山西省專升本綜合英語模擬8

1、 山西省專升本綜合英語模擬 8(總分：150.00，做題時間：90分鐘)一、vocabulary & structure(總題數(shù)：20，分數(shù)：20.00)1.bacon and scrambled eggs _ the standard american breakfast.（分數(shù)：1.00）a.wereb.are c.have beend.is解析：解析句意：熏肉和煎蛋是美國的傳統(tǒng)早餐。盡管 breakfast沒有使用復(fù)數(shù)形式，但是熏肉和煎蛋是兩種食品，be動詞應(yīng)使用復(fù)數(shù)形式。本句是一般現(xiàn)在時，所以用 are。2._ we all know, it is impossible to spea

2、k or write english or any other language withoutusing the verb.（分數(shù)：1.00）a.forb.sincec.as d.which解析：解析句意：眾所周知，在說或?qū)懹⒄Z或其他語言時不用動詞是不可能的。固定搭配題。as we allknow為固定搭配，意為：眾所周知，與 as is known to all同義。3.im going to have my letters _ tomorrow.（分數(shù)：1.00）a.typeb.typingc.typed d.to be typed解析：解析 句意：我明天將去把我的信打印出來。本題考查使

3、役動詞 have的用法。have sth. done意思是“使某事被完成”，這里是指信件被打印出來。在 have sb. do sth. 結(jié)構(gòu)中，賓語和動詞 do之間是主動關(guān)系，意思是“讓某人做某事”。4.im considering _ your offer.（分數(shù)：1.00）a.acceptb.accepting c.to acceptd.accepted解析：解析 句意：我正在考慮接受你的幫助。本題考查 consider的用法。consider doing sth. 意為“考慮做某事”，consider后面一般跟動詞的-ing形式。5.if i _ the exam, he would

4、be astonished.（分數(shù)：1.00）a.did passb.passc.were to passd.had passed 解析：解析 句意：要是我通過了考試的話，他將會感到很吃驚。本題考查錯綜條件句中虛擬語氣用法。從句為與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣，謂語動詞應(yīng)該用 had done，故選 d。主句為與將來事實相反的虛擬語氣，謂語動詞應(yīng)該用 would/should/could+動詞原形。 6.no sooner _ stepped out of the hall than it began to rain.（分數(shù)：1.00）a.had we b.have wec.did wed.do w

5、e解析：解析句意：我們剛走出大廳就下雨了。本題考查倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。當(dāng)表示否定意義的詞“never，hardly，seldom，under no conditions，no sooner”等置于句首時，句子要用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，即將謂語動詞的助動詞置于主語之前。以no sooner. than/hardly.when引起的從句中謂語若用一般過去時，主句謂語動詞就用過去完成時。7.some students ran back to the dormitory, magazines _ under their arms.（分數(shù)：1.00）a.to be heldb.was heldc.held d.holdi

6、ng解析：解析句意：一些學(xué)生胳膊下夾著雜志跑回了宿舍。本題考查非謂語動詞。逗號前面是一個完整的句子，所以推測出逗號后面應(yīng)是一個表示伴隨的狀語結(jié)構(gòu)，即由邏輯主語+分詞構(gòu)成的獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。又因magazine與hold之間為被動關(guān)系，因此應(yīng)用過去分詞，所以選c。8.i like to get up early so that i can get plenty of work _ before lunch.（分數(shù)：1.00）a.to dob.doingc.done d.being done解析：解析句意：我喜歡早起，這樣我就能在午飯前做完很多工作。本題考查非謂語動詞。have/get+sth.+過去

7、分詞表示“使某事被完成”。此結(jié)構(gòu)中過去分詞做賓語補足語，故選c。9._ finished his work, he had to stay at home on the weekend.（分數(shù)：1.00）a.having not beenb.being notc.not having d.having not解析：解析句意：由于沒有完成工作，他周末不得不待在家里。本題考查非謂語動詞。因為前面分詞結(jié)構(gòu)的邏輯主語為he，所以與分詞之間為主動關(guān)系，且not 要放在動詞-ing 形式之前進行否定，所以選 c。10._ experiments on the laboratory, it started

