技術(shù)交底內(nèi)墻抹灰

1、manipulator is now used as a industrial robots in use, the control objectives often appear often in industrial automation. industrial automation technology has gradually matured, as mature a technology line has been rapid development in industrial automation as a separate subject. manipulator applic

2、ation began to filter into welding, logistics, mechanical processing, and other industries. especially at high or very low temperatures, full of poisonous gases, high radiation case, robot in similar circumstances showed great use also brings great convenience to the staff. precisely because of this

3、 robot to get peoples attention began to be a high degree of development. labor rates, working conditions, labor intensive aspects of promoting development. both at home and abroad to develop the plc (programmable logic controller) is in various special circumstances and under special conditions set

4、 for mechanical devices. now turned on the development of the microelectronics automatic control technology and the rapid development of the trains, the success of plc hardware software and simulation control win big and successful development, now continues to develop as a factory automation standa

5、rds. because robots are good development of the technology makes a good optimization of productive capital, and robot shows this unique advantages, such as: has good compatibility, wide availability, hardware is complete, and programming that can be mastered in a short time, so in the context of ind

6、ustrial plc applications became ubiquitous. manipulator in many developed country agriculture and industry has been applied, such as the use of mechanical harvesting large areas of farmland, repeated operations on the high-speed line that uses a robotic arm, and so on. today, the high level of autom

7、ation combined with restrictions on the manipulator development level is slightly lower than the international. the design is mainly arm welding machine by plc automation control. this of design let designers on in school by learn of has a must of consolidation, understand has some usually didnt opp

8、ortunities awareness in world range within some leading level of knowledge has has must awareness, hope designers can in yihou of design in the can success of using in this design in the proceeds of experience 1.2 manipulator in both at home and abroad of research profile automation mechanical arm r

9、esearch began yu 20th century medium-term, after years with with computer and automation technology of development, makes mechanical arm on the grand stage of industrial automation and shine, gradually became an industrial evaluation standards, and its importance can be seen. now original robotic ar

10、m spent most of mass production and use on the production line, which is programmed robotic arm. as the first generation of manipulator position control systems main features, although not back several generations that can detect the external environment, but can still successfully complete like wel

11、ding, painting, delivery as well as for materials simple movements. second generation mechanical arms are equipped with sensors and manipulators have the environment there is a certain amount of sense, when the mechanical arm is to use the program as a basis. difference is that the robot begand技術(shù)交底記

12、錄魯jj-005工程名稱濰坊市金玉華府2樓施工單位青州市第一建筑工程有限公司交底部位裝飾工程工序名稱內(nèi)墻抹灰交底提要：相關(guān)材料、機(jī)具準(zhǔn)備、質(zhì)量要求及施工工藝。交底內(nèi)容1、 建筑做法：1、 混凝土墻面：、專用界面劑一遍 、9厚1：1：6水泥石灰砂漿 、6厚1：0.5：3水泥石灰砂漿抹平2、 蒸壓加氣砼砌塊墻面：、2厚配套專用界面砂漿批刮 、7厚1：1：6水泥石灰砂漿 、6厚1：0.5：3水泥石灰砂漿抹平2、 內(nèi)墻做法部位：1、 衛(wèi)生間、廚房、陽(yáng)臺(tái)釉面磚防水墻面；2、 樓梯間、分戶墻、電梯井與起居室客廳相鄰墻采用20mm厚膠粉聚苯顆粒；3、 其他內(nèi)墻采用抹灰墻面；三、作業(yè)條件1、必須經(jīng)過(guò)有關(guān)部門(mén)進(jìn)

13、行結(jié)構(gòu)工程的驗(yàn)收,合格后方可進(jìn)行抹灰工程。2、電線管、消火栓箱、配電箱、門(mén)窗框安裝完畢,并將背后明露部分釘好鋼絲網(wǎng)，接線盒用紙堵嚴(yán)，不同材料墻面釘好鋼絲網(wǎng)。3、根據(jù)室內(nèi)高度和抹灰現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的具體情況,提前準(zhǔn)備好抹灰高凳或腳手架,架子應(yīng)離開(kāi)墻面及墻角200250mm,穩(wěn)定牢固，以利操作。4、修正抹灰工具，尤其避免靠尺桿變形；5、樣板先行，樣板間經(jīng)檢查合格后全面進(jìn)行。三、主要材料及工具1、p.c32.5級(jí)山水水泥、河砂、石灰膏2、刮桿、抹子、托灰板、方尺、陰陽(yáng)角擼子、尺桿及卡子。四、操作工藝1、工藝流程:墻面澆水吊垂直抹灰餅?zāi)ㄋ嗵吣_或墻裙做護(hù)角抹水泥窗臺(tái)墻面充筋抹底灰抹罩面灰。2、基層處理 抹灰前檢查

