被動語態(tài)專項練習(xí)[基礎(chǔ)資料]

1、被動語態(tài) 一、什么是語態(tài)？ 語態(tài)是英語動詞的一種表現(xiàn)形式，用來說明主語和 謂語動詞之間的關(guān)系。 二、語態(tài)的種類：,（1）主動語態(tài) （2）被動語態(tài),三、什么是主動語態(tài)？什么是被動語態(tài)？ 四、被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成：(八種時態(tài)下的被動語態(tài)）,be + 及物動詞的過去分詞 can/may/must+ be +過去分詞,1,蒼松優(yōu)選,am/is/are +done (過去分詞) 一般現(xiàn)在時 2) has /have been done 現(xiàn)在完成時 3)am/is /are being done 現(xiàn)在進行時 4)was/were done 一般過去時 5)had been done 過去完成時,All the

2、preparations for the task have been completed,A new cinema is being built here,I was given ten minutes to decide.,By the end of last year, another new gym had been completed in Beijing.,2,蒼松優(yōu)選,1 We clean our classroom every day. 2, People prodoce tea in the south. 3, She waters the flowers twice a w

3、eek. 4 , They sell good bikes in this shop. 5, Ordinary people cause a lot of air pollution. 6, Teachers teach English in our school 時態(tài) 單復(fù)數(shù) 用不用 by 短語 理解,3,蒼松優(yōu)選,1, She ceaned all the desks today. 2,We bought our new TV in this shop. 3, People planted 5000 trees there. 4, The teacher told him to do it

4、 again. 5, We will build a new school here. 6, We are going to raise money for protecting our environment. 7, She is going to take all the books there. 8, We can clean our room this afternoon. 9, They must do their homework today. 10, We have to finish the work taday.,4,蒼松優(yōu)選,1, We have finished all

5、that work taday. 2, He has returned all the books to him. 3, They are cleaning the room now. 4, She is selling the green apples. 5, We saw him go there by himself. 6, She makes her son read English every morning. 7, She _ ( tell) to go there yesterday. 8, The boy _ ( take ) to the hospital at once.

6、9, The work must _ ( do ) this week.,5,蒼松優(yōu)選,6)was/were being done 過去進行時 7)shall/will be done 一般將來時 8） should/would be done 過去將來時 被動語態(tài)的特殊結(jié)構(gòu)形式1）帶情態(tài)動詞的被動結(jié)構(gòu) 其形式為：情態(tài)動詞be過去分詞。,A meeting was being held when I was there.,Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes.,The news would be sent to the sold

7、iers mother as soon as it arrived.,The baby can be taken good care of by the baby-sitter.,6,蒼松優(yōu)選,It is said that the boy has passed the national exam,The boy is said to have passed the national exam,7,蒼松優(yōu)選,5、主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)應(yīng)注意的問題 1.把主動語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，應(yīng)保留主動語態(tài)原來 的時態(tài)。如：She often cleans the house. The house is ofte

8、n cleaned by her. 2.有些動詞可以有雙賓語，在用于被動結(jié)構(gòu)時， 通常變?yōu)橹髡Z的是間接賓語（sb.）,His mother gave him a present for his birthday,He was given a present by his mother for his birthday.,8,蒼松優(yōu)選,3) 當“動詞+賓語+賓語補足語”結(jié)構(gòu)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時， 將賓語變?yōu)楸粍咏Y(jié)構(gòu)中的主語，其余不動.,Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette(香煙）,=The boy was caught smoking a cigaret

9、te.,4）在使役動詞have, make, get以及 感官動詞see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe 等變?yōu)楸粍咏Y(jié)構(gòu)時，要加to,Someone saw a stranger walk into the building,=A stranger was seen to walk into the building.,9,蒼松優(yōu)選,5) 有些相當于及物動詞的動詞詞組， 如“動詞介詞”，“動詞副詞”等， 也可以用于被動結(jié)構(gòu)，但要把它們看作一個整體， 不能分開。其中的介詞或副詞也不能省略。,The meeting is to be put off till

10、 Friday,10,蒼松優(yōu)選,一、系動詞 taste, smell, feel, sound, prove 等可用主動形式表達被動意義。如:,1這些花聞起來很香。 2那聽起來很有道理。 3那食物嘗起來很可口。,These flowers smell sweet.,That sounds very reasonable.,The food tastes delicious.,11,蒼松優(yōu)選,二、某些與 cant wont 等連用的不及物動 詞，如move, lock, shut, open 等可用主動 形式表達被動意義。如：,1盒子不能移動。 2門不會關(guān)。,The box cant move.