8、to rain heavily.（分數(shù)：1.00）a.while performingb.performingc.while i was performing d.to perform解析：解析 句意：當(dāng)我正在實驗室做實驗的時候，外面下起了大雨。本題考查時間狀語從句。while引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句常表示在一段較長的時間或過程中，主句的動詞和從句的動詞所表示的動作或狀態(tài)同時發(fā)生。從句謂語不能表示瞬時性或短暫性的動作。另外，a、b、d項的邏輯主語為人，也不符合句意，所以正確選項為c。11._ on time according to the instruction, these pills will

9、 be quite effective.（分數(shù)：1.00）a.takingb.being taken c.taken d.having taken解析：解析句意：如果按照說明按時服用，這些藥將會非常有效。非謂語動詞題。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，從句動作 take服，吃(藥)與句子主語 these pills存在動賓關(guān)系，因此要用過去分詞形式，相當(dāng)于一個狀語從句。12.the meeting was put off until next week, which was exactly _ we wanted.（分數(shù)：1.00）a.what b.whichc.thatd.it解析：解析 句意：會議被推遲到下周

10、，這也正是我們想要的。名詞性從句題。本句考查關(guān)系代詞 what引導(dǎo)的表語從句做 which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句的表語，而且 what在表語從句中做 want的賓語。13.mr. smith left for london this morning. i had thought he _ until next monday.（分數(shù)：1.00）a.isnt goingb.wasnt going c.wont goingd.hasnt gone解析：解析句意：史密斯先生今早離開去倫敦了。我原本以為他不到下周一是不會去的。謂語動詞的時態(tài)題。從句表示“我過去以為”的內(nèi)容，所以其謂語動詞應(yīng)用過去將來時。

11、14.doing your homework is a sure way to improve your test scores, and this is especially true_it comes to classroom tests.（分數(shù)：1.00）a.when b.whilec.asd.after解析：解析句意：做家庭作業(yè)是提高測試成績的一種有效方式，對課堂測試而言，尤其是這樣。本題考查 when it comes to.結(jié)構(gòu)。when it comes to.為固定用法，意為“涉及，關(guān)于，就而言”。15.what they said _ us much to think abo

12、ut.（分數(shù)：1.00）a.have leftb.has left c.to leaved.leaving解析：解析 句意：他們說的話讓我們考慮了很多。謂語動詞時態(tài)題。本句的主語是 what引導(dǎo)的主語從句。當(dāng)主語是 what/whether/that等引導(dǎo)的從句時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。故選 b。16.the clothes a person wears may express his _ or social position.（分數(shù)：1.00）a.significanceb.determinationc.curiosityd.status 解析：解析句意：一個人的衣著可能顯示其身份和社會地位。詞義

13、辨析題。significance：意義，重要性；determination：決心；curiosity：好奇心；status：身份，地位。17.in some countries, traffic police can _ instant fines on speeding motorists.（分數(shù)：1.00）a.compel b.impose c.charged.force解析：解析句意：在一些國家，交警可以對超速行駛者當(dāng)即執(zhí)行罰款。詞義辨析題。compel：迫使；impose：罰(款)，強制實行，常用結(jié)構(gòu) impose sth. on/upon sth. /sb.：charge：收費，要價

14、，charge sb. for sth.；force：強迫，迫使，force sb. to do sth.。根據(jù)詞義及搭配選 b。18.he is not such a person and he _ such a thing.（分數(shù)：1.00）a.cannot have done b.must not have donec.should not have doned.could not have done解析：解析 句意：他不是那樣一個人，不可能做那種事。情態(tài)動詞用法題?！癱annot have+動詞的過去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)表示對過去發(fā)生事情的否定推測，表示“不可能”。故選 a。19.i have

