Unit1Friendship(押題專練)-2020高考備考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)考點(diǎn)學(xué)與練(必修1)(解析版)

1、Unit 1 Friendship第一節(jié)閱讀理解押題專練ANine mon ths ago, I was pack ing my daughters backpack with new school supplies, won deri ng how I was going to send her off to kin dergarte n. I stood on the playgro und, tears pouri ng dow n my face because I was nt ready for this first day of kin dergarte n but she wa

2、s ready. Today I will be sta nding on the playgro und, once aga in with tears, because this precious time went by too quickly. This week I realized that I n ever told you know how to express a mothers tha nks in the way a teacher deserves.We first met you at the open house the week before school sta

3、rted and I immediately knew you would be the type of teacher we would appreciate forever. While the stude nts lined up for the day, you touched each one on the shoulder as you greeted them. If a stude nt was hav ing a tough morning, you quietly held his hand and walked him into the school.I got to k

4、now you as I volun teered in the lunch room. You made sure your stude nts were all ready for lunch before you went on your own lunch break. You kept track of their big things and small thin gs, because as a veteran kin dergarte n teacher, you know that the small things are the big thin gs. I loved t

5、he way you made each stude nt feel special. You helped them fall in love with school, which is so importa nt at the start.To all of the teachers in the world who are like you, I wish you knew how grateful parents are for you. We adore you, respect you, and appreciate you. We dont tell you eno ugh we

6、 probably dont tell you ever. I wish we could take you with us to the n ext 12 grades.體裁：記敘文題材：家校關(guān)系主題：感激師恩【語篇解讀】本文主要描述了一位幼兒媽媽表達(dá)對幼兒園老師的感激。1. Why did the authors tears come down on her daughters first day of kindergarten?A. She had nt made full preparatio ns for her daughter.B. Her daughter was nt wil

7、li ng to go to kin dergarte n.C. She felt worried about her daughters being away.D. Her daughter was nt familiar with the teachers.【答案】C【解析】考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“ I stood on the playgrou nd, tears pouri ng dow n my face because Iwas nt ready for this first day of kin dergarte n but she was ready 可知”作者落淚的原因

8、是自己心里未做好面 對孩子離開自己去上幼兒園的事實(shí)的準(zhǔn)備。故C項(xiàng)為正確答案。根據(jù)第一段首句中的“Nine months ago, I waspacki ng my daughters backpack with new school supplies 可知，作者對孩子入園前的各項(xiàng)物品的準(zhǔn)備是充分 的，故A項(xiàng)錯誤；B、D兩項(xiàng)均為無中生有。2. The author noticed the teachers characteristics when.A. she stood on the playgroundB. she was at the open houseC. she said goodb

9、ye to the teacherD. she worked as a teacher at lunch time【答案】B【解析】 考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段首句“We first met you at the open house the week before schoolstartedand I immediately knew you would be the type of teacher we would appreciate forever 可知，在開學(xué)前一周的校 園開放參觀日當(dāng)天，作者就看出了孩子的老師將會是自己永遠(yuǎn)感激的人。3. What does the underline

10、d word“veteran in Paragraph 3 mean?A. Beautiful. B . Generous.C . Skillful. D . Humorous.【答案】C【解析】考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容可知，老師關(guān)注孩子們的大小事，并且深知幼兒園無小事。由此可推知，這是一位經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的幼兒教師，故畫線詞與C項(xiàng)熟練的”詞義相近。A項(xiàng)意為 美麗的”，B項(xiàng)意為 慷慨的”，D項(xiàng)意為 幽默的”，均與語境不符。4. What is this text mainly about?A. Good wishes to a kindergarten teacher.B. Sincere th

11、anks to a kindergarten teacher.C. A sweet memory of kindergarten life.D. A kids daily behavior in the kindergarten.【答案】B【解析】考查主旨大意。通讀全文可知，本文是一位幼兒媽媽表達(dá)對老師的感激，故選B項(xiàng)。A項(xiàng)對幼兒園老師的美好祝愿”，C項(xiàng) 幼兒園生活的美好回憶”，D項(xiàng)一個孩子在幼兒園的日常行為”，均與文意不符。BIt is quite appare nt that competiti on surr ounds every aspect of huma n life wheth

12、er in the Un ited States or the Amazon Rain Forest. Without it we would not have grown into primates （ 靈長目動物 ）.Or we would probably still be struggli ng to sharpe n a bronze tool while crawli ng around on four legs in search of meat. Without competiti on, Columbus would nt have discovered America an

13、d Edis on would n ever have inven ted the light bulb.The frien dship, like all relati on ships betwee n two people, in volves competitio n. It isnt competiti on in a traditi onal sense because there are no goals to be scored and no prizes. Perhaps the ecological defi niti on the simulta neous （同時的）d

14、ema nd by two or more orga ni sms for limited environmen tal resources, such as nu trie nts, livi ng space, or light better expla ins it.As in n ature, high school life is gover ned by a set of laws, similar to a shorte ned version of Darwi ns theory of evoluti on, overpopulati on, and competiti on.

