海洋生物學(xué)課件：MarinePlankton

1、,Marine Plankton, 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.,Classification of Life,Three domains Archaea Bacteria Eukarya, 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.,Classification of Living Organisms,Five kingdoms Monera Protoctista Fungi Plantae Animalia, 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.,Five Kingdoms of Organisms,Monera Simple

2、st organisms, single-celled Cyanobacteria, heterotrophic bacteria, archaea Protoctista Single- and multicelled with nucleus Algae, protozoa Fungi Mold, lichen, 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.,Five Kingdoms of Organisms,Plantae Multicelled photosynthetic plants Surf grass, eelgrass, mangrove, marsh gras

3、ses Animalia Multicelled animals Range from simple sponges to complex vertebrates, 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.,Taxonomic Classification,Carolus Linnaeus 1758 Developed basis of modern classification of organisms Taxonomy systematic classification of organisms Physical characteristics Genetic inform

4、ation, 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.,Taxonomy,Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species Fundamental unit Population of genetically similar, interbreeding individuals, 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.,Classification of Marine Organisms,Plankton (floaters) Nekton (swimmers) Benthos (bottom dwellers),

5、 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.,Types of Plankton,Most biomass on Earth consists of plankton. Phytoplankton Autotrophic Zooplankton Heterotrophic, 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.,Other Types of Plankton,Bacterioplankton Virioplankton Holoplankton Entire lives as plankton Meroplankton Part of lives as pla

6、nkton Juvenile or larval stages Macroplankton Large floaters such as jellyfish or Sargassum Picoplankton Very small floaters such as bacterioplankton,Marine life 3 categories: Benthos: bottom dwellers; sponges, crabs Nekton: strong swimmers- whales, fish, squid Plankton: animal/plants that drift in

7、water. The have little control over their movement. Includes: diatoms, dinoflagellates, larvae, jellyfish, bacteria.,Plankton,What physical factors are plankton subject to?,Waves Tides Currents,Plankton classified by: Size Habitat Taxonomy,Size:,Picoplankton (.2-2 m) bacterioplankton Nanoplankton (2

8、 - 20 m) protozoans Microplankton (20-200 m) diatoms, eggs, larvae Macroplankton (200-2,000 m) some eggs, juvenile fish Megaplankton ( 2,000 m) includes jellyfish, ctenophores, Mola mola,Holoplankton- spends entire lifecycle as plankton Ex. Jellyfish, diatoms, copepods Meroplankton- spend part of li

9、fecycle as plankton Ex. fish and crab larvae, eggs,Habitat:,snail,lobster,fish,Life cycle of a squid,Squid experience benthic, planktonic, and nektonic stages Squid are considered meroplankton (opposite = holoplankton),Pleuston- organisms that float passively at the seas surface Ex. Physalia, Velella Neuston organisms that inhabit the uppermost few mm of the