15、to _ my visit as ill be very busy next week.（分數(shù)：1.00）a.call forb.call onc.call off d.call in解析：解析 句意：我不得不取消我的參觀計劃，因為我下周將會很忙。短語辨析題。call for：需要；call on：拜訪；call off：取消；call in：打電話來(工作單位等)。20.the educator and scholar _ from shanghai.（分數(shù)：1.00）a.comeb.comes c.has comed.have come解析：解析句意：這位教育家和學(xué)者來自上海。謂語動詞時態(tài)

16、題。兩個名詞由 and連接，且只有一個限定詞修飾時，它們常常表示同一概念。本句中兩個名詞 educator和 scholar只有一個限定詞 the修飾，表示同一個人，所以謂語動詞用單數(shù)，選 b。如果兩個名詞分別有限定詞修飾，它們則表示兩個不同的概念，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。例如：the educator and the scholar come from shanghai.二、cloze(總題數(shù)：1，分數(shù)：30.00)most people retire from work between the ages of 60 and 65. this has 1 consequences, one econ

17、omicand 2 psychological.economically: 3 retired people receive a pension養(yǎng)(老金)from the government or from their past4 , it is often much less than they earned when they were working. unless people 5 to save moneyduring their years 6 work, their standard of living may fall greatly when they retire.psy

18、chologically: old people in western countries are generally considered 7 , and they are eventhought of as a 8 on their families and on the public purse. they are 9 held in respect. on theother hand, most of them, so used to 10 work, simply do not know how to relax or 11 other intereststhough they ha

19、ve time to do so now. they feel they should be working and 12 , because work was13 they were respected and their skills recognized. 14 retired people, their self-confidence isdiminished (減弱). the longer they are away from the work place, 15 grows a sense of being worthless.（分數(shù)：30.00）a.two b.therec.m

20、anyd.some 解析：解析 此句的含義為：有兩種原因?qū)е峦诵?，一為?jīng)濟原因，另一個是心理原因。選項 a. two符合題意。a.anotherb.the other c.othersd.other解析：解析 one., the other.一個另一個，another意為“另一的，不同的”；the other意為“是其中的另一個”；others意為“另外的人”；other意為“別的，其他的”。a.unlessb.forc.befored.although 解析：解析此句的含義為：經(jīng)濟原因：盡管退休的人從政府或其以前的雇主處領(lǐng)取養(yǎng)老金，但這筆錢要比他們在工作的時候能拿到的要少很多。althoug

21、h意為“盡管”表讓步。a.employeesb.employers c.employeed.employer解析：解析 employees意為“受雇者，雇工，雇員”；employers意為“雇主”；employee意為“雇員”；employer意為“雇主”。根據(jù)句意，退休者不是一個人所以雇主也不會是一個人所以用復(fù)數(shù)。a.had managedb.have managed c.are managingd.will manage解析：解析此句的含義為：除非人們在其工作期間一直節(jié)約，他們的生活水平在其退休后才不至于大幅下降。過去動作一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，對現(xiàn)在有影響要用現(xiàn)在完成時。a.onb.withc.

22、ford.at 解析：解析 at work意為“在工作”。a.usefulb.usefullyc.useless d.uselessly解析：解析 根據(jù)題意 consider sb/sth. to be+形容詞，to be可以省略意為“認為某人是”；根據(jù)下文內(nèi)容可知在西方老年人被認為是無用的人。a.burden b.troublec.difficultyd.problem解析：解析 根據(jù)句意可知老年人被認為是家庭和社會的負擔(dān)(burden)。a.mostb.mostlyc.hardd.hardly 解析：解析 根據(jù)句意可知老年人幾乎不被尊重。most意為“最，最多，極其”；mostly意為“大

