名詞性從句詳細(xì)講解1

1、英語(yǔ)從句三大類(lèi)型名詞性從句講解按一般說(shuō)法，可分為三大類(lèi) 14 種從句。,名詞性從句1 主語(yǔ)從句 Whether its right or not remains to be seen.2 賓語(yǔ)從句 I wonder whether its right or not.3 同位語(yǔ)從句 This is a question whether its right or not.4 表語(yǔ)從句 The question is whether its right or not.二,形容詞性從句（定語(yǔ)從句）1 限定性定語(yǔ)從句 She is the student who can speak English we

2、ll.2 非限定性定語(yǔ)從句 She is the student,who can speak English well.三,副詞性從句（狀語(yǔ)從句）1時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句The fact will come out when he comes here.2 地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句You can go wherever you like.3原因狀語(yǔ)從句Pay more attention to your lessons because you are astudent.4 方式狀語(yǔ)從句He walks as if he were a king.5目的狀語(yǔ)從句She went to Japan so that she

3、 could learn Japanese well.6結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句She went to Japan so that she learned Japanese well.7 條件狀語(yǔ)從句 I will understand it if he tells me.8 讓步狀語(yǔ)從句 He knows a lot though he is little.、名詞性從句在復(fù)合句中起名詞作用的從句叫做名詞性從句，功能相當(dāng)于名詞詞組，根據(jù)在句中不同的語(yǔ)法功能，分為主語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從 句和同位語(yǔ)從句。引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連接詞可分為三類(lèi): 連接詞：that, whether, if （不充當(dāng)從句的任何成分

4、） 連接代詞： what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which.連接畐U詞： whe n, where, how, whythat,1. 主語(yǔ)從句作句子主語(yǔ)的從句叫主語(yǔ)從句。主語(yǔ)從句通常由從屬連詞whether, if 禾口連接代詞 what, who , which, whatever, whoever 以及連接副詞how, when, where, why等詞引導(dǎo)。that在句中無(wú)詞義,只起連接作用;連接代詞和連接副詞在句中既保留自己的疑問(wèn)含義、又起連接作用,在從句中充當(dāng)一定的成分。主語(yǔ)從句后的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù)形式。由疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)的名詞性從

5、句，語(yǔ)序?yàn)殛愂鼍湔Z(yǔ)序。例如: That he sudde niy feel illsurprised me a lot.他 突然生病讓我很吃驚。What he wan ts to tell usjs n ot clear.他要跟我們說(shuō)什么，還不清楚。vWhere the English evening will be helttas not yet been announced.英語(yǔ)晚會(huì)將在哪里舉行，還沒(méi)有宣布。有時(shí)為避免句子頭重腳輕，常用形式主語(yǔ)it代替主語(yǔ)從句作形式主語(yǔ) 放于句首，而把主語(yǔ)從句置于句末。lt is known to us how he became a writer.我們都

6、知道他是如何成為一名作家的。It doesn matter how we dealt with the problem .我們?cè)鯓犹幚磉@個(gè)問(wèn)題無(wú)關(guān)緊要。2. 賓語(yǔ)從句名詞句用作賓語(yǔ)的從句叫賓語(yǔ)從句。引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞與引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞大致一樣,在句中可以作謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞或介詞及非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)。1).由連接詞that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句由連接詞that引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，that在句中不擔(dān)任任何成分，在口語(yǔ) 或非正式的文體中常被省去，但在以下幾種特殊情況，引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句 的連詞that不能省略:a.當(dāng)為了強(qiáng)調(diào)把that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句可位于句首時(shí)，that不能省略。如:That she is a g

7、ood girl I kn ow .她是一個(gè)好姑娘，我是知道的。That he ever said such a thing I simply don t believe. 我簡(jiǎn)直不相信他 曾說(shuō)過(guò)這樣的話。b.當(dāng)that從句與動(dòng)詞被其他詞或從句隔開(kāi)時(shí)，that 一般不宜省略, 以免造成語(yǔ)義混亂。如:They told us once again that the situation was serious.他們又一次告訴我們說(shuō)形勢(shì)是嚴(yán)重的。The dealer told me how much he was prepared to pay for my car andthat I could

8、have the money without delay.那個(gè)商人告訴我他準(zhǔn)備出多少錢(qián)買(mǎi)我的汽車(chē)，并說(shuō)我會(huì)立即收到款。3. 當(dāng)兩個(gè)或多個(gè)that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句并列使用時(shí)，即使省略了第一個(gè)從句的引導(dǎo)詞that，后面的that也不可省略。如:He said (that) he couldn tll you right away and that you wouldn nderstand.他說(shuō)他不能馬上告訴你，你是不會(huì)理解的。He said (that) it was nhfcs bus in ess and that the gover nment should do something abou