14、加氣混凝土砌塊墻體，對(duì)松動(dòng)、灰縫不飽滿的拼縫、梁板頂頭縫用摻10%的108膠灰漿填塞密實(shí)。墻面凹凸不平處、砌塊缺棱掉角處以及管線槽、洞等應(yīng)用水泥石灰膏砂漿修正密實(shí)，將露出墻面的舌頭灰刮凈，墻面、圈梁、構(gòu)造柱凸出的部位剔鑿平整，對(duì)表面光滑處應(yīng)進(jìn)行鑿毛，再用鋼絲刷涂刷一遍，澆水濕潤(rùn)；3、墻面澆水：墻面在抹灰前一天應(yīng)用膠皮管自上而下澆水潤(rùn)透，抹灰時(shí)再用掃帚淋水；4、噴漿：將1：1水瘩全部粘到砼光面及加氣砼砌塊上，并有較高強(qiáng)度，手掰不動(dòng)不止。5、固定加強(qiáng)網(wǎng)：不同材料基體交接處泥細(xì)砂漿加108膠，用專用噴漿機(jī)械噴到墻上，噴點(diǎn)應(yīng)均勻，終凝后澆水養(yǎng)護(hù)，直到水泥砂漿疙、水、電管槽處、電箱洞口邊加設(shè)加強(qiáng)網(wǎng)，每邊

15、搭接不小于100mm。加強(qiáng)網(wǎng)粘貼不符合要求決不允許抹灰施工。6、吊垂直抹灰餅：抹灰前按規(guī)矩找方、橫線找平，立線吊直彈出準(zhǔn)線，經(jīng)檢查后確定抹灰厚度，但最小不應(yīng)小于7mm，操作時(shí)先抹上灰餅再抹下灰餅，用靠尺檢查平整度和垂直度，灰餅宜用1:3水泥砂漿抹成5cm見(jiàn)方的形狀，距離陰角500開(kāi)始設(shè)置，間隔1.5m。7、墻面充筋：用與抹灰層相同砂漿充筋,沖筋的根數(shù)應(yīng)根據(jù)房間的寬度所決定,一般筋寬為5cm。如圖：8、抹底灰：一般情況下充完筋2h左右就可以抹底灰,抹灰時(shí)先薄薄地刮一層,接著分層裝檔,找平,再用大杠垂直、水平刮找一遍,用木抹子槎毛。然后全面檢查底子灰是否平整,陰陽(yáng)角是否方正,管道處灰是否抹齊,墻與

16、頂交接是否光滑平整,并用托線板檢查墻面的垂直與平整情況。9、抹罩面灰：罩面灰抹前應(yīng)進(jìn)行一次質(zhì)檢驗(yàn)收，驗(yàn)收標(biāo)準(zhǔn)同面層，不符合處必須修正后再進(jìn)行面層施工。當(dāng)?shù)鬃踊伊?、七成干時(shí)，即可開(kāi)始抹罩面灰，罩面灰應(yīng)二遍成活，每次抹灰厚度約2，兩次抹灰總厚度為15mm。10、抹灰用的砂漿必須具有和易性，并具有一定的粘結(jié)強(qiáng)度，抹灰用的水泥砂漿在3h內(nèi)使用完畢。11、房間內(nèi)陽(yáng)角部位每邊5cm高2m用水泥砂漿抹灰護(hù)角。五、質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)（一） 主控項(xiàng)目：1、抹灰前基層表面的灰塵、污垢、油漬等應(yīng)清除干凈，并應(yīng)灑水潤(rùn)濕。2、一般抹灰所用材料的品種和性能應(yīng)符合設(shè)計(jì)要求，水泥的凝結(jié)時(shí)間和安定性復(fù)驗(yàn)應(yīng)合格，砂漿的配合比應(yīng)符合設(shè)計(jì)要求

