八升九 專題復習：時態(tài)、語態(tài)

1、 學生姓名年 級學 科英語上課時間教師姓名課 題專題復習：時態(tài)、語態(tài)復習教學目標知識與技能目標：掌握基本知識點過程與方法目標：通過課中的習題以及知識點講解，并且讓學生能夠熟練運用情感態(tài)度與價值觀：通過知識點掌握以及記憶，培養(yǎng)學生在英語學習時細心鉆研，小心求證的學習習慣，同時幫助他在面對繁瑣的內(nèi)容時，一步一步理清思路，層層遞進有條不紊的品質，幫助他日后面對其他事情時候也能做到從容冷靜，一絲不茍的做事。教學過程1. jerry decided to improve his body language after hearing mr. wangs words.a. make importantb.

2、 make wellc. make betterd. make worse2. she set off for beijing at 8 yesterday.a. leftb. startc. begand. arrived3. whats more, its common for people live in flats.a. exceptb. dont havec. besidesd. beside4. mother looked at the piece of paper with the strange marks on it.a. signsb. picturesc. photosd

3、. passage5. i wonder why you are always late for school.a. knowb. findc. want to knowd. answer6. i heard tomhis leg in the accident.a. hurt; i am sorry to hear thatb. hurt; reallyc. injured; is that trued. was injured; i am sorry to hear that7. ill go to the party if i_.a. am invited b. will be invi

4、ted c. invited. will invite8. the flowerswell if they.a. wont grow; dont take good care ofb. dont grow; are taken good care ofc. dont grow, dont take good care ofd. wont grow; are not taken good care of9. have you tired to stop himeating too much junk food? yes. but he still keepseating a lot of fri

5、ed chicken wings.a. from; fromb. from;/c. /; fromd. for; from10. you dont give people a good, so people choose debbie instead of you.a. impressionb. instructionc. impressived. instruct1.【2012廣東省考】jenny _in the kitchen when you called her at 5 o clock this afternoon? a. is cooking b. was cooking c. c

6、ooks d. cooked2.【2012廣東省考】our english teacher is very nice. we _ friends since three years ago. a. were b. became c. have been d. have made3.【2013廣東省考】todays young people cant live without smart phones. they keep their hands on the phones whenever they go, even while they_meals. a. had b. will have

7、c. are having d. were having4.【2013廣東省考】一your shoes are so old. why dont you buy a new pair? 一because i _ all my money on an mp5. a. spend b. have spent c. am spending d. was spending5.【2014廣東省考】一 i didnt see you at the beginning of the party last night. 一i _ on my biology report at that time. a. wo

8、rked b. work c. was working d. am working6.【2014廣東省考】一 what do you think of the new foreign teacher thomson? 一 pretty good. i think he _ a great job so far. a. does b. did c. has done d. was done7.【2015廣東省考】dont disturb allen now. he _ for the spelling bee competition. a. prepares b. prepared c. is

9、preparing d. will prepare8.【2015廣東省考】lei feng _ for many years, but his spirit is still encouraging us. a. died b. has died c. was dead d. has been dead9.【2016廣東省考】with the development of science and technology, robot cooks_in our families in the future. a. appear b. appeared c. will appear d. were

10、appearing10. 【2016廣東省考】school violence_much attention of the whole society and people are calling on the government to make laws against it as early as possible. a. drew b. will draw c. has drawn d. was drawing 考點一、一般現(xiàn)在時（1）一般現(xiàn)在時的構成 類別 構成方法 例詞 一般情況 加-s look-looks, come-comes, play-plays 以字母s, x, ch,

11、sh, 結尾的動詞 加-es guess-guesses, fix-fixes, teach-teaches 以輔音字母加y結尾的動詞 變y為i，再加-es study-studies, carry-carries （2）一般現(xiàn)在時的用法 表示經(jīng)常性或習慣性的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。與often, always, usually, sometimes, seldom, never, once a week, twice a month, every day, every week等表示頻度的副詞和時間狀語連用。 例如：i often take a bus to school. 表示客觀事實或普遍真理

