譯林小學(xué)英語專題復(fù)習(xí) 名詞復(fù)數(shù)

1、名詞復(fù)數(shù)變化 規(guī)則變化 1) 一般情況加s 例如：map-maps boy-boys girl-girls pen-pens bag-bags car-cars （清輔音后讀/s/，濁輔音和元音后讀/z/，/s/、/z/、/d?/等音后發(fā)/iz/) 2) 以s, sh, ch, x結(jié)尾加es，讀/iz/。 例如：bus-buses watch-watches box-boxes brush-brushes 3) 以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾，變y為i再加es，讀/iz/。 例如：baby-babies city-cities country-countries 4) 以y結(jié)尾的專有名詞或元音字母+y結(jié)尾

2、的名詞變復(fù)數(shù)時，直接加s，讀/z/ monkey-monkeys holiday-holidays Mary-Marys(專有名詞) 5）以輔音字母+o結(jié)尾的，加es，讀/iz/。 例如：potato- potatoes tomato-tomatoes hero-heroes Negro-Negroes 7) 有些以輔音+o結(jié)尾的名詞，直接加s，讀/z/. 例如：piano-pianos photo-photos alto-altos soprano-sopranos quarto-quartos(四開本) 8）有些以f或fe結(jié)尾的，把f或fe變ve加s，例如：leaf-leaves shel

3、f-shelves 不規(guī)則變化 1） child-children foot-feet tooth-teeth mouse-mice man-men woman-women 注意：由一個詞加 man 或 woman構(gòu)成的合成詞，其復(fù)數(shù)形式也是 -men 和-women，如an Englishman，two Englishmen。但German不是合成詞，故復(fù)數(shù)形式為Germans；Bowman是姓，其復(fù)數(shù)是the Bowmans。 2）單復(fù)同形，如deer，sheep，fish，Chinese，Japanese ，li，jin，yuan，two li，three mu，four jin等。但除

4、人民幣的元、角、分外，美元、英鎊、法郎等都有復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：a dollar, two dollars; a meter, two meters。 3）集體名詞，以單數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)，但實為復(fù)數(shù)。例如： people police cattle 等本身就是復(fù)數(shù)，不能說 a people，a police，a cattle，但可以說a person，a policeman，a head of cattle. 4） 以s結(jié)尾，仍為單數(shù)的名詞，如： a. maths，politics，physics等學(xué)科名詞，一般是不可數(shù)名詞，為單數(shù)。 b. news 為不可數(shù)名詞。 c. the United State

5、s，the United Nations 應(yīng)視為單數(shù)。 The United Nations was organized in 1945. 聯(lián)合國是1945年組建起來的。 d. 以復(fù)數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)的書名，劇名，報紙，雜志名，也可視為單數(shù)。例如： The Arabian Nights is a very interesting story-book. 一千零一夜是一本非常有趣的故事書。 clothestrousers, （眼鏡）glasses 表示由兩部分構(gòu)成的東西，如： ）5等，若表達(dá)具體數(shù)目，要借助數(shù)量詞 pair（對，雙）; suit（套）; a pair of glasses; two pa

6、irs of trousers等。 6） 另外還有一些名詞，其復(fù)數(shù)形式有時可表示特別意思，如：goods貨物，waters水域，fishes（各種）魚。 7） 有些表示生物的名詞，其復(fù)數(shù)形式與單數(shù)相同。如：fish-fish, sheep-sheep, deer-deer。這類名詞還有aircraft, means等 不可數(shù)名詞 1）物質(zhì)名詞 a. 當(dāng)物質(zhì)名詞轉(zhuǎn)化為個體名詞時為可數(shù)。 比較：Cake is a kind of food. 蛋糕是一種食物。 （不可數(shù)） These cakes are sweet. 這些蛋糕很好吃。 （可數(shù)） b. 當(dāng)物質(zhì)名詞表示該物質(zhì)的種類時，可數(shù)。例如： Th

7、is factory produces steel. （不可數(shù)） We need various steels. （可數(shù)） c. 當(dāng)物質(zhì)名詞表示份數(shù)時，可數(shù)。例如： Our country is famous for tea. 我國因茶葉而聞名。 Two teas, please. 請來兩杯茶。 2） 抽象名詞表示具體的事例時也可數(shù)。例如： four freedoms四大自由the four modernizations四個現(xiàn)代化 物質(zhì)名詞和抽象名詞可以借助單位詞表一定的數(shù)量，如a glass of water a piece of advice a pile of caol a flash

8、of lightening a burst of laughter 名詞復(fù)數(shù)練習(xí) 一、單項選擇 ( )1. The _ in our yard are very beautiful. A. cloth B. water C. flowers ( )2. Tom is one of the Chinese _ in our school. A. boy B. boys C. boies ( )3. A cat has four _ , doesnt it? A. foots B. feet C. feets ( )4. There are three _ and five _ in the ro

9、om. A. American, Japanese B Americans, Japanese C. American, Japanese ( )5. Can you see nine _ in the picture? A. fish B. book C. horse ( )6. The _ has two_. A. boy; watch B. boy; watches C. boys; watch ( )7. The _ are flying back to their country. A. Germany B. Germanys C. Germans ( )8. The girl br

10、ushes her _ every day before he goes to bed. C. teeths B. teeth A. tooths ( )9.I saw many _ in the street. A. peoples B.people C.peoples ( )10.The green sweater is his _. A.brother B.brothers C.brothers 二、選擇填空 ( )1. They come from different _ A. country B. countries C. a country D. countrys ( )2. Ho

11、w many _ do you see in the picture? A. tomatos B. tomatoes C. tomato D. the tomato ( )3. They are_. A . woman teachers B. women teachers C. women teacher D. woman teacher ( )4. Would you like _ ,please? A. two glass of water B. two glasses of water C. two glass of waters D. two glasses of waters ( )

12、5. Most of _ live in _. A. Germans, German B. German, Germen C. Germen, Germany D. Germans, Germany ( )6. There are some _ in these _. A. knifes pencil-boxes B. knives pencils-box C. knives pencil-box D. knives pencils-boxes ( )7. _ like _ by air. A. Greens, travelling B. The Green, traveling C. The

13、 Greens, travel D. The Greens, traveling ( )8. I wonder why _ are interested in action films(武打片). A. the people B. people C. peoples D. the peoples ( )9. There is no _ in the plate. A. apples B. oranges C. rice D. eggs ( )10.My uncle has three _. A.child B.childs C.children D.childrens 三. 填入所給名詞的正確形式 1. I have two_ (knife) 2. There are many _ here. (box) 3. There are many _ on the road. (bus) 4. A few _ are drawing on the wall. (boy) 5. The _ are playing fo