9、t it.他說(shuō)這不關(guān)他的事，而是政府應(yīng)該對(duì)這事想點(diǎn)辦法。注意：在 dema nd、order、suggest、decide、in sist, desire, dema nd, request, comma nd等表示要求、命令、建議、決定等意義的動(dòng)詞后，賓語(yǔ)從句常用“（should）+動(dòng)詞原形”。例如:I insist that she (should) do her work alone.我堅(jiān)持要她自己工作。The commander ordered that troops (should) set of at once. 司令員命 令部隊(duì)馬上出發(fā)。2).用 who, whom, which

10、, whose, what, when, where, why, how, whoever, whatever, whichever等詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句相當(dāng)于特殊疑問(wèn)句,應(yīng)注意句子語(yǔ)序要用陳述語(yǔ)序。例如： I want to know what he has told you .我想知道他告訴了你什么。She always thinks ofhow she can work well.她總是在想怎樣能把工作做好。She will givewhoever needs help a warm support 凡需要幫助的人，她 都會(huì)給予熱情的支持。3).用whether或if引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，其主語(yǔ)和

11、謂語(yǔ)的順序也不能顛倒，仍保持陳述句語(yǔ)序。此外，whether與if在作“是否”的意思講 時(shí)在下列情況下一般只能用 whether，不用if: a.引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句并在句首時(shí)；b.引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句時(shí)；c .引導(dǎo)從句作介詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí)；d.從句后有“ or not”時(shí)；e.后接動(dòng)詞不定式時(shí)。例如: Whether there is life on the moon is an interesting question.月球上有沒(méi)有生命是個(gè)有趣的問(wèn)題。 Everythi ng depends on whether we have eno ugh mon ey. 一切要看我們是否有足夠的錢(qián)。4）.注意賓語(yǔ)從句中的時(shí)

12、態(tài)呼應(yīng)，當(dāng)主句動(dòng)詞是現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句根據(jù)自身的句子情況，而使用不同時(shí)態(tài)。例如:He studies English every day.（從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)）He studied English last term.（從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)）I know （that） he will study English next year.（從句用一般將來(lái)時(shí)）He has studied En glish si nee 1998.（從句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)）當(dāng)主句動(dòng)詞是過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)（could, would除外），從句則要用相應(yīng)的過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，如一般過(guò)去時(shí)，過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)等；當(dāng)從句表示的是 客觀真理，科學(xué)原理，自然現(xiàn)象，

13、則從句仍用現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。例如:The teacher told us that Tom had left us for AmericaThe teacher told us that TomJs a boy.5）. th ink, believe, imag ine, supp ose等等動(dòng)詞引起的否定性賓語(yǔ)從句中,要把上述主句中的動(dòng)詞變?yōu)榉穸ㄊ健＜磳木渲械姆穸ㄐ问揭频街骶?中（否定轉(zhuǎn)移）。例如:We don t thi nk you are here.我們認(rèn)為你不在這。I do n t believe he will do so.我相信他不會(huì)這樣做。3.表語(yǔ)從句as if在句中作表語(yǔ)的從句叫表

14、語(yǔ)從句。引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞與引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ) 從句的引導(dǎo)詞大致一樣，表語(yǔ)從句位于系動(dòng)詞后，有時(shí)也可用 引導(dǎo)。其基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：主語(yǔ) +系動(dòng)詞+引導(dǎo)詞+從句。例如:The fact is that we have lost the game.事實(shí)是我們已經(jīng)輸了這場(chǎng)比賽。That is why he didn come to the meeting. 那就是他為什么不至U會(huì)的 原因。It looks as if it is going to rain.看上去天要下雨了。需要注意的，當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是 reason時(shí)，表語(yǔ)從句要用that引導(dǎo)而不是 because）例如:The reas on why he was l

15、ate was that he missed the train by one minute this morning4. 同位語(yǔ)從句說(shuō)明其前面的名詞的具體內(nèi)容的從句是同位語(yǔ)從句。同位語(yǔ)從句通常由that引導(dǎo)，可用于同位語(yǔ)從句的名詞有advice、dema nd、doubt、fact、hope、idea、information、message news、order、problem、 promise、question、request、suggestion truth、wish、word 等。例如：The n ewsthat we won the game is excit ing.我們贏得這場(chǎng)比