12、。例如： the earth is round. 注意：在賓語從句中，若從句為客觀真題，從句的時態(tài)不受主句時態(tài)的影響，一直用一般現(xiàn)在時。例如： miss wang told us that the light travels faster than the sound. 在時間、條件等狀語從句中，用現(xiàn)在時表示將來。例如： when i grow up, i will go to america. if it doesnt rain tomorrow, we will go to the zoo. 【例1】he seldom _ exercises at school, so he is ver

13、y fat. a. takes b. take c. took d. will take 【例2】what did the teacher say just now? he said that the earth _ around the sun. a. go b. goes c. went d. to go 考點二、一般過去時（1）一般過去時的構成-動詞的規(guī)則變化 類別 構成方法 例詞 讀音規(guī)則 一般情況 加-ed look-looked，start-started 清輔音后面讀作/t/； 濁輔音和元音后面讀/d/； /t/和/d/后面讀/id/。 以e結尾的動詞 加-d hope-hope

14、d，use-used 以重讀閉音節(jié)結尾的動詞，末尾只有一個輔音字母 雙寫這個輔音字母，再加-ed stop-stopped，plan-planned 以輔音字母加y結尾的動詞 變y為i，再加-ed study-studied，worry-worried （2）一般過去時的用法 與過去時連用的時間狀語有：last night, yesterday, last week, some years ago, in 1990, in the past, the other day, just now等。 表示過去某時間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。例如： we visited a farm last sund

15、ay. 表示過去的習慣或經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動作。過去常常做某事也可用 used to do sth來表示，例如： when i was in the countryside, i often swam in the river. i used to swim in the river when i was in the countryside. 【例3】they _ basketball with me just now. whats the matter? a. play b. played c. plays d. playing 【例4】sally _ the party in 2008. a.

16、join b. joined c. joins d. is joining 【例5】i _ one of my old friends in the supermarket the other day. a. meet b. meets c. met d. meeting 考點三、一般將來時（1）一般將來時的用法 表示將來某個時間要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，常用句型為“主語+will / shall+”或者“be going to +”構成。常與表示將來的時間狀語，如soon, tomorrow, next year, next time, in a few days等連用。其常用否定形式為“w

17、ont/ shall not”或者“be not going to +” 例如： we wont / shall not be free tonight. （2）幾種表示將來含義的形式 助動詞will (wont) + 動詞原形。例如： we wont leave before 9 oclock. there will be a strong wind to the north of the huai river. “be going to + 動詞原形”表示即將發(fā)生某事或打算、計劃做某事。 例如：we are going to see a film this afternoon. there

18、 is going to be a party on saturday evening. 注意：當表示根據(jù)跡象推斷肯定要發(fā)生的事（由指天氣）時，此時不能用will替代。例如： look at the clouds, theres going to be a storm tonight. come, go, start, leave, return 等少數(shù)動詞常用一般現(xiàn)在時或現(xiàn)在進行時表示安排或計劃好的將來的行為。 例如：the train leaves the station at 7:15. the whole family is going for two months. 在時間狀語從句中

19、和條件狀語從句中，用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來要發(fā)生的事。例如： i will give the note to him as soon as he comes back. 【例6】my uncle _ to join us in five days. a. will come b. comes c. come d. came 【例7】according to the weather report, there _ a heavy snow in the following two days . a. will be b. will have c. is going to be d. is going

20、 to have 【例8】by the year 2020, the population _ much larger than it is today. a. are b. will have c. will be d. is going to 【例9】i dont know if he _ this afternoon. if he _, let me know. a. comes, comes b. will come, comes c. will come, will come d. comes, comes 考點四、現(xiàn)在進行時（1）現(xiàn)在分詞-ing的構成規(guī)則 類別 構成方法 例詞 一

