有機(jī)類PVC熱穩(wěn)定劑的研究現(xiàn)狀翻譯

1、有機(jī)類pvc熱穩(wěn)定劑的研究現(xiàn)狀reserch progress of organic pvc thermal stabilizer 摘 要：熱穩(wěn)定劑是一類能防止或減少聚合物在加工使用過程中受熱而發(fā)生降解或交聯(lián)，延長復(fù)合材料使用壽命的添加劑。常用的pvc穩(wěn)定劑按照主要成分分類可分為鹽基類、脂肪酸皂類、有機(jī)錫化合物、復(fù)合型熱穩(wěn)定劑及純有機(jī)化合物類。本文著重對(duì)有機(jī)化合物類的pvc穩(wěn)定劑做了總結(jié)，得到了pvc在各種熱穩(wěn)定劑改性后的性能。并對(duì)其發(fā)展趨勢(shì)做了客觀的預(yù)測(cè)。 關(guān)鍵詞：p vc 熱穩(wěn)定劑 有機(jī)化合物 現(xiàn)狀 abstract: thermal stabilizers is a class of a

2、dditives to prevent or reduce polymers heat in the processing then to be degradation or cross-linking, to extend the life cycle of composite materials. commonly, pvc stabilizers can be divided into categories according to the main component of base classes, fatty acid soaps, organic tin compounds, c

3、omplex organic compounds in heat-stable agents and pure class. this article focuses on the class of pure organic compounds of pvc stabilizer, summarized the obtained pvc heat stabilizer in a variety of modified performance. and on objective forecasts to its development trend. key words: pvc thermal,

4、 stabilizer organic compound, status 前言聚氯乙烯（pvc）是世界通用的五大合成樹脂之一，其制品也是產(chǎn)量較大的一種通用塑料產(chǎn)品，因其具有自熄、阻燃、耐磨、強(qiáng)度較高、電絕緣性和化學(xué)穩(wěn)定性較好等優(yōu)點(diǎn)，且價(jià)格低廉，廣泛用于工、農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)的各個(gè)領(lǐng)域，目前產(chǎn)量僅次于聚乙烯，居世界第2位。pvc結(jié)構(gòu)中存在缺陷，而pvc是在高溫和高剪切條件下進(jìn)行加工的，容易脫去分子上的hci而導(dǎo)致聚合物降解，因其產(chǎn)品變色和制品機(jī)械性能等下降，影響其使用壽命1。因此，在pvc的加工過程中必須加入一定量的熱穩(wěn)定劑，與樹脂組成有協(xié)同作用的熱穩(wěn)定體系，將分解溫度提高到加工溫 度以上(一般為1802

5、00)。穩(wěn)定劑能在pvc加工及使用過程中抑制制品變色、性能變壞。穩(wěn)定劑可以通過取代不穩(wěn)定的氯原子，中和氯化氫，與不飽和部位發(fā)生反應(yīng)等方式抑制pvc的降解。熱穩(wěn)定劑的需求和產(chǎn)量隨pvc的需求和產(chǎn)量的增長而增長。由此可見，對(duì)熱穩(wěn)定劑的研究和生產(chǎn)將是一個(gè)熱門的方向1。 preface polyvinyl chloride (pvc) is the general five synthetic resin, one of its products are also yield a generic large plastic products, because of its from extinguis

6、h, flame retardant, wear-resisting, high strength, electrical insulation and chemical stability were as well as good, and the price cheap, widely used in industry, agriculture production each domain, the current production after polyethylene, the highest in the world second. pvc structure defects, a

7、nd pvc is in high temperature and high shear conditions of processing, easy to take off the hci and molecular, because of its degradation in polymer product change color and products such as mechanical properties fall, affecting the working life. therefore, in the process of pvc must be in a certain

8、 amount of heat stabilizers, and resin composition have synergy thermal stability of the system, will break temperature increase to processing temperature above 180 (usually 200 ). stability in pvc agent can use process and processing, and inhibit products discoloration, performance deteriorated. st

9、abilizers can be replaced by unstable chlorine atom, and hydrogen, and unsaturated parts such as reaction way the degradation of pvc inhibition. heat stabilizers demand and output of demand and production with pvc increases. this shows, on the heat stabilizers research and production will be a popul

10、ar direction. pvc熱穩(wěn)定機(jī)理 熱穩(wěn)定劑可以通過取代不穩(wěn)定的氯原子、中和氯化氫、與不飽和部位發(fā)生反應(yīng)等方式抑制pvc分子的降解。熱穩(wěn)定劑能幫助減少加工條件下的反作用，降解早期階段釋放出hci被吸收掉，以防止內(nèi)在自動(dòng)催化反應(yīng)的發(fā)生，與hci的中和反應(yīng)是大多數(shù)金屬有機(jī)絡(luò)合物的普遍特征，氯原子則取代金屬配位體而產(chǎn)生一種不易接觸反應(yīng)的物質(zhì)。理想的pvc熱穩(wěn)定劑應(yīng)是一種多功能物質(zhì)，或者是一些材料的混合物，它們能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)以下功能： pvc thermal stability mechanism heat stabilizers can be replaced by unstable chlor

11、ine atom, and hydrogen, and unsaturated parts such as reaction way the degradation of pvc molecules inhibition. heat stabilizers can help reduce processing conditions backlash, degradation early stage release hci be absorbed, in order to prevent the occurrence of inner automatic catalytic reaction,

12、and the neutralization reaction hci is most common characteristic of the metal organic complex, chlorine atom is replace metal ligand and create a not easy contact reaction of the material. the ideal pvc thermal stabilizer should is a multi-function material, or of some of the material is a mixture,

