牛津高中英語模塊八unit3

1、Unit 3 The world of colours and light1 .aro undaround prep. 在周圍一adv.至U處； 在周圍(1)arou nd 用作介詞，可表示“在周圍”、“圍繞”、“在那邊”、“到處”、“在附近”、“大約”、“關(guān)于”等，其短語可修飾動態(tài)動詞和 靜態(tài)動詞。例：The ship sailed around the world. 這條船繞世界航行了一周。There is a bookstore around the corner. 在拐角出有一家書店。(2)around 用作副詞，可修飾動態(tài)動詞和靜態(tài)動詞， 常位于所修飾的動詞之后，這幾年我至處旅行。你

2、們都坐在這兒干什么？我要看一看他是否在附近。有時也可用作表語。例：I travelled around for a few years.What are you all sitting around for?I ll see if he is around.習(xí)慣用語all around 四處，至處hang around 在附近徘徊show sb around 帶領(lǐng) sb 參觀get around ( 消息，謠言 )傳開來2. rather thanRather than 是并列連詞，意為“而不是”、“寧可”或“情愿”，可連續(xù)各 種并列成分，表示前面的是肯定的，后面的是否定的。例：Rather

3、than being criticized,he should be praised.他就是不該挨批，而是應(yīng)該受至表揚嘛。(辨異)rather than,other than 與 would rather( than: )rather than通常譯為“而不是”或“與其說是不如說是”，有時可用短語介詞 instead of 代替。例： He was engaged in writing a letter rather than(=instead of)reading the newspaper. 他那時是在寫信而不是在看報紙。other than 有兩種意思：一是用來表示否定的意義，即“不同于

4、”。等于different from ，或“非”，等于 not ；二是用來表示排除意義，即“除了”， 相當(dāng)于 except 。例：The truth is quite other than what you think.事實真相和你們想的完全不一樣。would rather 意為“寧愿”或“寧可”would/had rather than，表示“寧愿也不”的意思。例：My aunt invited me to the movies,but I said I had rather go on a picnicwith the girls. 我的姑媽邀請我去看電影， 可是我倒愿意跟女孩子們一起去野

5、餐。I am sure they would/had rather die than give up.我深信他們一定會寧死不屈。1. talentn. C or U (someone who has) a natural ability to be good at sth., especially without being taught:Her talent for music showed at an early age.His artistic talents were wasted in his boring job.U UK SLANG MAINLY HUMOROUS people

6、who are sexually attractive:There was plenty of talent at the party last nighttalentedadj. be talented ina talented footballer/pianist2. amazev. T to cause someone to be extremely surprised:+ question word I was amazed by how well he looked.Youve done all your homework in an hour? You amaze me.+ tha

7、t It amazes me that shes got the energy for all those parties.+ to infinitive It amazes me to think that Anna is now in charge of the company.It amazes me how you can put up with living in such a dirty house.It never ceases to amaze me how he can talk for so long without ever saying anything interes

8、ting.amazedadj. extremely surprised:She was amazed at how calm she felt after the accident.I was absolutely amazed when I heard hed been promoted.+ to infinitive Mr Graham was amazed to find 46 ancient gold coins inside the pot.I was amazed to hear that Chris had won first prize.We were amazed to di

9、scover that wed been at school together.+ (that) Im amazed (that) she didnt complain. amazementn. U extreme surprise:She stared in amazement.To my amazement, he ate the whole lot.amazingadj. extremely surprising:This stain remover really works its amazing!The new theatre is going to cost an amazing

10、(= very large) amount of money.APPROVING This wine is really amazing (= very good).Its amazing to think that the managing director is only 23.Its amazing that no one else has applied for the job.The amazing thing is that it was kept secret for so long.What an amazing coincidence! amazinglyadv.The fo

11、od was amazingly good.Amazingly enough (= Very surprisingly), no one else has applied for the job.3. representv. T 1) to speak, act or be present officially for another person or people: They chose a famous barrister to represent them in court.Union officials representing the teachers met the govern

12、ment today. Women were well/poorly represented at the conference (= there weremany/few present).2) to show or describe sth. or someone:+ ing form of verb The statue represents St George killing the dragon.This new report represents the current situation in our schools.He represents himself as an exp