15、 There is an abundance of high school stude nts and to disti nguish them, ranking and categoriz ing （分類）take place .In high school, frien dship coexists with competiti on eve n though at times the relatio nship is rough. In fact, in some circumsta nces, competiti on is too much of a burde n for frie

16、n dship to bear, caus ing it to fall apart. College admissi on is the final high school objective. Four years of hard work is to achieve good grades, and a stude nts fate is determ ined not only by these achieveme nts, but by the records of thousa nds of other seniors trying to achieve similar recog

17、 niti on.Nevertheless, by n ecessity, competiti on betwee n stude nts exists in all aspects of high school life. It sets and improves the sta ndards in everyth ing from sports to schoolwork. Healthy, frien dly competiti on can have only ben efits, but whe n it becomes too fierce, jealousy （ 妒忌）can t

18、ear frien dship apart. Yet, despite all this, without competiti on, we would be lost.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇議論文，主要論述了友誼和競爭之間的關(guān)系，健康的競爭促進(jìn)友誼，而惡性的競爭則破壞友誼?！倦y句分析】It is quite appare nt that competiti on surrounds every aspect of huma n life whether in the Un itedStates or the Amaz on Rain Forest.分析：that competition su

19、rrounds every aspect of human life whether in the United States or the Amazon RainForest是真正的主語，而It作形式主語；whether. or.意為 不管是還是”。譯文：很顯然，無論是在美利堅(jiān)合眾國還是在亞馬孫熱帶雨林，競爭圍繞著人類生活的各個方面。5. What does the ecological definition mainly explain?A. How friends compete with each other.B. How to win the competition.C. What

20、the result of competition is.D. What competition exactly is.【答案】D【解析】考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。分析第二段最后一句“Perhaps the ecological definitionthe sultaneous （同時的）dema nd by two or more orga ni sms for limited en viro nmen tal resources, such as nu trie nts, livi ng space, or light better explains it 可知，該句的主干是Perhaps the e

21、cological definition better explains it，其中 it指代的是前一句中的“competition。兩個破折號之間的內(nèi)容解釋“the ecological definition。句意：兩個或者更多的生物體同時對有限的生態(tài)環(huán)境資源有需求，如營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)、生存空間、光一一這一生態(tài)學(xué)定義更好地解釋了競爭（的含義）。故選D項(xiàng)。6. According to the author, what causes the high school students to compete?A. The number of them is too large.B. Friendship

22、is a burden for them.C. They know the laws of nature well.D. They are divided into different groups.【答案】A【解析】考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容可知，高中生活與自然界一樣有一系列的規(guī)則，這與達(dá)爾文關(guān)于進(jìn)化、人口過多和競爭的理論相似。也正是因?yàn)閷W(xué)生人數(shù)眾多，為了區(qū)分，所以對學(xué)生進(jìn)行了排名、分類。再加上考大學(xué)這一高中生活的最終目標(biāo)的壓力，高中生之間的競爭就不可避免地產(chǎn)生了。故選A項(xiàng)。7. Which best describes the relati on ship of frien dship

23、and competiti on?A. Friendship is always based on competition.B. The degree of competition is vital to friendship.C. Competition is terribly harmful to friendship.D. Competition is a result of lost friendship.【答案】B【解析】考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“ Healthy, frie ndly competition can have only ben efits, but whe n

24、it becomes too fierce, jealousy （妒忌）can tear friendship apart可知，健康的、友好的競爭對友誼有好處，而過 于激烈的、存在妒忌的競爭會使友誼破裂。因此競爭的度對友誼是至關(guān)重要的。故選B項(xiàng)。CI think it was October, 1982. A friend had bus in ess deali ngs in the city of Reno, Nevada, and I was asked to accompa ny her on an over ni ght trip. While she con ducted her