23、概，大部分，主要”；hard意為“努力地，猛烈地，堅定地”；hardly意為“幾乎不”。故選 d。a.focusing on b.focus onc.focusing atd.focus at解析：解析此句的含義為：另一方面是，他們中的大多數(shù)人已經(jīng)習(xí)慣于工作，以至于他們不知道怎樣去放松。used to doing意為“習(xí)慣于做”。a.produceb.pushc.pursue d.purchase解析：解析 根據(jù)句意：他們不知道如何去追求(pursue)他們的興趣。a.contributing b.contributedc.to contributed.contribute解析：解析 此句的含

24、義為：他們感覺他們應(yīng)該一直工作和貢獻。由 and可知 working和 contributing為并列關(guān)系。a.where b.thatc.whend.what解析：解析根據(jù)句意可知，只有在工作中他們才能獲得尊重，他們的技能才能被認可。所以用 where引導(dǎo)表語從句。a.likeb.as c.withd.by解析：解析 like意為“像一樣”；as意為“作為”。根據(jù)句意此處為“作為退休的人，”。a.keenerb.more keenc.the more keend.the keener 解析：解析 the more., the more.意為“越越”。三、reading comprehensi

25、on(總題數(shù)：0，分數(shù)：0.00)四、passage 1(總題數(shù)：1，分數(shù)：15.00)in the united states, elementary education begins at the age of six. at this stage nearly allthe teachers are women, mostly married. the atmosphere is usually very friendly, and the teachershave now accepted the idea that the important thing is to make the

26、 children happy and interested.the old authoritarian (要絕對服從的) methods of education were discredited (不被認可) rather along time agoso much so that many people now think that they have gone too far in the directionof trying to make children happy and interested rather than giving them actual instruction

27、.the social education of young children tries to make them accept the idea that human beings ina society need to work together for their common good. so the emphasis is on cooperation ratherthan competition throughout most of this process. this may seem curious, in view of the fact thatamerican soci

28、ety is highly competitive; however, the need for making people sociable in this sensehas come to be regarded as one of the functions of education. most americans do grow up withcompetitive ideas, and obviously quite a few as criminals, but it is not fair to say that theeducational system fails. it p

29、robably does succeed in making most people sociable and ready tohelp one another both in material ways and through kindness and friendliness.（分數(shù)：15.00） (1).according to the passage, the u. s. elementary education is supposed to make children _.（分數(shù)：3.00）a.sensible and sensitiveb.competitive and inter

30、estedc.curious and friendlyd.happy and cooperative 解析：解析事實細節(jié)題。文章第一段第三句談到老師們都認可讓孩子們開心、有興趣很重要；第二段前兩句又提到社會性教育強調(diào)的是合作而不是競爭。因此d最符合題意。(2).some americans complain about elementary schools because they think _.（分數(shù)：3.00）a.children are reluctant to help each otherb.schools lay too much emphasis on cooperationc

31、.children should grow up with competitive ideasd.schools give little actual instruction to children 解析：解析 事實細節(jié)題。答案在第一段最后一句：“.many people now think that they have gonetoo far in the direction of trying to make children happy andinterested rather than givingthemactual instruction.”(許多人認為在使孩子們開心、有興趣方面做

32、得太多，卻沒給他們實際的指導(dǎo)。)注意選項d里的little表示“幾乎沒有”。(3).the authors attitude towards american education can be best described as _.（分數(shù)：3.00）a.favorable b.negativec.tolerantd.unfriendly解析：解析 推理判斷題。題目要求判斷作者對美國教育持何種態(tài)度。選項分別為 favorable(贊許的)，negative(否定的)，tolerant(容忍的)，unfriendly(不友好的)。答案在第二段最后：“itis not fair tosay tha

33、t the educational system fails. it probably does succeed in making most people sociableand ready to help one another.”(說這種教育制度失敗是不公平的。它或許的確成功地使大部分人對人友善并樂于助人。)由此可見，作者對美國教育持贊賞態(tài)度。(4).the american educational system emphasizes _.（分數(shù)：3.00）a.material wealthb.competitionc.cooperation d.personal benefit解析：解

