorts. How much are _? _ 20 yuan. (they / them)9. Can _ see the cap? (you / him)10. What size do _ want? (you / she)11. I like this tie. How much is _? (it / its)12. _ name is Lily. (I / my)13. _ mother is a doc

40、tor. (her / she)第 9頁14. Ken is shopping with _ father. (he / his)15. Is this _ sweater? (your / you)16. _ are students. (we / us)二、用括號中所給單詞的正確形式填空：1、 The boy is（ I） brother . Please give（ I） pen to（ he） .2、 This is（ he） rubber . Where is（ I） ?3、（ he） is（ my father ） friend .4、 This is not（ you） bike

41、 . It is（ my） .5、 Where is Tom ?（ he） mother is looking for（ he） .6、 This dress is so beautiful . I like（it） colour .7、 Is that computer（ you ）? No , it is not（ I）.8、 You can speak to（ I）. I am（ they） teacher .9、 Are these（ we） clothes ?No ,（ you） are on the bed .10、 Is this（ she）car ? No ,（ she） is

42、 over there .11、 This is not（ us） class .（ us） is in that building .12、（ she） is writing a letter to（ she） sister .13、（ she） is（ we） teacher . We call（ she）Miss Li .14、 This is（he） coat . That one isn t（ he） .15、（ we ）are going to have a picnic tomorrow . Would you like to join（ we） .16、 The childre

43、n are in（Jim ） room .三、改錯。1、 Is that ruler your ?2、 He is ours good friend .3、 Hers brother s name is Bob .形容詞性物主代詞一、用括號中所給詞的正確形式填空：1._ is a boy. Do you know _ name?(he)2._ is a parrot. _ name is JiJi. (it)3._father is an English teacher. _ is my friend._ name is Kitty. (she)4.Lily and _ are in the

44、same class._number iseleven.( I )5.Where is _ teacher, do _ know?( you)6.Are _ Japanese friends?No, _ aren tthey).(7._ old friend / _ X /_ U(a).8.This is a cat, but I don t know_ name.9.I m a Chinese boy. _ name is Ma Weiping.10.Look at that man. Can you spell _ name?11.I know that woman. _ bike is

45、very old.12.Mr Ye is not here. Where s _?13.What is this in English ? Is _ a dog ?14.-Are _ Mrs Read ?-Sorry, _ am Mr Black.15.Excuse _, is _a Japanese car?16._ are a new student(學生 ). What s _ name?17.Hi, Jack. This is _ friend. _name is Sam.第 10 頁二、根據句意用適當的人稱代 、物主代 填空：1.Mary works in a book store.

46、 _likes _work very much.2. John and I are in the same school. _ go to school together.3. Everybody likes that sport, do _?4. She is a friend of _ . We got to know each other two years ago.5. Her sister makes all _ own dresses.6. I have many friends. Some of_are good at English.7. May I use _ bike? _is broken介 、副 、 合 一、用 in, on, at, over, in f