16、賽的消息令人激動(dòng)。The thought came to him that Mary had probably fallen ill. 他想到可能 瑪麗生病了。同位語(yǔ)從句和定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別： 同位語(yǔ)從句所修飾的詞是有限的一些抽象名詞， 而定語(yǔ)從句就沒(méi)有這 種限制。that作為關(guān)系代詞，可以引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，充當(dāng)句子成分，在 從句中作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可以省略； that 引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句時(shí)， 起連詞的作用， 沒(méi)有實(shí)際意義，不充當(dāng)句子成分，一般不能省略。試比較下面兩個(gè)例句 :I had no idea that you were here（that 引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句，不能省略）Have you got the ide

17、a（that）this book gives you of life in ancient Greece？that 引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，作賓語(yǔ)，可以省略）名詞性從句專項(xiàng)練習(xí) 100 題he had been working hard.1. His success was because ofA. that B. the fact which C. the fact that D. the fact2. “ Is Mary from New York City” “ I dont knowA. from what city does she come from B. from what city sh

18、e comeC. what city does she come from D. what city she comes from3.makes mistakes must correct them.A. What B. That C. Whoever D. Whatever4. The reason why I didnt go to Shanghai wasa new job.A. because I got B. because of getting C. I got D. that I got5. It worried her a bither hair was turning gre

19、y.A. while B. that C. if D. for6. Henry killed the dog. Ill ask him whyA. did he do that B. he did that C. he did D. he has done so7. Have you seen Henry lately My boss wants to knowA. how he is getting along B. how is he getting alongC. what he is getting along D. what is he getting along8. It is g

20、enerally considered unwise to give a childhe or she wants.A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever9. He asked mewith me.A. what is the troubleB. what wrong wasC. what was the matter D. what trouble it is10. I am surehe said is true.A. that B. about that C. of that D. that what11. When and why

21、 he came hereyet.A. is not known B. are not known C. has not known D. have not bee12. I wonder how muchA. does the watch costB. did the watch costC. the watch costed D. the watch costs13. Mary issomeone might recognize her.A. afraid of B. afraid about C. afraid that D. afraid for14.is no reason for

22、dismissing her.A. Because she was a few minutes late B. Owing to a few minutes lateC. The fact that she was a few minutes late D. Being a few minutes late15. They came to the conclusionby a computer.A. that not all things can be done B. because of not all things be doneC. being not all things can be

23、 done D. because not all things can bedone16. Why the explosion occurred wasthe laboratory attendanthad been careless.A. for B. because C. since D. that17. I dont doubthell come.A. that B. if C. what D. whether18. “ Why did you go to the wrong class, Mr. WangWell, I forgetI was supposed to go to.A.

24、which the room B. which room C. what was the room D.what room was it19. Output is now six timesit was before liberation.A. that B. which C. what D. of which20. Mary: Helen is a mere washer woman, yet shes now buying a big house.Carol: Yes. Because shes always savedA. what little she earns B. how lit

25、tle she earnsC. for little she earns D. with little she earns21.surprised me most wassuch a little boy of sevencould play the violin so well.A. That what B. What that C. That which D. What which22. We gave himhelp we could.A. which B. what C. that D. thisyou have23. She is pleased with what you have

26、 given him and told him.A. that B. which C. all what D. all that24. Excuse me would you please tell meA. when the sports meet is taken place B. when is the sports meet going to be heldC. when is the sports meet to begin D. when the sports meet is to take place25. Do you happen to knowC. what is the

27、size of his shoes D. what number shoes are his26. This book will show youcan be used in other contexts.A. how you have observed B. how what you have observedC. that you have observed D. how that you have observed27. Where do you thinkA. has he gone B. has he been C. hes gone D. was he28. Do you know

28、A. how many populations there are in the worldB. how much population there is in the worldC. how many the population of the world isD. what the population of the world is29. Would you go and seeoutsideA. what to take placeB. what Tom has happenedC. what is happening D. what the matter had been 30. T

29、he subject of What is interesting is that I do not even know him. isA. what B. interesting C. What is interesting D. I31.I think he is Charles.A. Who do you think he is B. Do you think who he isC. Whom do you think he is D. Do you think who he is32. He didnt know which roomA. they lived B. they live

30、d in C. did they live D. did they live in33. The little boy atehis mother gave him.A. that B. which C. whatever D. no matter what34. The city is no longerA. what it is B. that it used to be C. which it was D. what it used to be35. My parents usedthey had to get a new car for me.A. which B. that C. w

31、hat D. all what36.we go swimming every dayus a lot of good.A. If ddB. That doC. If does D. That does37.was the ideathe wife thought ofA. What that B. That what C. How whyD. Why how38.did he tell his wifehe wished to doA. That what B. What that C. Where whiclD. Which wherethe book said was right.39.