17、。3、抹灰工程應(yīng)分層進(jìn)行。當(dāng)抹灰總厚度大于或等于35mm時(shí)，應(yīng)采取加強(qiáng)措施。不同材料基體交接處表面的抹灰，應(yīng)采取防止開(kāi)裂的加強(qiáng)措施，當(dāng)采用加強(qiáng)網(wǎng)時(shí)，加強(qiáng)網(wǎng)與各基體的搭接寬度不應(yīng)小于100mm。4、抹灰層與基層之間及各抹灰層之間必須粘結(jié)牢固，抹灰層應(yīng)無(wú)脫層、空鼓，面層應(yīng)無(wú)爆灰和裂縫。（二）一般項(xiàng)目1、表面應(yīng)光滑、潔凈、接槎平整。2、護(hù)角、孔洞、槽、盒周圍的抹灰表面應(yīng)整齊、光滑；管道后面的抹灰表面應(yīng)平整。3、抹灰層的總厚度應(yīng)符合設(shè)計(jì)要求；水泥砂漿不得抹在石灰砂漿層上；罩面石膏灰不得抹在水泥砂漿層上。4、一般抹灰的允許偏差和檢驗(yàn)方法：項(xiàng)次項(xiàng)目允許偏差檢驗(yàn)方法1立面垂直度3用2垂直檢測(cè)尺檢查2表面平整

18、度3用2m靠尺和塞尺檢查3陰陽(yáng)角方正3用直角檢測(cè)尺檢查六、成品保護(hù)1、推小車或搬運(yùn)東西時(shí),要注意不損壞口角和墻面。抹灰用的大杠和鐵鍬把不要靠在墻上。嚴(yán)禁蹬踩窗臺(tái),防止損壞其棱角。 2、拆除腳手架要輕拆輕放,拆除后材料碼放整齊,不可撞壞門(mén)窗、墻角和口角。 3、抹灰層凝結(jié)前,應(yīng)防止快干、水沖、撞擊、振動(dòng)和擠壓,以保證灰層有足夠的強(qiáng)度。4、當(dāng)天完活后做到活完料凈場(chǎng)地空，每層完成后要清理干凈。七、應(yīng)注意的質(zhì)量問(wèn)題：1、基層清理不干凈或處理不當(dāng)、墻面澆水不透,抹灰后砂漿中的水分很快被基層吸收,影響粘結(jié)力,應(yīng)認(rèn)直清理和提前澆水,使水滲入磚墻里面達(dá)8-10mm即可達(dá)到要求。2、基層偏差較大,一次抹灰過(guò)厚,干

19、縮產(chǎn)生裂縫,應(yīng)分層襯平,每層厚度為79mm。 3、配制砂漿和原材料質(zhì)量不符合要求：應(yīng)根據(jù)不同基層采用不同的配合比配制所需的砂漿,同時(shí)要加強(qiáng)對(duì)原材料和抹灰部位配合比的管理。 4、抹完罩面灰后,壓光跟得太緊,灰漿沒(méi)有收水,故壓光后多余的水氣化后產(chǎn)生起泡現(xiàn)象。 5、底灰過(guò)分干燥,抹罩面灰后,水分很快被底灰吸收,故壓光時(shí)容易出現(xiàn)漏壓或壓光困難；若澆的浮水過(guò)多,抹罩面灰后,水浮在灰層表面,壓光后易出現(xiàn)抹紋。6、石灰膏中存有未熟化的顆粒,抹灰后遇水或潮濕空氣就繼續(xù)熟化、體積膨脹,造成抹灰層的爆裂,出現(xiàn)開(kāi)花。7、抹灰面不平,陰陽(yáng)角不垂直、不方正：抹灰前應(yīng)認(rèn)真掛線,做灰餅和充筋,陰陽(yáng)角處亦要充筋、順杠、找規(guī)矩

20、。8、接頂、接地陰角處不順直：抹灰時(shí)沒(méi)有橫豎刮杠,為保證陰角的順直,必須用橫杠檢查底灰,是否平整,修整后方可罩面。八、安全注意事項(xiàng)1、進(jìn)入施工現(xiàn)場(chǎng)必須遵守安全生產(chǎn)紀(jì)律和操作規(guī)程，佩戴安全帽等安全防護(hù)用品，現(xiàn)場(chǎng)嚴(yán)禁吸煙，禁止酒后作業(yè)。2、室內(nèi)抹灰使用的木凳、腳手架應(yīng)搭設(shè)平穩(wěn)牢固，腳手板跨度不大于2m，架子上堆放材料不得過(guò)于集中，在同一跨度內(nèi)不應(yīng)超過(guò)兩人。3、腳手架上不得有探頭板，架板嚴(yán)禁支搭在門(mén)窗、水暖管道上。4、攪拌與抹灰時(shí)，要注意防止灰漿及雜物落入眼內(nèi)，造成事故。5、在室內(nèi)推車運(yùn)輸時(shí)，注意不要碰撞架子，過(guò)道轉(zhuǎn)彎時(shí)注意防止小車把擠手，推車時(shí)不準(zhǔn)倒退。6、室內(nèi)要有足夠的光線，在黑暗潮濕環(huán)境作業(yè)應(yīng)