13、ert, but he knows nothing.3) to be a sign or symbol of sth.:In this dictionary the word noun is represented by the letter n.To many people the Queen represents the former glory of Britain. representationn. UCan he afford legal representation?representativen. C someone who speaks or does sth. officia

14、lly for another person or group of people:The firm has two representatives in every European city.US someone who has been elected to the US House of Representatives adj.a representative system of government4. calculatev. T to judge the number or amount of sth. by using the information that you alrea

15、dy have, and adding, multiplying, subtracting or dividing numbers:The cost of the damage caused by the recent storms has been calculated as/at over 5 million.The new tax system would be calculated on the value of property owned by an in dividual.+ questi on word At some stage we n eed to calculate w

16、he n the projectwill be fini shed.+ that Hes calculated that it would take him two years to save up eno ugh for a car.calculati onn. C or UThe calculati ons that you did/made contained a few in accuracies.calculatorn. C a small electr onic device which is used for doing calculati ons:a pocket calcul

17、atorsothat 如此以致于高考鏈接So difficult it to live in an En glish-speak ing country that Idetermi ned to learn En glish well. （2001上海）A. I have felt B. have I feltC. I did feelD. did I feel答案：D5. range n. C 1) a set of similar things:I offered her a range of options.There is a wide/whole range of opinions

18、on this issue.2) (US ALSO line) the goods made by one company or goods of oneparticular type that are sold in a shop:We stock the full range of model railway accessories.This jacket is part of our autumn/spring range.3) a group of hills or mountains:a mountain rangethe Pennine RangeWe could see a lo

19、w range of hills in the distance.4) all the musical notes that a singer can sing or a musical instrumentis able to producen. S 1) the amount, number or type of sth. between an upper and alower limit:The price range is from $100 to $500.The product is aimed at young people in the 18 - 25 age range.Th

20、e coat was in/out of my price range.This type of work is outside/beyond/out of my range (of experience).2) S the period of time in the future within which sth. is planned or expected to happen:long-range plansshort-/medium-/long-range weather forecasting3) S the distance that a vehicle or aircraft c

21、an travel without having tostop for more fuel:short-/medium-/long-range airlinersn. S or U the distance within which you can see, hear or hit someone:The ship was in/out of range of our guns.He was shot at point blank/at close range (= from very near).v. I usually + adv. or prep.Dress sizes range fr

22、om petite to extra large.Prices range between $50 and $250.6. floatv. I to stay on the surface of a liquid and not sink:An empty bottle will float.You can float very easily in/on the Dead Sea because its so salty.I or T; usually + adv. or prep. to (cause to) move easily through, or along the surface

23、 of a liquid, or to (cause to) move easily through air: We spent a lazy afternoon floating down/along the river.He tossed the bottle into the waves and watched it float out to sea.The children enjoy floating their boats on the pond in the park.Fluffy white clouds were floating across the sky.FIGURAT

24、IVE The sound of pianoplaying floated out through the openwindow.I usually + adv. or prep. LITERARY to move gracefully:She sort of floats around, like a ballet dancer.I usually + adv. or prep. to move or act without purpose:Since he lost his job, hes just floated around/about doing nothing.7. distri

25、butev. T to give sth. out to several people, or to spread or supply sth.:The books will be distributed free to local schools.Several people were arrested for distributing racist leaflets/pamphlets(to the spectators).The company aims eventually to distribute (= supply for sale) its products throughou

26、t the European Union.distributionn. C or UWe must find a way of achieving a more equitable distribution (= sharing) of resources/wealth.Has the Channel Tunnel improved the distribution (= supplying for sale)of goods between the British Isles and mainland Europe?an unfair distribution of wealthdistri

27、bution costs8 negotiatev. I or T to have formal discussions with someone in order to reach anagreement with them:The government has refused to negotiate with the strikers.Im negotiating for a new contract.Ive managed to negotiate (= obtain by discussion) a five per cent pay increase with my boss.neg

28、otiationn. C or U the process of discussing sth. with someone in order to reach an agreement with them, or the discussions themselves:The agreement was reached after a series of difficult negotiations.The exact details of the agreement are still under negotiation. Negotiation for the pay increase is

