賓語從句語法

1、精品課件,1,復合句由主句和從句構成，通過引導詞來連接主 句跟從句。從句作什么成分就叫什么從句。從句在復合句中作賓語的句子叫賓語從句。,1.“It is sunny today”. Tom says.,Tom says that it is sunny today.,2. “Is it sunny toady?” Tom asks.,Tom asks if sunny today.,weather,3. “Whats the weather like today?” Tom asks.,Tom asks what like today.,it is,the weather is,精品課件,2,

2、1.“ The class begins at eight”. Tina says.,2. “Does the class begin at eight?” Tina asks.,3. “When does the class begin?” Tina asks.,Tina says that the class begins at eight.,Tina asks if the class begins at eight.,Tina asks when the class begins.,精品課件,3,Tom wonders what the weather is like today?,T

3、om wonders what the weather was like yesterday?,Tom wonders what the weather will be like tomorrow?,主句為一般現(xiàn)在時，從句可以根據(jù)表達需要用任意的時態(tài)。,精品課件,4,3.He wonders if/whether Tom will go to Beijing tomorrow.,He wondered if/whether Tom go to Beijing tomorrow.,would,2.Are the children playing games? I wanted to know.,

4、I wanted to know if/whether the children were playing games.,1.I wanted to know. Where is the nearest post office.,I wanted to know where the nearest post office was.,主句為一般過去時，從句要用過去的某種時態(tài)。,精品課件,5,He said that light faster than sound.,travels,當主句的謂語是過去時，但從句如果是客觀真理或客觀事實時，用一般現(xiàn)在時不變。,常用的幾個真理： The earth t

5、ravels around the sun . 地球繞著太陽轉。 The sun rises in the east . 太陽從東邊升起。 Light travels faster than sound . 光的速度比聲音的快。,精品課件,6,賓語從句總結,含義：一個句子充當賓語 that:無實意(原句是陳述句) if/whether:是否(原句是一般疑問句) 特殊疑問詞(原句是特殊疑問句) 語序：陳述句語序 1.主句 一般現(xiàn)在時 從句任意時態(tài) 2.主句一般過去時 從句過去時態(tài) 3.賓語從句表示客觀事實用一般過去時， 不受主句時態(tài)影響。,賓語從句,引導詞,時態(tài),精品課件,7,1.I want

6、to know . A. when we should arrive there B. when should we arrive there C. when will we arrive there D.when did we arrive 2. Our teacher said the earth (go) around the sun. 3. She told us she (not watch) TV on weekends . 4. We all knew they (can) play the piano well . 5. She said she (watch) TV at 5

7、 oclock yesterday .,精品課件,8,1.They didnt think there a snake in the room . A.be B. was C. has D. had 2. Excuse me , could you tell me for Taiwan ? The day after tomorrow . A. when did you leave B. when you are leaving C. when are you leaving 3. I asked you where _ go . A. we will B.will we C. we woul

8、d D. would we 4.Our physics teacher asked . A.if is everyone here B. if everyone is here C. if everyone was here D. if was everyone here,精品課件,9,5. Do you know the man under the tree ? I dont know . A.how is he B. what is he C. who he is 6.The teacher said she (take) us to the park the next day . 7.

9、Toms father said they (go) on a vacation next week .,精品課件,10,一把原來的兩個簡單句合并為一個包含賓語從句的復合句時要注意： 當原句句是陳述句時，引導詞是that, 可省略無意義；當原句是一般疑問句時,引導詞為if或whether，不可省，是“是否”的意思； 當原句是特殊疑問句時，引導詞是特殊疑問詞，不可省，意思即疑問詞本身的意思。 二if 有兩個意思，一個是“是否”，一個是“如果”。當if 在want, know, wonder, tell, ask等實意動詞后面時意思是“是否”，這時if是一個賓語從句的引導詞，if后面的賓語從句要根

10、據(jù)時間狀語或語境選擇時態(tài)；當if放在句首時，意思是“如果”，這時if 引導的是條件狀語從句，后面的從句用一般現(xiàn)在時。 三. 含有賓從的符合句轉換成簡單句，使用“動詞+疑問詞+to do ”結構。例如： She wanted to know how they would go there . She wanted to know there .,精品課件,11,四. 賓語從句的引導詞if和whether通?？梢曰Q，但以下情況只能用whether,不能用if: 1.在介詞后面。如：Im thinking of whether we should go to see the film. 2.與or

11、 not 連用時。I cant say whether or not they can come on time. 3.和動詞不定式連用時。I dont know whehter to see my doctor today. 五.陳述語序：當從句是陳述句時，語序不變；當從句是一般疑問句或特殊疑問句時，要把原來的疑問語序變?yōu)殛愂稣Z序（do類助動詞的先去掉，然后將動詞變?yōu)楦鷦釉~一致的形式；其他類助動詞跟主語交換位置。）,精品課件,12,六.賓語從句的時態(tài) （1）主句的謂語動詞為一般現(xiàn)在時時，從句的謂語動詞根據(jù)時間狀語或實際語境選擇任意時態(tài)；如： I know that he lived her

12、e ten days ago. I know that he will live here tomorrow. I know he has been to Beijing before. （ 2）當主句的謂語時態(tài)是過去時時，從句謂語要變?yōu)橄鄳倪^去時. 如：The teacher told us they would go to the movies this evening. (3)從句時態(tài)不受主句的限制：當主句的謂語是過去時，但從句如果是客觀真理或客觀事實時，用一般現(xiàn)在時不變。常用的幾個真理： The earth travels around the sun . 地球繞著太陽轉。 The

13、sun rises in the east . 太陽從東邊升起。 Light travels faster than sound .光的速度比聲音的快。,精品課件,13,七.感嘆句是表示驚奇,驚訝等強烈情感的句子，句末用感嘆號，引導詞有what，how. What的三種句式： 1. What +a/an +形容詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+主語+謂語！如：What an interesting story it is! 2.What+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)+主語+謂語！ 如：What good books they are! 3. What+形容詞+不可數(shù)名詞+主語+謂語！ 如：What bad weath

14、er it is! How的兩種句式： 1.How+形容詞/副詞+主語+謂語！ 如：How clever she is! How heavily it is raining! 2.How +形容詞+a/an+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+主語+謂語！ 如：How interesting a story it is!(=What an interesting story it is!),精品課件,14,1. _ bad news it was! A. What a B.How a C. What D.How 2.Did you watch this TV show? Yes. _ interesting it was! A.How B. What C. What a 3. Look! _ tall buildings they are! A. What B.How C. How a D. What a 4. The