32、One of the men held the viewA. what that B. that what C. that which D. which that40. I have no ideaor not he has finished the work.A. if B. that C. whether D. which 41. “ Do you knowHis father is a doctor.A. what is his father B. who is his fatherC. what his father is D. who his father is42. Is this

33、we met each other two years agoA. place B. place in which C. where D. place which43. ItBob drives badly.49. He insisted that hein good health andto work44. We all know the truthA. thinks that B. is thought what C. thought that D. is thought thatthere are air, water and sunlightthere are living thing

34、s.A. where B. wherever C. that D. that wherever45. They discussedthey could settle the problem withoutothers help.A. if B. thatC. what D. whether46. She askedA. what I was doing when she rang me up B. what was I doing when she rang me upC. when she rang me up what I was doing D. when did she ring me

35、 up what I was doing47. May I borrow the ring You can takeyou like.A. no matter what B. which C. whichever D. that48. He said that he was fond ofA. what beautiful is B. what is beautifulC. beautiful is what D. what it is beautifulthere.A. was, be sent B. is, is sent C. be, was sent D. be, send50. Do

36、 you knowhe expects will give us a talkA. who B. whom C. that D. whose51. Its uncertainthe experiment is worth doing.A. if B. thatC. whether D. how52. They would have fixed the telephone yesterdayit was aholiday.A. except B. except for C. except thatD. but for53.is to do good all ones life and never

37、 do anything bad.A. Whichever is hard B. No matter what is hardC. What is hard D. All what is hard54.the boy didnt take medicine made his mother angry.A. That B. What C. How D. Which55. As the day was fine, I made the suggestionfor a walk inthe park.A. we go B. we will go C. should we go D. that we

38、go56.we cant get seems better thanwe have.57.A. What, what B. What, that C. That, that D. That, whatyou dont like him is none of my business.A. What B. Who C. That D. Whether58. You cant imaginewhen they received these nice Christmaspresents.A. how they were excited B. how excited they were59.C. how

39、 excited were they D. they were how excitedwell go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where60.he really means ishe disagrees with us.A. What that B. That whatC. Why that D. If what61.is going to do the job will be decided by the Partycommittee.A. That B. Why C. How D

40、. Who62.well finish translating the book depends on the time.A. When B. Why C. What D. That63.the house will be built will be discussed at tomorrowsmeeting.A. If B. Where C. That D. What64.he wont go there is clear to all of us.A. How B. What C. Why D. This65.you come or not is up to you.A. What B.

41、If C. Why D. Whether66.makes mistakes must correct them.A. Who B. Anyone C. Whoever D. Anybody67.team will win the match is a matter of public concern.A. Which B. That C. If D. Howour country had sent up68.Three days later, word came another man-made satellite.A. which B. when C. that D. where69.The

42、 problem iswill go to the meeting.A. why B. when C. what D. who70.It looksit were going to rain.71.That isA. even if B. as if C. even though D. likehe likes the place so much.A. that B. what C. why D. how72.That isLu Xun once lived.A. what B. where C. that D. why73. We thoughtstrange that Tom did no

43、t come yesterday.A. that B. itC. this D. what74.The factshe had not said anything surprised all of us.A. which B. what C. that D. how75.What Im considering nowthe money we need.A. is B. are C. were D. was76.Can you tell meA. who is that gentleman B. that gentleman is whoC. who that gentleman is D. w

44、hom is that gentleman77.leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.78. It is well knownA. Anyone B. The person C. Whoever D. Whoa person eats causes changes in the body.A. that what, when, and how B. thatC. what D. how79. The energy ismakes the cells able to do their work.A. that B. which C.

45、what D. such80. Jack was soon toldhe did was not necessary.Mr. Needham said at theA. why B. that C. how D. why what81. We should think carefully about meeting.A. that B. what C. which D. X82. Can you point outtwo radios are the bestA. which B. what C. that D. whether83. You will easily knowvideo rec

46、orders （錄相機(jī) ） are thesame.84.A. what those B. that of those C. that all of D. which of thoseyou have seen things like these before doesnt matter.A. If B. Whether C. What D. When85. I asked her in Englishshe was, and she told meshe was an actress.A. who that B. who C. what X D. how that86. She took i

47、t for grantedId be back home an hour ago.A. that B. whetherC. if D. when87. We think it possiblethe local government will be able tosolve the housing problem.A. for B. that C. when D. how88. Now there is a dangerthe ground may fall in （沉下 ） underthe heavy traffic.A. whether B. if C. X D. that89. At that time I had no ideaI could hand it to him withoutbeing seen.A. if B. howC. which D. that how90. Last Sunday he promisedtoday, but he hasnt appearedyet.A. that he would come B. that he will comehe was free he would takeC. he