21、般情況 加-ing go-going，ask-asking 以不發(fā)音的e結尾的動詞 去掉e，再加-ing make-making，write-writing 以重讀閉音節(jié)結尾的動詞，末尾只有一個輔音字母 雙寫這個輔音字母，再加-ing get-getting，sit-sitting，put-putting run-running，begin-beginning （2）現(xiàn)在進行時的用法 表示此時此刻正在進行的的動作。其時間狀語多為now或現(xiàn)在的具體時刻，或含有l(wèi)ook, listen, watch之類的暗示詞時，或從上下文語境中體現(xiàn)出來。 例如：be quiet! the little boy

22、is sleeping. look, lucy is climbing the lemon tree. 表示現(xiàn)階段正在進行的動作或持續(xù)的狀態(tài)。 例如：the students are working on the farm these days. go, leave, arrive, start等動詞用現(xiàn)在進行時表示將來。 例如：the bus is coming soon. 【例10】listen! someone _ at the door. a. knocks b. is knocking c. knocking d. knocked 【例11】do you know where the

23、 twins are? oh, they _ the basketball match on the playground. a. watch b. will watch c. are watching d. watched 【例12】they _ ready for the coming test these days. a. are getting b. get c. got d. will get 【例13】jim _ english at the moment. a. reading b. is reading c. reads d. read 考點五、過去進行時（1）表示過去某一時刻

24、或一段時間正在進行的動作。常和表示過去的時間狀語連用：then, at that time, this time yesterday, at ten yesterday等，或用另一動作來表示過去的時間。 例如：i was reading when mother came in. （2）沒有明顯的時間標記詞，通過上下文來判斷出是過去某時正在進行的動作。 例如：they all worked hard. everybody knew what he was working for. （3）含有when或while引導的時間狀語從句的主從復合句中過去進行時的運用。常用句型如下： 主句（過去進行時）+

25、when+從句（一般過去時）； 例如：he was watching tv when i got home yesterday. 主句（過去進行時）+while+從句（過去進行時），表示兩個動作同時進行，形成對比。 例如：while i was reading books, my brother was playing games. 【例14】i called you this morning, but nobody . i the flowers in my garden at that time. a. answered; watering b. answering; was wateri

26、ng c. answered; was watering d. answered; watered 【例15】something terrible happened last night. a thief broke in my house while i _. a. will sleep b. is sleeping c. was sleeping d. slept 【例16】while my brother _ football with his friends yesterday, my sister _ her homework. a. was playing; did b. play

27、ed; was doing c. was playing; was doing d. played; did 考點六、現(xiàn)在完成時（1） 現(xiàn)在完成時的用法 表示過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在造成影響或結果。通常和副詞never, ever, just, already, yet等連用。 例如：i have closed the door. my daughter has already eaten supper and finished her homework. 注意：a. already 用于肯定句中，表示“已經(jīng)”。例如： they have already gone to america. b. y

28、et 用于疑問句句中，表示“已經(jīng)”，用在否定句中，表示“還”。例如： i havent received her letter yet. have you finished your paper yet? 【例17】have you watered all the flowers _? yes, i have _ done it. a. already; yet b. yet; already c. yet; yet d. already; already 表示過去已經(jīng)開始的，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)。通常和時間狀語before, recently, for+時間段, since+時間點, ye

29、t 等連用。例如： we have lived here for two years. she has been with us since monday. 注意：for + 時間段；since + 時間點（有時候用由過去式構成的從句來體現(xiàn)時間點） 【例題專練】用since和for填空 1. jim has been in ireland _ 2 years. 2. jill has been in sydney _ he was a middle school student. 3. his aunt has lived in australia _15 days ago. 4. mary

30、is in her office. she has been there _ 7 oclock. 5. india has been an independent country _1974. 6. the bus is late. theyve been waiting _ 20 minutes. （2）現(xiàn)在完成時的構成 句型構成：肯定形式為have / has + done；其否定形式為 havent/hasnt + done； 疑問句型中，have/has作為助動詞，直接放置句首。例如：have you finished your homework yet? 注意: 現(xiàn)在完成時可和疑問詞

