U5Grammar-Ellipsis

1、Ellipsis Unit 5 First aid,Grammar,By Li Yunshan,You can get burned by hot liquids and you can also get burned by steam. 2. Tie a bandage firmly over the burnt area, when a bandage is necessary. 3. First degree burns turn white when they are pressed. 4. Second degree burns are not so serious and shou

2、ld feel better within a day or two days. 5. Second degree burns affect the top layer of the skin and they also affect the second layer of the skin,Revision: True or False,T,T,T,F,T,A You can get burned by hot liquids and you can also get burned by steam. B. You can get burned by hot liquids and stea

3、m. 2. A. Tie a bandage firmly over the burnt area, when a bandage is necessary. B. Tie a bandage firmly over the burnt area, when necessary. 3. A. First degree burns turn white when they are pressed. B. First degree burns turn white when pressed,主語和謂語,主語和謂語,主語和謂語,Discovery : Find out the differences

4、 between A and B,4. A. Second degree burns are not so serious and they should feel better within a day or two days. B. Second degree burns are not so serious and should feel better within a day or two. 5. A. Second degree burns affect the top layer of the skin and they also affect the second layer o

5、f the skin. B. Second degree burns affect both the top and the second layer of the skin,主語，重復(fù)的詞,主語, 賓語,Ellipsis,Grammar,1. 省略句的定義,省略是為了避免重復(fù)、突出新信息并使 上下文緊密連接的一種語法修辭手段,2. 句子成分的省略,省略前提: 主謂賓, 定狀表, 如有重復(fù)可刪掉,省略原則: 詞語省略后, 不致令人費解,省略類型： 1. 心照不宣型 (用于祈使句和某些現(xiàn)成的簡單句中)； 2. 承前省后型 (用于對話、并列句和動詞不定式中)； 3. 可有可無型 ( 用于賓語從句中

6、的that、定語從句中作 賓語的whom, which, that和某些狀語從句中,1. 省略主語: 祈使句中的主語通常被省略; 其他省略的主語的情況多限于少數(shù)現(xiàn)成的說法,1) (You) Come in, please. (2) ( I ) See you tomorrow. (3) ( I ) Thank you for your help. (4) ( I ) Beg your pardon,簡單句中的省略,Practice: Take out the unnecessary parts of the following sentences.(P37 Ex 2,The burn that

7、 she got from the iron was red and it was very painful. A boy was on the left side of the sick woman, and a girl was on the right side of the sick woman. She has a daughter who is in hospital. He went to the doctor because he had to go to the doctor. Did she pass the first aid test that she did yest

8、erday or didnt she pass? She could not decide whether to send him to hospital or not to send him to hospital,Take out the unnecessary parts of the following sentences,When your nose is bleeding, you should bend forward so that the blood runs out of your nose and the blood doesnt run down your throat

9、. Only some of the students have done a first aid course but most of the students havent done a first aid course,The burn she got from the iron was red and very painful. A boy was on the left side of the sick woman, and a girl on the right. She has a daughter in hospital. He went to the doctor becau

10、se he had to,Suggested answers,Did she pass the first aid test she did yesterday or not? She could not decide whether to send him to hospital or not. When your nose is bleeding, bend forward so the blood runs out of your nose and not down your throat. Only some of the students have done a first aid

11、course but most havent,These sentences are correct. However, one or more words have been left out .Rewrite each sentence to include the missing words.(P37 Ex 3,1.The temple surrounded by a wall belongs to the local government. 2.The first book I read this term was more interesting than the second. 3

12、.To her teachers surprise, she did better in her first aid exam than expected. 4.I dont think they have returned from the hospital, but they might have. 5.He wanted to help the accident victim but his friend didnt. 6.You can borrow my first aid notes if you want to,The temple which is surrounded by

13、a wall belongs to the local government. The first book that I read this term was more interesting than the second book that I read this term. To her teachers surprise, she did better in her first aid exam than she was expected to do . I dont think they have returned from the hospital ,but they might

14、 have returned from the hospital. He wanted to help the accident victim but his friend didnt want to help the accident victim. You can borrow my first aid notes if you want to borrow my first aid notes,1. 省略主語: 祈使句中的主語通常被省略; 其他省略的主語的情況多限于少數(shù)現(xiàn)成的說法,1) (You) Come in, please. (2) ( I ) See you tomorrow.

15、(3) ( I ) Beg your pardon,簡單句中的省略,2. 省略主語或謂語的一部分,簡單句中的省略,1) (There is) No smoking. (2) (Will you) Have a smoke? (3) Why (do you) not say hello to him? (4) How (do you think) about a cup of tea? (5) (You come) this way, please,3. 省略賓語：可省略賓語的全部；可省略作賓語 的動詞不定式，只保留to，但如果該賓語是動詞 be或完成時態(tài)，則須在to后加上be或have,Do

16、you know Miss Hu? -I dont know (her). (2) Dont touch anything unless the teacher tells you to (touch). (3) -Are you a teacher? -No, but I want to be (a teacher). (4) -He hasnt finished the task. -Well, he ought to have (finish it,4. 省略表語,Are you thirsty? -Yes, I am (thirsty). His brother is lazy. No

17、r is his sister (lazy,并列句中的省略,兩個并列分句中，后一分句常省略與前一分句 中相同的部分,My father is a doctor and my mother (is) a nurse. (2) I study at college and my sister (studies) at high school. (3) Lins father was not at home, but his mother was (at home,主從復(fù)合句中的省略,1. 主句中有一些主謂被省略,Im) Sorry to hear that you are ill. (2) (It

18、s) a pity that you missed such a good chance,2. 省略從句中與主句相同的部分,They do not visit their parents as much as they ought to (visit their parents,3. 主句與從句各有一些成分被省略,The sooner (you do it) , the better (it will be,其他省略,1. 連詞that的省略,賓語從句中常省略連詞that。 I know he is a student. (2) 在定語從句中，that在從句中作賓語時可省略。另外， 凡是進行時

19、態(tài)和被動語態(tài)的定語從句都可省略關(guān)系代詞 和be 動詞。 He likes the songs (that) Andy Lau sings. He likes the songs (that are) sung by Andy Lau,that,2. 在某些狀語從句中，從句的主語與主句的 主語一致時，可省去“主語+be”部分,1) When still a boy of 10, he had to work day and night,2) She tried her best though rather poor in health,3) While cycling, dont forget

20、the traffic lights. 騎車時, 不要忘記看紅綠燈,you are,you,he was,she was,3. 不定式符號to的省略,1) 并列的不定式可省去后面的 to。 I told him to sit down and wait for a moment. 2) help 當(dāng)“幫助”講時, 后面的賓語或賓補的 不定式符號to可帶可不帶。 I will help (to) do it for you. I will help you (to) do it. (3) 介詞but前若有動詞do, 后面的不定式不帶 to. The boy did nothing but pla

21、y,4) 某些使役動詞（let, make, have）及感官動詞 （see, watch, hear, notice, observe, feel, look at, listen to等）后面作賓語補足語的不定式一定 要省去 to，但在被動語態(tài)中須將to 復(fù)原。 I saw the boy fall from the tree. The boy was seen to fall from the tree. The boss made us work 12 hours a day. We were made to work 12 hours a day,5) 主語從句中有動詞do，后面作表語的不定式 的to可帶可不帶。 What we can do now is (to) wait. 6) find 當(dāng)“發(fā)現(xiàn)”講時，后面作賓語補足語的 不定式符號to可帶可不帶。 We