25、bus in ess, I was aimlessly wan deri ng dow n Virginia Street, headi ng into a most gloriously beautiful sun set. I had an urge to speak to some one on the street to share that beauty, but I could nt make eye con tact with anyone. Quickly I ducked into a departme nt store and asked the lady beh ind

26、the coun ter if she could come outside for just a minu te. She looked at me as though I were from some other pla net and said,“ Well. Surpris in gly, she followed me out.When she got outside I said to her,“ Just look at that sun set! Nobody out here was look ing at it and I just hadto share it with

27、some one.”For a few sec onds we just looked. Then I said,in his heavendand alls right with the world.” I thher for coming out to see it and shari ng the beauty.Four years later my situati on had cha nged con siderably. Ihad come to the end of a twen ty- year marriage. Iwas alone and on my own for th

28、e first time in my life. One day, while my clothes were going around, I picked up a Unity Magazine and read an article about a woman who had been in similar circumstances. She had come to the end of a marriage, moved to a stra nge com muni ty, and the only job she could find was one she disliked: co

29、smetic sales in a departme nt store. We had a lot in com mon.Then someth ing happe ned to her that cha nged everyth ing. She said a woma n came into her departme nt store and asked her to step outside to look at a sun set. The stra nger had said“ Gods in his heave n and allsthe world , ” and she had

30、 realized the truth in that statement and that she simply had not been seeing it. From thatmome nt on, she tur ned her life around.【文章大意】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者與陌生的女店員分享看到的日落美景，而這次經(jīng)歷改變了這位女店員的人生。文章旨在告訴讀者用樂觀積極的態(tài)度面對變化不定的人生。【長難句分析】One day, while my clothes were going around, I picked up a Unity Magazine and read

31、anarticle about a woman who had been in similar circumstances.（ 第四段第四句 ）分析：該句為主從復(fù)合句。who had been in similar circumstances為who引導(dǎo)的定語從句，修飾先行詞a woman; while引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。譯文：一天，我四處閑逛時在 Unity Magazine上閱讀到了一篇文章，該文章是關(guān)于一位和我有著相同遭 遇的女士的。1. Why did the writer duck into a departme nt store?A. She found it was bori ng

32、 with no body talk ing to her.B. She wan ted to buy someth ing for her friend.C. She wan ted to find somebody to share the beautifulsun set.D. She thought it was her responsibility to share thenatural beauty with others.【答案】C考查細(xì)節(jié)理解?！娟P(guān)鍵句】 While she con ducted her bus in ess, I was aimlessly wan deri

33、ng dow n Virginia Street, head ing into a most gloriously beautiful sun set. I had an urge to speak to some one on the street to share that beauty, but I could nt make eye contact with anyon e.（ 第一段第三、四句 ）譯文：在她處理業(yè)務(wù)期間，我漫無目的地在Virginia大街上閑逛，眼前便是輝煌壯麗的日落美景。我迫切地想在街上找個人和他分享美景，可是我一個人都沒有找到?！窘馕觥吭擃}提問的是作者溜進(jìn)商店的原

34、因。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵句并結(jié)合文章第二段內(nèi)容可知，作者溜進(jìn)商店 是為了邀請別人一起欣賞日落美景。故C項(xiàng)正確。2. What does the sentence“ Gods in his heave n and alls right with the world” mean?A. We should be optimistic in the face of uncertainty.B. We should believe in God who can help us when weare in trouble.C. We should never hold the belief that God can

35、change our life.D. We should be independent and enjoy ourselves in spite of difficulties.【答案】A考查句意理解?！娟P(guān)鍵句】.and she had realized the truth in that statement and that she simply had not been seeing it.From that moment on, she turned her life around.（ 最后一段最后兩句 ）譯文：她已經(jīng)認(rèn)識到了這句話中蘊(yùn)含的真理，只是一直沒有留意過。從那一刻起，她的人生發(fā)

36、生了翻天覆地的改變?！窘馕觥客ㄗx全文可知，這句話共出現(xiàn)過兩次，第一次是在第三段第二句；第二次是在第五段第三句。 結(jié)合最后一段最后兩句及第四段和第五段描述的該女士最終改變了自己的人生可知，該句是在說前途未卜 時，我們應(yīng)保持積極樂觀的心態(tài)。故A項(xiàng)正確。3. What do you think fin ally cha nged the writers attitudetowards life?A. The old magazine she came across.B. The encouragement from the woman.C. The sun set they enjoyed four