29、 likely to take several weeks.9. adorev. T not continuous 1) FORMAL to worship:Let us adore God for all his works.2) to love someone very much, especially in an admiring or respectful way, or to like sth. very much:She has one son and she adores him.I absolutely adore chocolate.+ ing form of verb Do

30、nt you just adore lying in a hot bath? adorationn. U very strong love for someone:her complete adoration of her brotheradoring adj. showing very strong love for someone:I refuse to play the part of the adoring wife.10. subjectiveadj. 1) influenced by or based on personal beliefs or feelings, rather

31、than based on facts:I think my husband is the most handsome man in the world, but I realize my judgment is rather subjective.More specific and less subjective criteria should be used in selectingpeople for promotion within the company.The opposite: objective (FAIR OR REAL)adj. based on real facts an

32、d not influenced by personal beliefs or feelings:an objective and impartial reportI cant really be objective when Im judging my daughters work. subjectivelyadv.subjectivityn. UTheres always an element of subjectivity in decision-making.11. appetiten. C or U a desire for food:All that walking has giv

33、en me an appetite.I wont have any chocolate, thanks. It will spoil (= reduce) my appetite.I havent got much of an appetite (= I am not hungry).The children all have healthy/good appetites (= they eat a lot).Both viruses cause fever and loss of appetite.n. C a strong desire or need:her appetite for a

34、dventureIve read an excerpt of the book on the Web and its whetted my appetite(= increased my interest in it).12. admirev. T to respect and approve of someone or their behavior, or to find someone or sth. attractive and pleasant to look at:I admired him for his determination.I really admire people w

35、ho can work in such difficult conditions.We stood for a few moments, admiring the view.I was just admiring your jacket, Delia.admirableadj. deserving respect or approval:I think you showed admirable tact/restraint/self-control in your answer.The police did an admirable job in keeping the fans calm.a

36、dv.I think she coped admirably (= very well) with a very difficult situation.admirationn. U when you admire someone or sth.:My admiration for that woman grows daily.She gazed in admiration at his broad, muscular shoulders.admirern. C someone who finds someone else sexually attractive, or someonewho

37、admires someone or sth.:Shes got plenty of admirers.Shes got a secret admirer who keeps sending her gifts.The policy has few admirers (= few people like it).13. assistancen. U help:The company needs more financial assistance from the Government.A 1 billioninvestment would be of considerableassis tan

38、ce to therailways.Can I be of any assistance, madam (= Can I help)?Teachers cant give pupils any assistance in e to sb.s assistanceto help someone13. abandonv. T to stop doing an activity before you have finished it:The match was abandoned at half-time because of the poor weather conditions

39、.They had to abandon their attempt to climb the mountain.The party has now abandoned its policy of unilateral disarmament. abandonmentn. Uscratchv. I or T to cut or damage a surface or your skin slightly with or on sth. sharp or rough:We scratched the paintwork trying to get the bed into Marthas roo

40、m.R Be careful not to scratch yourself on the roses.A few chickens were scratching about/around (= searching with their beaks) in the yard for grain.v. T 1) If you scratch sth. on or off a surface, you add it or remove it by scratching:People have been scratching their names on this rock for years.I

41、m afraid I scratched some paint off the door as I was getting out of the car.2) to rub your skin with your nails:He was scratching (at) his mosquito bites.Hannah scratched her head thoughtfully.v. I If an animal scratches, it rubs sth. with its claws:n. 1) C a mark made by scratchi ng:Her legs were

42、covered in scratches and bruises after her walk throughthe forest.There was a scratch on the CD.Amazingly, he survived the accident without a scratch (= without sufferi ng any in juries at all).2) S whe n people or ani mals scratch themselves:That dog is hav ing a good scratch. It must have fleas.fr

43、om scratchfrom the beg inning, without using any thi ng that already exists:Ben built the shed from scratch.1. What is the cost of your shirts here, sir?It depe nds on which fashi on you want to buy, and the pricesfrom 100 dollars to 500 dollars.A. in creases B. ran gesC. reachesD. differe nt2. Phil

