高中同位語從句

1、 the fact that ocean ships can go the fact that ocean ships can go there surprises many people.there surprises many people. 1) what is the fact?1) what is the fact? the idea is that ocean ships can go there.the idea is that ocean ships can go there. 2) what surprises many people?2) what surprises ma

2、ny people? i) the fact surprises many people.i) the fact surprises many people. ii) ocean ships can go there surprises ii) ocean ships can go there surprises many people. many people. notesnotes 一、一、同位語從句的概念同位語從句的概念 二、二、同位語從句的引導詞同位語從句的引導詞 三、三、其后常用其后常用同位語同位語從句的名詞從句的名詞 四、四、同位語從句與定語從句的區(qū)別同位語從句與定語從句的區(qū)別 五

3、、五、名詞性從句的種類名詞性從句的種類 同位語從句，即從句在句中作主語或賓語的同同位語從句，即從句在句中作主語或賓語的同 位語，是對句子主語或賓語的解釋、說明。位語，是對句子主語或賓語的解釋、說明。 e.g. we heard e.g. we heard the newsthe news that our teamthat our team had won. had won. the factthe fact how our team won the how our team won the game game is a mystery. is a mystery. the reasonthe

4、 reason why our team won the why our team won the game game is obvious. is obvious. 同位語從句的引導詞常用同位語從句的引導詞常用that, whthat, wh-, how-, how等。等。 e.g.e.g. i have no idea when he will be back. how he can get the treasure. where the concert will be held. who can finish the work. why it happened. which pen is

5、 mine. what we should do next. whom they are talking about. whether itll rain tomorrow. that our football team won the game. fact, hope, idea, news, fact, hope, idea, news, suggestion, order, reason, suggestion, order, reason, truth, possibility, doubt, truth, possibility, doubt, thought, message, p

6、roblem, thought, message, problem, promise promise 等等。等等。 同位語從句跟在名詞后面，表示該先同位語從句跟在名詞后面，表示該先 行詞的具體內容。其后常用同位語從行詞的具體內容。其后常用同位語從 句的句的名詞名詞主要是主要是抽象名詞抽象名詞，如：，如： 同位語從句與定語從句的區(qū)別同位語從句與定語從句的區(qū)別 比較：比較： 1.the suggestion that we discuss the problem the suggestion that we discuss the problem all over again is a good

7、one.all over again is a good one. 同位語從句：同位語從句： 定語從句定語從句: : 2.the suggestion that he gave at the meetingthe suggestion that he gave at the meeting was a good one.was a good one. what is the suggestion? the suggestion is that we discuss the problem all over again. which suggestion was a good one? the

8、suggestion that he gave at the meeting. 一、同位語從句與定語 從句的相似之處 1、兩種從句都可以譯成定語、兩種從句都可以譯成定語 e.g. the news that our team has won the final match is encouraging. （同位語從句） 我們隊取得決賽勝利的我們隊取得決賽勝利的消息令人鼓舞。消息令人鼓舞。 the news that you told us is really encouraging. （定語從句）你告訴我們的你告訴我們的消息真的令人鼓舞。消息真的令人鼓舞。 一、同位語從句與定語 從句的相似之處

9、 2、兩種從句都可以用、兩種從句都可以用that引導引導 e.g. the suggestion that students should learn something practical is worth considering. （同位語從句）（同位語從句） 學生應該學些實用的東西的學生應該學些實用的東西的建議值得考慮。建議值得考慮。 the suggestion that is worth considering is that the students should learn something practical. （定語從句）（定語從句）值得考慮的值得考慮的建議是學生應該學些實

10、建議是學生應該學些實 用的東西。用的東西。 二、同位語從句與定語二、同位語從句與定語 從句的從句的不同之處不同之處 1 1、從句的功能不同：同位語從句用來進一步從句的功能不同：同位語從句用來進一步 解釋說明前面名詞的內容；定語從句用來解釋說明前面名詞的內容；定語從句用來 修飾、限定前面的名詞。修飾、限定前面的名詞。 e.g. the news that our team has won the final match is encouraging. （從句說明（從句說明“消息消息”的內容：的內容：我們隊我們隊 取得了決賽勝利。取得了決賽勝利。） the news that you told u

11、s is really encouraging. （從句對（從句對“消息消息”加以限定：是加以限定：是你告訴我們的你告訴我們的，而非而非 來自其他渠道。但消息是何內容卻不得而知。）來自其他渠道。但消息是何內容卻不得而知。） 二、同位語從句與定語二、同位語從句與定語 從句的不同之處從句的不同之處 2 2、引導從句的關聯(lián)詞、引導從句的關聯(lián)詞that的功能不同：的功能不同：that 引導同位語從句時是一個純連詞，不充當任引導同位語從句時是一個純連詞，不充當任 何成分；而引導定語從句的何成分；而引導定語從句的that是關系代詞，是關系代詞， 既指代先行詞又須在從句中充當成分。既指代先行詞又須在從句中充

12、當成分。 e.g.1) dad made a promise that he would buy me cd player if i passed the english test. （that 不充當任何成分）不充當任何成分） 2) dad made a promise that excited all his children. （that指代指代promise，又在從句中充當主語。），又在從句中充當主語。） practice i. tell the function of the clauses in the following sentences 說出下列從句的功能：說出下列從句的功能

13、：a: appositive（同位語）（同位語）; b: attributive（定語）（定語） 1. his plan that we go there on foot is acceptable. 2. many teachers hold the view that teenagers should not spend too much time online. 3.the first request that he made was to ask for freedom. 4. he made an excuse that his car broke down on the way.

14、5. is this the company where your father works? 6. this is the reason that he gave for his absence. 3. 5. 6. ii. choose the best answer 1.they expressed the hope _they would come over to china. a. which b. that c. whom d. when 2.the fact_ he didnt see tom yesterday is true. a. that b. which c. when

15、d. what 3.i have no idea _he will come back. a. where b. when c. what d. that ii. choose the best answer 4.the news _ surprised everybody yesterday now proves to be false. a. that b. when c. what d. how 5.one of the men held the view _ the book said was right. a. what that b. that which c. that what

16、 d. which that 6.word has come _ some american guests will come for a visit to our college next week. a. what b. whether c. that d. which 1.when we will start is not clear. 2.mrs black wont believe that her son has become a thief. 3. my idea is that we should do it right now. 4.i had no idea that yo

17、u were her friend. 主語從句主語從句 賓語從句賓語從句 表語從句表語從句 同位語從句同位語從句 名詞性從句的種類名詞性從句的種類 主語從句主語從句 在復合句中作主句的主語在復合句中作主句的主語.引導詞有連詞引導詞有連詞that (that 不可省不可省),whether; 代詞有代詞有who, what ,which;副副 詞詞 when ,where, how, why 等等.如如: 1.that he is a famous singer is known to us. (it is known to us that he is a famous singer.) 2.w

18、hen he will go to america is not yet fixed. (it is not yet fixed when he will go to america.) we believe (that) he is honest. i told him (that) i would come back soon. he said (that)he would go there the next day and that his family wouldnt go there. 賓語從句賓語從句 在復合句中作主句的賓語在復合句中作主句的賓語.引導詞有連詞引導詞有連詞that (that 常常 可省略可省略),whether,if; 代詞有代詞有who, whose, what , which;副詞副詞 when ,where, how, why 等等.如如: 表語從句表語從句 在復合句中作主句的表語在復合句中作主句的表語.引導詞有連詞引導