31、連用，但不能和when連用。故現(xiàn)在完成時里對時間的提問不用when，而用how long。 例如：where have you been? why have you turned off the radio? how long have you been back? 近義詞辨析：have been to, have gone to, have been in a. have gone to意為“到某地去了”，說話時該人不在現(xiàn)場。一般只用第三人稱作主語。 例如：mr wang isnt here. he has gone to qingdao.王先生不在這里。他去青島了。 b. have bee

32、n to 意為“曾經(jīng)去過某地”，表示一種經(jīng)歷，含有“現(xiàn)在已離開那兒”之意，后可接次數(shù)（如once，twice， three times等）表示“去過某地幾次”，也可和just，never，ever等連用。 例如：my father has been to beijing twice.我父親去過北京兩次。（我父親現(xiàn)在不在北京了） i have never been to the great wall. 我從未去過長城。 c. have been in 表示“到某地多長時間了”，常與時間段連用。 例如：i have been in australia for three years. 我到澳大利亞

33、已有三年了。 【例18】china _ several rockets into space so far. a. has sent b. will send c. sent d. was sending 【例19】tom, can i borrow your book chicken soup? sorry, i _ it to mary. a. lent b. have lent c. lend d. was lending 【例20】my brother _ just _ to japan. he wont be back until next week. a. will; go b.

34、has; gone c. did; go d. was; going 考點七、被動語態(tài)（1）被動語態(tài)的構成：被動語態(tài)的基本結構是be + 動詞過去分詞 各種時態(tài)的主動、被動語態(tài)結構（以動詞 do 為例）列表如下：時態(tài) 主動語態(tài) 被動語態(tài) 例句 主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài) 一般現(xiàn)在時 do/does am/is/are + done we clean the classroom. the classroom is cleaned by us. 一般過去時 did was/were + done he made the kite. the kite was made by him. 一般將來時 will/

35、shall/be going to + do will/shall/be going to + be done they will plant trees tomorrow. trees will be planted by them tomorrow. 含有情態(tài)動詞 can / may/ should / must + do can /may/ should / must + be done i can find him. he can be found by me. 【例 1】this english song _ often _ by the children. a. is; singi

36、ng b. is; sung c. will; sing d. was; sung【例 2】marys radio _ by my brother just now. a. will be mended b. has mended c. was mended d. mended【例 3】a concert _ next saturday. a. will give b. has given c. will be given d. was given【例 4】good books _ again and again. a. be read b. should be read c. must re

37、ad d. should read【例 5】the picture_ in october, 1996. a. was taking b. had been taken c. was taken d. had taken（2）被動語態(tài)的用法被動語態(tài)中主語是動作的承受者，主要用于下列幾種情況：不知道動作的執(zhí)行者是誰 the window was broken yesterday.沒有必要指出動作的執(zhí)行者是誰 many tall buildings are built in our city every year. 需要強調或突出動作的承受者 english is taught in our sc

38、hool.考點二、主動和被動語態(tài)的轉換1. 有些動詞帶有兩個賓語，即直接賓語和間接賓語，變被動語態(tài)時，可把其中一個賓語變成主語，另一個留在被動結構謂語后面。需要注意的是：若把直接賓語變成被動語態(tài)的主語，需要在間接賓語之間加上介詞“to”。eg. he often tells us interesting stories . （主動語態(tài)） （被動語態(tài)）常帶雙賓語的詞有：tell , show , lend , pass等。2. 在主動語態(tài)中，某些動詞之后帶有復合賓語，即賓語和賓語補足語，這個復合賓語由動詞不定式來充當，to被省略，但在被動語態(tài)中，這個to還要還原。eg. i often hear

39、 her sing this popular song . （主動語態(tài)） she is often heard to sing this popular song .（被動語態(tài)） 有這種用法的常用動詞有：make , let , see , hear , watch , feel , notice等。3. 有些“be +過去分詞”的結構并不是被動語態(tài)，它們有可能是“系表結構（即系動詞之后由過去分詞來充當表語）。”比較：（1）（2）4. 只有及物動詞和可有賓語的動詞+介詞詞組才可以有被動語態(tài)。eg. 五、不能用被動語態(tài)的情況 1.不及物動詞不能用于被動語態(tài)，如：appear，rise，die，h