44、lip, can you see something red in the distanee on the water?A. flow ingB. flyi ngC. float ingD. wan deri ng3. This book is rather , can you give me an interesting one?A. boredB. bori ngC. tiredD. unin terested4. Hurry up ! Alice and Sue are waiting for you at the school gate .Oh ! I thought they wit

45、hout me .A. wentB. are goingC. have goneD. had gone5. Hey, Wang Lin. Why did you get up so early this morning?I that the bell had rung.A. thi nkB. thoughtC. was thi nkingD. had thought6. He is good at draw ing .A. quiet thi ngsB. still objects C. still lifesD. still lives7. On the second day after h

46、er wedding, she sweets to all thestude nts in the class.D. gave awayA. distributedB. providedC. bought8. Joh n has a special tale nt draw in g.A. with B. in C. for D. of9. To my , I came first.A. amazeB. amazedC. amaz ingD. amazeme nt10. am more tha n to take you in my car.A.happyB. happierC. happil

47、y D. happ in ess11. I that we would arrive there at 6:00 p.m.A. coun tedB. figuredC. calculatedD. evaluate12. He devoted his life world peace.A. to promoteB. to promot ingC. promoti ngD. forpromoti ng13. Her son, to whom she was so , went abroad ten years ago.A. lovedB. caredC. devotedD. affected14.

48、 We n egotiated the school master the tuiti on in crease.A. on; with B. with; of C. with; aboutD. with; to15. Tom adores classic novels and dreams a writer.A. read ing; beingB. to read; of beingC. read ing; of beingD. to read; being1-5 BCBDB 6-10 CACDA 11-15 CBCCCWord Power1. require: verb TPlease t

49、eleph one this nu mber if you require any further in formati on.如果你需要進(jìn)一步的信息，請撥打這個號碼。Bringing up childre n ofte n requires you to put their n eeds first.撫養(yǎng)孩子通常要求你把他們的需要放在第一位。requireme nt noun Cmeet the requireme nts of滿足的要求2. secret: noun(1) C a piece of information that is onlyknown by one pers on o

50、r a few peopleand should not be told to others:A close couple should have no secrets from each other.一對親密的夫妻間應(yīng)該彼此沒有什么秘密。(2) C a fact that is unknown about a subject: the secrets of the uni verse宇宙的奧秘3. draw: verb I or T drew, drawnDraw a line at the bottom of the page. 在這一頁的底部劃一條線。The train slowly d

51、rew into the station. 火車慢慢地駛進(jìn)車站。4. addition: noun C or UIn addition to his flat in London, he has a villa in Italy and a castle in Scotland.他除了在倫敦的公寓外 , 在意大利還有一幢別墅 , 在蘇格蘭有一個城堡 add verb I or TIf you add (= calculate the total of) three and four you get seven. 如果你把三和五加起來 ,就可以得到七。added adjectiveadditio

52、nal adjectiveadditional costs/problems 額外的費用 / 問題1. can you expect to get a pay rise.A. With hard workB. Although work hardC. Only with hard workD. Now that he works hard2. , mother will wait for him to have dinner together.A. However late is heB. However he is lateC. However is he lateD. However la

53、te he is3. Not until all the fish died in the river, how serious the pollutionwas.A. did the villagers realizeC. the villagers did realizeB. the villagers realizedD. didn t the villagers realize4. Not until I began to workhow much time I had wasted.A. did n t realizeB. did I realizeC. I d idn t real

54、izeD. I realized5. Do you know Jim quarrel with his brother?I don t know, .A. nor don t I careB. nor do I careD. I don t crae alsoC. I don t care neither6. Only by practicing a few hours every day be able to waste muchtime.A. you can B. can you C. you willD. will you7. Not until the early years of t

55、he19th century what heat is.A. man did knowB. man knewC. didn t man know D. did man know8. got into the room, the telephone rang.A .He hardly; thenB. Hardly had he; whenC. He had not; thanD. Not had he; whenfor9. snacks and drinks ， but they also brought cardsentertainment when they had a picnic in the forest.A. Not only they broughtB. Not only did they bringC. Not only brought theyD. Not only they did bring10. I don t think I can walk any further. , Let s stop hereofr a rest.A. Neither can I B. Neither do IC. I didn t think soD. I think so11. Only in this way do it well