英國文學Iwonderedlonelyasacloud賞析整理

1、I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud By William Wordsworth1 I wandered lonely as a cloud 我好似一朵孤獨的流云, （Simile） That floats on high oer vales and hills,高高地飄游在山谷之上, （Simile）When all at once I saw a crowd,突然我看見一大片鮮花, （Personification/Metaphor）A host, of golden daffodils;是金色的水仙遍地開放, Beside the lake, beneath the

2、trees, 它們開在湖畔,開在樹下, （alliteration）Fluttering and dancing in the breeze.它們隨風嬉舞,隨風波蕩。（Personification/Metaphor2 Continuous as the stars that shine 它們密集如銀河的星星, And twinkle on the milky way, 像群星在閃爍一片晶瑩; （一二兩行Simile/hyperbole）They stretched in never-ending line 它們沿著海灣向前伸展, Along the margin of a bay: 通往遠方

3、仿佛無窮無盡; （三四兩行Simile/hyperbole）Ten thousand saw I at a glance, 一眼看去就有千朵萬朵, Tossing their heads in sprightly dance.萬花搖首舞得多么高興。（personification） 3 The waves beside them danced; but they粼粼湖波也在近旁歡跳, （personification）Out-did the sparkling waves in glee:卻不如這水仙舞得輕俏; （personification）A poet could not but be

4、gay；詩人遇見這快樂的旅伴, In such a jocund company;又怎能不感到欣喜雀躍; I gazedand gazedbut little thought我久久凝視卻未領(lǐng)悟 What wealth the show to me had brought:.這景象所給我的精神之寶。4For oft when on my couch I lie后來多少次我郁郁獨臥, In vacant or in pensive mood, 感到百無聊賴心靈空漠; They flash upon that inward eye這景象便在腦海中閃現(xiàn), Which is the bliss of s

5、olitude, 多少次安慰過我的寂寞; And then my heart with pleasure fills, 我的心又隨水仙跳起舞來, And dances with the daffodils.我的心又重新充滿了歡樂。 （personification） 1. The poet: William Wordsworth (1770-1850），Poet Laureate“桂冠詩人”，Lake Poets 湖畔派詩人（與Robert Southey一起）2. Background:Poem recaptures a moment on April 15, 1802, when Word

6、sworth and his sister, Dorothy, were walking near a lake at Grasmere, Cumbria County, England, and came upon a shore lined with daffodils. (據(jù)說根據(jù)兄妹一起出去玩時看到水仙，被大自然的嫵媚所吸引這一經(jīng)歷寫成，體現(xiàn)了是人關(guān)于詩歌應(yīng)描寫“平靜中回憶起來的情感”，emotion recollected in tranquility）3. Theme：1. Natures beauty uplifts the human spirit. Lines 15, 23,

7、 and 24 specifically refer to this theme. 2. People sometimes fail to appreciate natures wonders as they go about their daily routines. Lines 17 and 18 suggest this theme. 3. Nature thrives unattended. The daffodils proliferate in splendor along the shore of the lake without the need for human atten

8、tion. 4. Genre：Lyric poem5. Rhyme Skill:ababcc, efefgg, hihikk, lmlmnn四步抑揚格？6. Structure: four stanzas, each including 6 lines7. Rhetoric(修辭）:Simile明喻，personification擬人，hyperbole夸張，alliteration頭韻。（已在文中標出）8. Some Questions（1）What does the image of cloud suggest to you? Loneliness, isolation, solitude

9、, aimlessness, aloofnessI wandered lonely as a cloud-lonelinessThat floats on-aimlessnessHigh over vales and hills-solitude, isolationCloud represents the feelings of the speaker (the poet) essentially. （2）What has cheered the poet up? And how? a host of golden daffodils, fluttering, dancing and gli

10、ttering daffodilsShine and twinkle as the starsStretched endlesslyThe cloud-like poet is deeply attracted by the beauty of the nature and turns to be high-spirited, instead of being lonely any more.（3）What has the poet meditated from what he has described? And the theme?In loneliness or in low spiri

11、t, the recollection of the nature beauty brings him “the bliss” and “pleasure” in his heart. Therefore the idea of going back to nature is advocated and clearly expressed in this poem. （4）Pay attention to the tense used in this poem. What does it indicate?past tensethe recollection of the past exper

12、ience will arouse a new sense of the old memories“what wealth the show to me had brought”“the bliss of solitude/ flash upon that inward eye”（5）What does the poem impress you most? Use of imageVivid description of natureDaily language 9.詩歌賞析：（僅限參考理解）這首詩基本上是用抑揚格四音步來寫的。每節(jié)中第一行和第三行押韻,第二行和第四行押韻,最后兩行押韻,這樣就