40、appen，break out，take place等 2.表狀態(tài)動詞不能用于被動語態(tài)，如：hold，have，cost，contain，become，look like等 3.某些動詞的進行時可表示被動，如：the meat is cooking. 肉正在煮著。 4.主動形式表示被動意義。某些感官動詞和系動詞接形容詞可以表示被動意義，如：look，smell，taste，feel，prove,wear，sound等。 eg：her bedroom looks very clean and tidy.動名詞的主動形式表被動語態(tài)，如：want，deserve，need，require，take，

41、worth等。 the book is worth reading. 這本書值得讀。 the children need looking after. 孩子們需要照顧。某些做表語的形容詞后，用不定式主動形式表被動意義。 the conversation is hard to understand. 這個對話很難理解。 the fish is not easy to fish. 魚不容易上鉤。 the passage is difficult to read. 這段文章很難讀懂?！纠?6】the children by the nurse. a. were looked b. looked af

42、ter c. were looked after d. looked1. i like the red sofa. (變否定句) 2. she has a nice cap. (變將來時的一般疑問句，并做肯定及否定回答) 3. i am a bus driver. (變過去式的一般疑問句并做肯定回答) 4. they play football in the garden everyday. (變成否定句) 5. there is an egg in the basket.(變成復數(shù)形式的否定句) 6. they had a big dinner yesterday. (改為現(xiàn)在完成時一般疑問

43、句，并作肯定回答) 1.he_swimming in the river every day in summer. (go)2.it_you are right. ( seem )3.look, the children_ basketball on the playground. ( play )4.he_to the radio when i came in.( listen )5.it is very cold .i think it_ . ( rain )6.- i need some paper . -i_ some for you . ( bring )7.i cant find

44、my pen . who_it ? ( take )8.he said that he_back in five minutes . ( come )9.i didnt meet him. he_ when i got there. ( leave )10.i_my bike, so i have to walk to school. ( lose )11.he_down and began to read his newspaper. ( sit )12.he is very hungry. he_ anything for three days. ( not eat )13.i_with

45、you if i have time . ( go )14.we will go to the cinema if it_fine . (be )15.i will tell her the news when she_to see me next week. (come)16.-when_you_the car ? -in 1998 . ( buy )17.we_good friends since we met at school . （be）18.what_you_ at five yesterday afternoon ? (do)19.the bike is nice . how m

46、uch_it_? (cost)20.the boy is happy because he _(sell) out all thenewspapers.（）1.he often_his clothes on sundays.a. washingb. washesc. has washedd. wash（）2.im chinese. where_from?a. do you comeb. you are comingc. you comed. are you coming（）3.may_to school.a. never walksb. is never walkingc. walk neve

47、rd. never is walking（）4.we will start as soon as our teacher_ .a. comesb. will comec. comed. is coming（）5.how long ago_playing football?a. have you stoppedb. had you stoppedc. did you stopd. do you stop（）6.it_ hard when i left my house .a. is rainingb. rainsc. was rainingd. will rain（）7.i think this

48、 question_to answer.a. easyb. is easyc. was easyd. will easy（）8. dont talk so loudly . your father_.a. sleepsb. is sleepingc. sleptd. had slept（）9.how many people does the doctor know who_of the disease？a. are dyingb. is dyingc. has diedd. dies（）10.i_my homework now.a. finishb. finishedc. have finis

49、hedd. had finished（）11.he_for three years.a. has joinedb. has been in the armyc. joinedd. has served the army（）12.his grandfather_for thirty years.a. diedb. was deadc. has been deadd. has died（）13.i_ from my brother for a long time.a. not have heardb. have not heardc. have heard notd. do not hear（）14.maths, one of the most important subjects, _always interested him.a. hasb. havec. ared. is（）15.did your brother go to america last year?_.a. no , he did never go thereb. no , he has never gone herec. no , he never was thered. no , he