11、,The door wont shut.,12,蒼松優(yōu)選,三、某些可用來表示主語內(nèi)在品質(zhì)或性能 的不及物動詞，如 sell, write, wash, clean, last(耐久), wear(耐穿), 等可用主動形式表 達被動意義. 如:,This kind of food sells well. 這種食物暢銷。,This cloth washes well and lasts long. 這布料經(jīng)洗、耐穿。,The floor doesnt clean easily. 這地板不容易弄干凈。,13,蒼松優(yōu)選,五、形容詞 worth 后面要用動名詞的主 動形式表示被動意義。如：,1小說值得一

12、讀。 2事情值得做。,The novel is worth reading.,The thing is worth doing.,14,蒼松優(yōu)選,四、在動詞 require, need, want 等動詞之 后，可用動名詞的主動形式表示被動意義。,1樹需要澆水。 2孩子需要照顧。 3電視機需要修理。,The trees need watering.,Children want looking after.,The TV needs mending.,15,蒼松優(yōu)選,六、動詞不定式的主動形式表示被動意義：,不定式作定語與被修飾的名詞或代詞構(gòu)成 動賓關(guān)系時，如：,我有許多事情要做。 他有幾項任務(wù)要

13、完成。,I have a lot of things to do.,He has several tasks to complete.,16,蒼松優(yōu)選,2. 在“系動詞+形容詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)中， 常見句型有：,n. +be + too + adj. + to do The plane is too high to see. 2) n. +be + adj. + enough + to do The book is cheap enough for me to buy. 3) n. + be + adj. + to do The question is not easy to answer.,1

14、7,蒼松優(yōu)選,課堂練習(xí) （一）改寫句子 1. We plant trees in spring every year. _ by us in spring every year. 2. She posted the letter yesterday. _ by her yesterday. 3. Mr Turner gave me a birthday present. _a birthday present by Mr Turner. 4. He is drawing a picture. _ by him. 5. You may hand in your homework tomorrow

15、. _ by you tomorrow. 6. She is going to write a letter. _ by her.,Trees are planted,The letter was posted,I was given,A picture is being drawn,Your homework may be handed in,A letter is going to be written,18,蒼松優(yōu)選,7. I have given you the new book. _ to you. 8. Her bag cannot be found by her. _ her b

16、ag. 9. Do you often hear her sing Russian songs? _Russian songs by you? 10. She doesnt let her son swim in the river. _ in the river by her. 11. The bridge was being built by them at this time last year. _ the bridge at this time last year. 12. Does she often sing the song? _ by her?,The new book ha

17、s been given,She cannot find,Is she often heard to sing,Her son isnt let to swim,They were building,Is the song often sung,19,蒼松優(yōu)選,1. If city noises _ from increasing，people _ shout to be heard even at dinner A are not kept；will have toB are not kept；have C do not keep；will have to D do not keep；hav

18、e to 2. The fifth generation computers, _and perfected now. A. developed B. have developed C. are being developed D. will have been developed3. - _ the sports meet might be put off - Yes，it all depends on the weather A Ive been told B Ive told C Im told D I told,A,C,A,20,蒼松優(yōu)選,4. I need one more stam

19、p before my collection _. A. has completed B. completes C. has been completed D. is completed 5. Rainforests _ and burned at such a speed that they will disappear from the earth in the near future. A. cut B. are cut C. are being cut D. had been cut 6. The new bridge _ by the end of last month. A. ha

20、s been designed B. had been designed C. was designed D. would be designed7. When part of a pencil is in a glass of water, it looks as if it _. A. breaks B. has broken C. was broken D. had been broken,D,C,B,C,21,蒼松優(yōu)選,8. Great changes _ in the city, and a lot of factories _. A. have been taken place;

21、have been set up B. have taken place; have been set upC. have taken place; have set up D. were taken place; were set up9. That suit _ over 60 dollars. A. had costed B. costed C. is costed D. cost10. - Look! Everything here is under construction. - Whats the pretty small house that _ for?A. is being

22、built B. has been built C. is built D. is building 11.- Do you like the cloth? - Yes, it _ very soft. A. is feeling B. felt C. feels D. is felt,B,D,A,C,22,蒼松優(yōu)選,12. It is difficult for a foreigner _ Chinese A write B to write C to be written D written 13. I have no more letters _ ，thank you A to type

23、 B typing C to be typed D typed14. Take care! Dont drop the ink on your shirt, for it _ easily. A. wont wash out B. wont be washed out C. isnt washed out D. isnt washing out15. Nobody noticed the thief slip into the house because the lights happened to _. A. be put up B. give in C. be turned on D. g

24、o out,B,C,A,D,23,蒼松優(yōu)選,16. The computers on the table _ Professor Smith. A. belongs B. are belonged to C. belongs to D. belong to17. - What do you think of the book?-Oh, excellent. Its worth _ a second time. A. to read B. to be read C. reading D. being read18. The squirrel was lucky that it just missed _. A. catching B. to be caught C. being caught D. to catch 19. This page needed _