37、 years ago.D. The womans story.【答案】D考查推理判斷。【解析】該題問的是你認(rèn)為是什么最終改變了作者對待生活的態(tài)度。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，作者邀請一 位女士一起分享日落美景這一舉動及在觀景時所發(fā)出的感悟改變了這位女士看待人生的態(tài)度，從而改變了 她的人生。如今作者和這位女士之前的遭遇相似，得知她已改寫自己的命運(yùn)。由此可推知，這位女士的故 事會改變作者對待人生的態(tài)度。故D項(xiàng)正確。4. What may be the best title for the text?A. Depending on yourselfB. Shari ng beautyC. Struggling

38、 every dayD. Never giving up halfway【答案】B考查標(biāo)題概括?！娟P(guān)鍵句】 While she con ducted her bus in ess, I was aimlessly wan deri ng dow n Virginia Street , headi ng into a most gloriously beautiful sun set.I had an urge to speak to some one on the street to share that beauty , but I could nt make eye con tact wi

39、th anyon e.（第一段第三、四句 ）譯文：在她處理業(yè)務(wù)期間，我漫無目的地在Virginia大街上閑逛，眼前便是輝煌壯麗的日落美景。我迫切地想告訴街上的人以便同他們分享美景，可是我一個人都沒有找到?！窘馕觥扛鶕?jù)關(guān)鍵句并結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，文章由 欣賞日落美景”引出故事，且兩次提到觀景的感悟， 告訴讀者用積極樂觀的態(tài)度來面對變化不定的人生。B項(xiàng) 分享美景”最適合做文章標(biāo)題。故B項(xiàng)正確。DBest friends may be priceless but the cost of keeping the relationship alive is 23,870.According to a st

40、udy, a BFF （Best Friend Forever） does not come cheap with devoted pals blowing 4,679 on birthday presents alone over a lifetime. And while it costs nothing to be a shoulder to cry on, big- hearted Britons go the extra mile and spend 168 on pick-me-ups （提神物品）to get their mate through a rocky patch（艱難

41、時刻 ） like the breakup of a relati on ship.Theres a further 242 spent on presents to show how much they mean from gifts bought on holiday to treats for no reason. And distanee does not break up a close friendship as BFFs spend a whopping （巨大的） 18,000 on travel to see each other despite being miles ap

42、art because of university, jobs and marriage.The study by cashback site TopCashBack found on average BFFs who wed can expect 431 spent on themand a further 283 on gifts when they have children. And they can rely on their pals to help out when they move house as they will obtain 127 worth of housewar

43、ming presents and takeaways as well as putting in a shift with the pack ing and un pack ing.The survey based on a frien dship lasti ng 40 years found more tha n eight in ten adults with a BFF felt their frien dships were worth every penny.TopCashBack spokespers on Natasha Smith said,“ Those frien ds

44、hips which sta nd the test of time are ofte n themost important in our lives. However, they come at a cost. From train tickets once a month to flights and a new dress for a wedding on the Italian coast, the price paid for having a best mate can soon add up. But when we asked people to compare their

45、frien dship with the mon etary in vestme nt, only 14% thought their frien dship was equal to their in vestme nt with the vast majority thinking it was worth more.”【文章大意】最好的朋友也許是無價的，但維持一段友誼卻是高價的。那么你知道維持一段友誼需要多少錢嗎？ 一項(xiàng)研究給出了答案?！鹃L難句分析】 And while it costs nothing to be a shoulder to cry on, big- hearted B

46、ritons go the extra mile and spend 168 on pick- me-ups（提神物品）to get their mate through a rocky patch（艱難時刻）like the breakup of a relationship.（第二段第二句）分析： 本句為復(fù)合句。while it costs nothing to be a shoulder to cry on 為讓步狀語從句。主句為 big- heartedBritons go the extra mile.relationship 。譯文：雖然在朋友哭泣時成為朋友的依靠不需要花費(fèi)什么，但

47、是慷慨大方的英國人會為朋友付出更多，他們會花168英鎊來為朋友買能令人振作的物品，助其度過諸如關(guān)系破裂等困難時期。5. What does the un derli ned word in Paragraph 2 mean?A. Ambitious. B . Generous.C. Troublesome. D. Energetic.【答案】B【解析】考查詞義猜測。畫線部分后的 “go the extra mile and spend 168 on pick- me-ups（提神物品）to get their mate through a rocky patch （艱難時刻）like the