34、析 事實細節(jié)題。答案在文章第二段第二句：“so the emphasis is on cooperation.”，由此得知美國教育制度強調(diào)的是合作。(5).the word sociable most probably means _.（分數(shù)：3.00）a.fond of talking freelyb.friendly with other people c.concerned about social welfared.happy at school解析：解析 詞語理解題。sociable意為“好交際的，友善的”。由文章可知美國的教育強調(diào)合作，使人們變得友善，并樂于助人。因此b最符合題意。

35、五、passage 2(總題數(shù)：1，分數(shù)：15.00)while the cities of china have undergone modernization evident in the rising towers and brightlights that have awakened the sleeping country, the countryside remains largely the same.rectangular (長方形的) rows of rice fields litter the landscape separated by long lanes of wat

36、erdesigned to provide the constant supply of water that is vital to producing the crop. the experienceis not unlike driving through the american midwest, only rice not corn dominates the landscape.four years ago, when i last took this trip, the roads were dusted and telephone wires did not run paral

37、lel to the highway. bare roads hadbeen replaced by sleek, newly paved highways runningfrom shanghai to nanking, to my smaller home city, wuhu. unlike the changes i had heard of andexpected in shanghai, wuhu was much more of a surprise. the small city where i was born had grownup as i have.there are

38、large high-rise buildings, each ringed with smaller buildingsaround it,many of these apartment complexes. little seemed familiar and i wonder what my grandparents flatbuilt of brick and mortar(灰泥) had become.perhaps i shouldnt have been surprised to find out that their home had been demolished(拆除)an

39、d rebuilt as a six-story apartment complex as well. walking up to the second floor i saw mygrandfathers face peering out of the screen door. he began to smile as he saw me, and so didi. their home is now no different from a western apartment. equipped with the modern amenities(便利設(shè)施) of a gas stove,

40、a toilet, a showerthis was indeed different from four years ago.（分數(shù)：15.00）(1).according to the author, dramatic changes took place in _.（分數(shù)：3.00）a.cities but not countryside of china b.countryside but not in large citiesc.both cities and countryside of chinad.everywhere解析：解析 事實細節(jié)題。本題考查對第一段的理解，總的意思是雖

41、然大城市有巨大的變化，但是農(nóng)村還是老樣子。(2).it can be inferred from the second paragraph that _.（分數(shù)：3.00）a.peasants lead similar life all over the worldb.chinese irrigating system is more impressing than that in americac.peasants in midwest america raise more corns while chinese peasants raise more rice d.peasants in

42、midwest america raise more rice while chinese peasants raise more corns解析：解析 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句：“眼前的景象很容易讓人想起美國的中西部地區(qū)，只不過那里到處是玉米，這兒到處是大米?！笨芍绹形鞑康霓r(nóng)民種植玉米較多而中國農(nóng)民種植大米較多。(3).the author was traveling to wuhu _.（分數(shù)：3.00）a.in order to take a stop during the trip from shanghai to nankingb.in order to find some

43、 place similar to his hometownc.in order to visit his grandparents d.in order to find out changes in small cities解析：解析 推理判斷題。由第三段最后一句可推知：蕪湖是作者的家鄉(xiāng)，他回去是要看望自己的祖父母，故選 c。(4).the authors grandparents _.（分數(shù)：3.00）a.live in their house of brick and mortarb.live in an apartment similar to westerners c.led a t

44、otally westernized lifed.was poor as they always were解析：解析 事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)最后一段“their home is now no different from a western apartment.”，判斷出作者的祖父母住在與西方人住宅類似的房子里面，故選 b。(5).which of the following is the best title for this passage?（分數(shù)：3.00）a.flash back to china b.back with my grandparentsc.wuhu todayd.from s

45、hanghai to nanking解析：解析 主旨大意題。短文講述作者回到祖國的所聞所感。蕪湖、祖父母、旅途都只是短文涉及的一個方面，因此選項 a 最適合做標(biāo)題。六、passage 3(總題數(shù)：1，分數(shù)：15.00) the pleasures which a movie offers to our eyes have been paid for with the loss of sight of aman whose name is hardly known outside the annals of sciencejoseph plateau, a belgian professor,b

