初中英語名詞講解及專項練習

1、1名詞（課時:2 ）一介紹名詞含義: 名詞是表示人、事物、地方或抽象概念的詞。二名詞的分類：專有名詞( 人名，地名，機構(gòu) )William ，Linda, Canada ，China ， the United Nations, WTO普通名詞可數(shù)名詞 :包括 單數(shù) ( 只有一個 ) 和 復數(shù) ( 兩個以上 ).不可數(shù)名詞 : 只有單數(shù) .物質(zhì)名詞milk ， water ， tea ， bread ， beef, meat, rice， fish， coffee， sugar ，salt抽象名詞information， friendship， knowledge ， work ， advice

2、， science,news,weather三重點 :單數(shù)名詞變 復數(shù)名詞 的規(guī)則：1.一般情況下，加“s” . eg: books ， stamps ， pens ， tables2.以“ s, x, ch, sh”結(jié)尾的，加“ es”eg: buses ， boxes ， foxes ， watches ， matches ， beaches ， coaches, brushes3. 以 “ o ” , 結(jié)尾的，加 “es ” or “ s ”eg: Negroes ?ni:gr? 、 heroes 、 volcanoesv ?l ?ke?n? 、 tomatoes 、 potatoes、

3、radios、 pianos 、 zoos 、 photos 、 bamboos 、 video需加 es的記憶技巧：黑人 （ Negro）英雄（ hero ）在火山上 （ volcano ）愛吃西紅柿 （ tomato ）和土豆（ potato ）4. 以“輔音字母 + y ” 結(jié)尾的，把“ y”變?yōu)椤?i ”，再加“ es ” .eg: city- cities， country-countries， family-families, story-stories5.以“ f ” 或 “ fe ” 結(jié)尾的，把“ f ” 或 “ fe ”變?yōu)椤?ves ”。eg:thief thieveswi

4、fe wiveslife-liveshalf halvesleaf-leaves ， knife - knives， wolf wolves, shelfshelves, loaf loaves記憶技巧： 賊人（ thief ）的妻子（ wife ）在她一生 （ life ）中用半（ half ）片樹葉 （leaf ）當?shù)蹲樱?knife ）殺死了七匹狼（ wolf ）然后去偷架子（ shelf ）上的面包（ loaf ）。6）不規(guī)則變化：man- men，foot- feetwoman - women， tooth- teeth,policeman- policemen,goose- gee

5、se,mousechild- children， ox- oxen- mice， fish- fish， sheep- sheepdeer - deer，means means，Chinese - Chinese，Japanese - Japanese注意：當 man / woman作定語、修飾復數(shù)名詞時，變?yōu)閺蛿?shù)。例如： a man teacher - men teachers;a woman teacher - women teachersman / woman與所修飾的名詞要同時四重點：名詞的所有格（ -（1）單數(shù)名詞詞尾加the boy s bag的）s； 以；Marys結(jié)尾的單數(shù)名詞

6、， s cap ；Mr James則只加 office .（2）復數(shù)名詞如果不以s結(jié)尾，則加s； 復數(shù)名詞如果以the Childrens Palacemen s roomthe teachers reading-room10 minutes walks結(jié)尾，則只加 .（3）如果表示幾個人共有一樣東西，只需在最后一個人的名字后面加如果表示各自所有，就必須在各個名字后面加s .This is Tom and Marks room.These are Tom s and Mark s rooms.s .（ 4） the + 名詞 of 名詞 the windows of the house the

7、 name of the citythe picture of the Toms結(jié)構(gòu)也可以轉(zhuǎn)換成of結(jié)構(gòu)the girls name - the name of the girlTom s friend - the friend of Tom（ 5） a +名詞 of一” )a picture of To名詞 m ss / a +名詞;a friend of mine of名詞性物主代詞(表示“其中之名詞專項訓練1 - Are there anyin the zoo ?- Yes, there are some.A. pandaB. lionC. tigerD. deer2 There is

8、only onedoctor and severalnurses in thishospital.A. man / womanB. man / womenC. men / womanD. men /women3- What can I do for you ?- I d like two.A. bottle of orange juiceB. bottle of orange juicesC. bottles of orange juiceD. bottles of orange juices4This isbedroom. The twin sisters like it very much

9、.A. Anna and JaneB. Anna s and Jane sC. Anna s and JaneD. Anna and Janes5 We ll have aholiday. What about going to the Great Wall ?A. four daysB. four-dayC. four-daysD. fourday s6 Paul hasfriends except me, and sometimes he feels lonely.A. manyB. someC. fewD. more7 How manycan you see in the picture

10、 ?A. waterB. childC. deerD.factorys8 This is an old photo of mine. At that time I had.A. short hairsB. short hairC. many short hairD. much short hairs9 - Where are the?- They are playingfootball on the playground.A. boys students / theB. boy students / theC. boy student / XD. boy students / X10 I ha

11、ve to speak to my grandpa loudly because theres something wrong withhis.A. eyesB. legsC. mouthD. ears11 Jenny gave uson how to learn English well.A. some advicesB. many advicesC. some adviceD. anadvice12 We have bought twofor the coming party.A. box of strawberryB. boxes of strawberriesC. box of str

12、awberriesD. boxes of strawberry13 Mr Smith is a friend of.A. John s uncleB. John uncle sC. John s uncle sD. John uncle14 - Would you liketea ?- No, thanks. I have drunk two.A. any / bottle of juiceB. some / bottles of juiceC. many / bottles of juicesD. few / bottles of juice15 These are thetoys.A. c

13、hildB. childrenC. children schildren16 There are hardly anyin the river now because of the pollution.A. duckB.fishC.gooseD.17 She told methe day before yesterday.A. a good newsB. such a good newsC. so good a newsD. a piece of good news18 I won t go there with you, for I have a lot ofto do.A. worksB.

14、 jobC. workD.working19 Thereall kinds ofin this shop.A. are / watchesB. be / watchesC. is / watchesD. be /watch20 There areon the desk.A. a paperB. some papersC. a piece of paperD. some pieces of paper21 I d like, please.A. two bottle of beerB. two bottle of beersC. two bottles of beerD. two bottles

15、 of beers22 These arebackpacks.A. Lily and LucyB. Lily and LucysC. Lily s and LucyD. Lily s and Lucy23 We ll havethis summer.A. a two months vacationB. two months vacationC. a two-months vacationD. a two-month vacation24 I go to theonce a month.A. barberB. barbersC. barber sbarbers D. sD.water25 I w

16、ant to knowopinion.A. everyone s elseC. everyone else s26 Iwalkedintothedesk.A. teacher s / teacher sC. teacher s / teachersB. everyone elseD. everyone elsesoffice,B. teachersD. teachersandputtheletter / teachers / teacheronmys27 There s noformore carsin theparkinglot.Itistoo crowded.A. roomB. roomsC. houseD.houses28 My shoes were worn out, so I decided to buy a new.A. showB. shoesC. pairD. one29 Could you speak in a loud? I can t hear you clearly.A. voiceB. noiseC. soundD.throat30 Only onehas been chosen. I don t know whether it is a man or awoman.A. peo