21、采用安全電壓照明。7、在預(yù)留洞口作業(yè)時(shí)，應(yīng)設(shè)安全防護(hù)設(shè)施，操作人員不得隨意拆動(dòng)防護(hù)設(shè)施。8、所用砂漿攪拌機(jī)要由專人操作，做好接地保護(hù)，保證一機(jī)一閘。九、環(huán)境保護(hù)措施：1、加強(qiáng)宣傳與教育，提高工人的環(huán)保意識(shí)，使大家認(rèn)識(shí)到環(huán)保的重要性。2、保持施工場(chǎng)地清潔干凈，嚴(yán)禁室內(nèi)住宿、隨地大小便。3、施工完后要做到工完、場(chǎng)清、料盡，砂漿攪拌機(jī)每天用完后要及時(shí)清洗。4、嚴(yán)禁在地上拌制砂漿及直接在地上堆放砂漿。5、施工現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的垃圾、渣土要及時(shí)清運(yùn)，嚴(yán)禁凌空拋灑，做到現(xiàn)場(chǎng)文明施工。 項(xiàng)目（專業(yè)）技術(shù)負(fù)責(zé)人交底人接受交底人fitted with exhaust started to thermal cracking.

22、 carefully heat the liquid to make it start to boil until liquid clarified further heated 1h. liquid cooling in the distillation flask, funnel moving quantitative samadhi n distillation distillation flask and rinse several times until the total solution volume is about 200ml in the retort. note that

23、 distiller should be distilled in advance, wash the ammonia. adjusting nitrogen lower end of the condenser of the distillation unit, so that it happens to come across bottom of the flask. this bottle pre 25ml sulfuric acid solution. sodium hydroxide solution through the funnel 90ml lysis solution af

24、ter alkali. note funnel neck cannot be emptied to ensure sealing. open the condenser tubes of condensed water, began distilling. in this process, ensure the amount of steam produced is constant. about 150ml 2030min collected the liquid in a volumetric flask, to stop distillation. lowering of the vol

25、umetric flask, condenser tube left the surface, allow excess condensed water to drip into the bottle, and then rinsing with water condenser tube ends, water drip into the bottle, secured the release of ammonia into the volumetric flask quantitatively. add water to the flask scale, shake well. prepar

26、ation of standard curve for a group of at least five per cent of the standard reference solution of known concentration of ammonium group. each standard solution through a straw draw 50ml respectively into a set of looml in the erlenmeyer flask. learn 50ml, looml conical bottle water in the other, f

27、or ammonium on the standard curve .manipulator control mode and programmable controllers introduction 2.1 select discussion with manipulator control 2.1.1 classification of control relays and discrete electronic circuit can control old industrial equipment, but also more common. mainly these two rel

28、atively cheap and you can meet the old-fashioned, simple (or simple) industrial equipment. so he can see them now, however these two control modes (relay and discrete electronic circuits) are these fatal flaws: (1) cannot adapt to the complex logic control, (2) only for the current project, the lack

29、 of compatibility and (3) not reforming the system with equipment improvements. spring for the development of chinas modern industrial automation technology the substantial increase in the level of industrial automation, completed the perfect relay of the computer too much. in terms of controlling t

30、he computer showed his two great advantages: (1) each of the hardware can be installed on one or more microprocessors; (2) the official designer of the software writing content control is all about. now in several ways in the context of industrial automation can often be seen in three ways: (1) prog

31、rammable logical controller (referred to as ipc); (2) distributed control system (dcs for short), and (3) the programmable logical controller (plc for short). 2.1.2 plc and the ipc and dcs contrast contrast 1, each of the three technologies of origins and development requirements for fast data proce

32、ssing makes it invented the computer. the men brought in terms of hardware there, using a high level of standardization, can use more compatibility tools, is a rich software resources, especially the need for immediacy in operational systems. so the computer can effectively control is used to control and