13、產(chǎn)生了一種強烈的節(jié)奏感,使此詩順暢如行云流水,誦之瑯瑯上口,聞之和諧悅耳,極具音韻美。此詩的音韻美除了加強音樂性,準確地表現(xiàn)了音響特色外,還充分表達出滲透在藝術(shù)形象中的感情色彩,即詩人把優(yōu)美的形式和深刻的思想結(jié)合在了一起,這方面無疑是最重要的。2、 視覺效果 詠水仙給人一種藝術(shù)美的享受。它的美在于它極其生動形象地摹畫了水仙花,在想象中滿足了我們的視覺欣賞要求。這首詩運用不同的修辭手段來轉(zhuǎn)達意象,增強了詩的藝術(shù)感染力,使詩的語言更加生動和富有創(chuàng)造力。在第一節(jié)的第一二行里,詩人用明喻把自己比喻成一朵流云飄蕩在溪谷群山之上。這種表達要比一般的描述“我以輕快的步子來回走著”要形象生動得多。它充分表達了

14、詩人的自由自在、無憂無慮及其悠然自得的神情。在第一節(jié)最后一行和第二節(jié)最后一行里,詩人運用了擬人手法:在湖邊的樹蔭下,在微風吹拂中,水仙花千朵萬朵起舞波蕩,這兩行生動地描寫了水仙花優(yōu)美的姿態(tài)。在第三節(jié)前兩行里又用了擬人手法:“粼粼湖波也在近旁歡跳,卻不如這水仙舞得輕俏”,這兩行就更加渲染了水仙花的外在美。美麗的水仙花深深地感染了詩人,使他內(nèi)心充滿歡樂。在第二節(jié)第一二行和第三四行中,詩人用明喻和夸張手法描寫了一簇簇水仙花仿若群星璀璨,亮閃閃遍灑銀河,沿著海灣向前延伸,通向遠方,無窮無盡。這幾行表明了美麗的水仙花開遍大地,顯示出它們旺盛的生命力,同時也暗示了詩人對人生價值的渴求以及對美好生活的向往。

15、詩的最后一行又用了擬人手法,表明了詩人無論什么時候想起它們,心中都會充滿快樂。水仙花成了詩人的精神慰藉,這就更加突出了詩的主題。上面這些意象交織存在、反復(fù)出現(xiàn),把我們帶到了開滿水仙花的場面,如身臨其境,觸景生情,使我們完全被詩人的語言感化了。如果閉上眼睛想象詩中的語言,我們的腦海里就會勾勒出一幅大自然質(zhì)樸的美景。 三、意境 詠水仙的美還體現(xiàn)在它的意境上面。詠水仙帶有濃烈的象征主義色彩。詩中所描寫的平靜、歡欣的水仙就是詩人自己的象征,在詩中,詩人的心靈和水仙的景象融合了。水仙花使詩人產(chǎn)生聯(lián)想,感受到了一份無比的快樂和幸福。這物與人,景與情渾成一體,契合無間,水乳交融。景是情的外化,情是景的內(nèi)涵,

16、因景而生情,緣情而造景,美的意境就產(chǎn)生了。 在詩的開頭,詩人將自己比喻為一朵孤獨的流云,孤單地在高高的天空飄蕩。孤傲的詩人發(fā)現(xiàn)一大片金色的水仙,它們歡快地遍地開放。在詩人的心中,水仙已經(jīng)不是一種植物了,而是一種象征,代表了一種靈魂和一種精神。一簇簇水仙花在微風中起舞,微微頷首,仿若群星璀璨,亮閃閃遍灑銀河。粼粼湖波也在近旁歡跳,卻不如水仙花舞得如此輕俏,此等美景,如果不去田園山野,又怎能看得見、聞得到呢?在詩人的心中,水仙代表了自然的精華,是自然心靈的美妙表現(xiàn)。 在詩的末尾,詩人“多少次郁郁獨臥,寂寞難耐,感到百無聊賴心靈空漠”的時候,水仙花可愛的景象便在他腦海中閃現(xiàn),詩人為有這樣的旅伴而歡欣

17、鼓舞、歡呼跳躍。這時詩人寫出了一種對社會的感受:在城市文明所帶來的丑惡的現(xiàn)實社會中,那高傲、純潔的靈魂只能是郁郁寡歡。這正好和以水仙花為代表的大自然的歡快、美好和淡泊形成了鮮明的對比。在詩人看來,只有在大自然中才能尋找理想,尋找安慰,尋找人性最后歸宿的情懷;只有大自然能夠啟迪人性中博愛和善良的感情,能夠撫慰人的心理創(chuàng)傷,使人得到真正的幸福。這首詩雖然是在詠水仙,但同時也是詩人自己心靈的抒發(fā)和感情的自然流露。 總之,華茲華斯的詠水仙語言清新淡雅,情感真切自然,觀察細致入微,不愧為膾炙人口的名篇。 Summary, Stanza 1 ： Wandering like a cloud, the sp

18、eaker happens upon daffodils fluttering in a breeze on the shore of a lake, beneath trees. Daffodils are plants in the lily family with yellow flowers and a crown shaped like a trumpet. Click here to see images of daffodils. Summary, Stanza 2The daffodils stretch all along the shore. Because there are so many of them, they remind the speaker of the Milky Way, the galaxy that scientists say contains about one trillion stars, including the sun. The speaker humanizes the daffodils when he says they are engaging in