46、orn in brussels in 1801.he studied the mechanism of sight, beginning a series of most dangerous experiments at the ageof 28 by staring into the sun for 25 seconds to see what the effect on his eyes would be. he wasblind for nearly a month. but he went on experimenting, increasing the length of time

47、during whichhe looked into the sun, knowing that in the end this would cost him his sight. at the age of 42he was completely and incurably blind; the sunhad destroyed the retina (視網(wǎng)膜) of his eye. buthe continued to work as well as he could until he died at the age of 82.science profited enormously f

48、rom his research. he studied the so-called inertia of the eye (視覺暫留) which makes a picture remain on the retina for about one-sixth of a second after it hasdisappeared from our vision. this means that,if we see a succession ofindividual pictures eachof which appears only for a fraction of a second,

49、they overlap in our brain; and if they showconsecutive phases of movement, that movement will appear to us to be continuous.（分數(shù)：15.00）(1).plateaus experiments were the first step leading to the invention of _.（分數(shù)：3.00）a.eyeglassesb.telescopesc.bifocalsd.motion pictures 解析：解析事實細節(jié)題。題目詢問：“普拉托的實驗是引導(dǎo)_的發(fā)明

50、的早期步驟?！睆奈恼碌谝欢蔚谝痪湓挕皌he pleasures which a movie offers to our eyes have been paid for.”可知正確答案為d，motion pictures=movie意為“電影”。(2).the result of plateaus first experiment was that _.（分數(shù)：3.00）a.he went permanently blindb.he stopped staring into the sunc.he went blind for a month d.he found what he was loo

51、king for解析：解析事實細節(jié)題。題目詢問：“普拉托首個實驗的后果是_?！睆奈恼碌诙蔚诙湓挕癶ewas blind for nearly a month.”可知本題的正確答案是c。(3).a picture remains on the retina for _.（分數(shù)：3.00）a.6 secondsb.1 secondc.16 secondsd.1/6 of a second 解析：解析事實細節(jié)題。題目詢問：“一個圖像在視網(wǎng)膜上停留_?！睆奈恼碌谌蔚诙湓挕?apicture remain on the retina for about one-sixth of a second

52、.”可知本題的正確答案是d。(4).the images that we see are recorded in _.（分數(shù)：3.00）a.the brain b.the eyec.the retina of eyed.the pupil解析：解析事實細節(jié)題。題目詢問：“我們看見的圖像被記錄在_?！睆奈恼伦詈笠欢巫詈笠痪湓挕?they overlap in our brain.”可知它們被記錄在大腦里。(5).motion pictures _.（分數(shù)：3.00）a.cause inertia of the eyeb.show a succession of unrelated movemen

53、tc.show consecutive phases of movement which appear continuous d.show each phase of movement for one-half of a second 解析：解析推理判斷題。題日詢問：“電影是_?！睆奈恼伦詈笠欢巫詈笠痪湓捒芍?，如果圖像呈現(xiàn)快速連續(xù)的階段運動，則這種運動在我們看來就是連貫的。根據(jù)常識，我們平?？匆姷碾娪爱嬅娓杏X就是連續(xù)的，所以它展示的就是這種看似連續(xù)的不間斷的運動。故本題選c。七、passage 4(總題數(shù)：1，分數(shù)：15.00)although each baby has an individ

54、ual schedule of development, general patterns of growth havebeen observed. three periods of development have been identified (確定), including early infancy(幼兒期), which extends from the first to the sixth month; middle infancy,from the sixth to theninth month; and late infancy, from the ninth to the f

55、ifteenth month. whereas the newborn isconcerned with his or her inner world and reacts primarily to hunger and pain in early infancy,the baby is already aware of the surrounding world. during the second month, many infants areawake more and can raise their heads to look at things. they also begin to smile at people. byfour months, the baby is searching for things but not yet grasping them with its hands. it isalso beginning to be