48、breakup of a relationship 就是對它的進(jìn)一步說明。此處指雖然在朋友哭泣時成為朋友的依靠并不需要花費(fèi)什么，但是英國人會為朋發(fā)付出更多，他們會花168英鎊來為朋友買令人振作的物品，助其度過諸如失戀等困難時期。畫線部分的意思應(yīng)該是慷慨的”，故選B。6. To keep the relati on ship, where do BFFs spe nd most mon ey?A. Buying birthday presents.B. Cheering up a friend in low spirits.C. Paying for holiday gifts and othe

49、r treats.D. Going a particular distanee to visit friends.【答案】D【解析】考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“blowing 4,679 on birthday presents” sei68 onpick- me-ups（提神物品 ）以及第三段中的 242 spent on presents.from gifts bought on holiday totreats. ”“ spend a whe巨p大的（） 18,000 on travel to see each other 可知，為了維持一段友誼，花在旅途中的費(fèi)用是最多的，所以選 D。

50、7. What is Natashas un dersta nding of BFF frien dship?A. Its costly and unaffordable.B. Its expensive but worthwhile.C. Its rewarding but hard to keep.D. Its changeable but worth possessing.【答案】B【解析】考查觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Those friendships which stand the test of time are often the mostimportant in our li

51、ves. However, they come at a cost.可知，Natasha認(rèn)為，經(jīng)受得起時間考驗(yàn)的友誼通常是我 們?nèi)松凶钪匾臇|西，但那是要付出成本的。也就是說與一生的摯友的友誼很貴但很值得。所以選B。8. How is the passage developed?A. By listing figures.B. By giving examples.C. By analyzing causes.D. By making comparisons.【答案】A【解析】考查寫作手法。根據(jù)文中的“ 23,870” 4,679” “168” 242” 18,000”等數(shù)據(jù)可知，本文作者是

52、通過列數(shù)據(jù)的方法來行文的，故選A。第二節(jié)完形填空AMildred Webinga Freema n was an En glish teacher at the new middle school I atte nded in the ninth grade. She was nt my _1_ ; she was the adviser to the safety patrol（巡邏隊(duì)）on which I _2_. I loved being around her and _3_ her sense of humor and kind pers on ality. She was _4_

53、a good liste ner.At the end of the year, she _5_ that she was movi ng to Florida, and I was very sad. We excha nged _6_ and became pen pals. I could tell her _7_， and she treated me _8_ respect even though I was a teenager.In Florida, Mrs. Freema n became a Realtor （房地產(chǎn)經(jīng)紀(jì)人 ）,_9 she man aged to find

54、time to write letters.She wrote _10_ stories and always took my concerns _11_. She had give n me a（n） _12 in vitati on to visit, and I missed her so much. When I _13_ to take her up on the _1 _ ， she answered, “ Get your shoes on and your bags _15! You are welcome any time ！ ”I spe nt three weeks wi

55、th her in Miami. Her _16_ of poetry, music, and creative writi ng _17_ me to follow these endeavors （努力）.One day _18_ hanging sheets on the clothesline, she _19_ and said, “ You know, the sky is fuel for the soul.” I had never lookfed abehee hearing those words. Two years later, Ireceived a call tha

56、t Mrs. Freema n had passed away.【文章大意】本文主要講述了作者在中學(xué)期間和一名英語老師之間的故事。1. A.motherB . friendC. classmate D. teacher【答案】D【解析】 根據(jù)上文中的 “ Mildred Webinga Freema n was an En glish teacher at the new middle school I attended in the ninth grade.禾口空后的 ” “ she waste adviser to the safety patrol（巡邏隊(duì)）可推知， Mildred We

57、binga Freeman不是作者的老師（teacher）,下文中的 “ and became pen pal也是提示。2. A.servedB. advisedC. expectedD . led【答案】A【解析】根據(jù)語境并結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，作者當(dāng)時也在巡邏隊(duì)里。serve為工作”。3. A.sharedB. enjoyedC. imaginedD. found【答案】B【解析】根據(jù)空前的“I loved being around her可知”作者喜歡(enjoyed)老師的幽默感和善良的品質(zhì)。4. A.neverB . justC. still D. also【答案】D【解析】根據(jù)上文中的“an English teacher和the adviser可知，本句是對這位老師身份的補(bǔ)充說明，指她也(also)是一個好的傾聽者。5. A.knewB . announcedC. thought D. rea