13、 they can achieve the following functions ( 1 )置換活潑、不穩(wěn)定的取代基，如連接在叔碳原子上的氯原子或烯丙基氯 ，生成穩(wěn)定的結(jié)構(gòu)； ( 2 )吸收并中和pvc 加工過程中放出的hci，消除hci的自動(dòng)催化降解作用； ( 3 )中和或鈍化對(duì)降解起催化作用的金屬離子及其它有害雜質(zhì)； ( 4 )通過多種形式的化學(xué)反應(yīng)可阻斷不飽和鍵的繼續(xù)增長，抑制降解著色；( 5 )對(duì)紫外光有防護(hù)屏蔽作用2。 (1) replacement lively, unstable replace base, such as connection on the carbon at

14、oms in uncle chlorine atom or allyl chloride, generate stable base structure; (2) absorption and pvc processing process and emit hci, eliminate hci automatic catalytic degradation function; (3) and passivation degradation or the catalysis of metal ions, and other harmful impurities, (4) through the

15、duozhong form of chemical reaction that can block unsaturated double bond continue to grow, restrain degradation coloring; (5) to uv light a protective shield effect. 有機(jī)類pvc熱穩(wěn)定劑 有機(jī)類熱穩(wěn)定劑由于不含有重金 屬，是目前很有發(fā)展前景的一類熱穩(wěn)定劑。它包括可以單獨(dú)使用的主熱穩(wěn)定劑(主要是含n的化合物) 和輔助穩(wěn)定劑3-5。輔助穩(wěn)定劑本身穩(wěn)定化作用很小或不具穩(wěn)定作用，但一經(jīng)與其它熱穩(wěn)定劑共用時(shí)，可以發(fā)揮良好的協(xié)同作用，它們對(duì)

16、無鎘、鉛穩(wěn)定劑技術(shù)進(jìn)步具有積極意義6。 organic kind of pvc thermal stabilizer organic kind of heat stabilizers because do not contain of, is the tone very promising kind of heat stabilizers. it includes can be used alone lord heat stabilizers (mainly including n compounds) and auxiliary stabilizer. auxiliary stabilize

17、rs itself or do not have a small role of stabilization stable effect, but once and other heat stabilizers share, can play good synergy, they to the no cadmium, lead stabilizers technology progress has the positive significance. 有機(jī)熱穩(wěn)定劑分類 環(huán)氧化合物類 主要有：環(huán)氧大豆油、環(huán)氧亞麻子油、環(huán)氧妥爾油脂、環(huán)氧硬脂酸丁酯、辛酯等，其中環(huán)氧大豆油是最常用的pvc輔助穩(wěn)定劑

18、，對(duì)bazn 、cazn穩(wěn)定劑有顯著的增效作用7。 egbuchunam t.0. 8等采用橡膠樹子油(rs0) 、環(huán)氧橡膠樹子油(erso)和zn皂進(jìn)行復(fù)配，并研究了復(fù)配體系對(duì)pvc熱穩(wěn)定性的影響。同時(shí)利用紅外(ir )、x射線衍射(xrd)和差熱掃描式量熱法(dsc)等研究了體系的晶體結(jié)構(gòu)、形態(tài)和熱穩(wěn)定性等。研究結(jié)果表明，含eso的zn皂很好阻止了pvc凝膠的初期脫hci。erso單獨(dú)使用降低了pvc的脫hci，同時(shí)和含有eso的zn皂具有較好的協(xié)同作用。亞磷酸酯類 包括亞磷酸三苯酯、亞磷酸三異辛酯、三壬基苯基亞磷酸酯等，亞磷酸(壬基、苯基) 酯通常用于美國食品和藥物管理局所批準(zhǔn)的那些非毒

19、性應(yīng)用中，亞磷酸脂與金屬皂有協(xié)同作用，可以提高耐熱性、透明性、耐候性、抑制著色性、抑制壓折結(jié)垢性。缺點(diǎn)是有水解性，不能用于與水接觸的pvc制品7。 多元醇類 主要有：季戊四醇、甘露醇、山梨醇等，多元醇的作用是通過螯合金屬氯化物來抑制劣化，此外多元醇還可在金屬鹽的催化作用下置換烯丙基氯7。 organic heat stabilizers classification epoxy compound class mainly has: epoxy soybean oil, epoxy flaxseed oil, grease, epoxy, completed epoxy stearic acid

20、, butyl acetate, essien ester etc, with epoxy soybean oil is the most commonly used pvc auxiliary stabilizer for ba, zn, ca / / zn stabilizer has significant synergistic effect. egbuchunam t. 0. the son (such as rubber oil rs0), epoxy rubber oil (erso) and son zn soap to get with it, and the complex

21、 systems with the influence of thermal stability of pvc. at the same time, infrared (ir) and x-ray diffraction (xrd) and differential thermal scanning calorimetry (dsc) of the system of the crystal structure, shape and thermal stability, etc. the results of the study show that, including the soap is

22、 very good eso zn to stop the pvc gel in the early stages of the take off hci. erso used alone reduce the pvc, at the same time and the take off hci containing the eso zn soap has good synergy. the phosphate ester including benzene ester, phosphite three phosphite three different essien ester, three

23、 i base benzene, phosphite had phosphate ester (i base, phenyl) ester normally used for the u.s. food and drug administration approved the application of the toxicity, phosphite with metal soap fat have synergy, can improve the heat resistance, transparency, and weather resistance, inhibit shading s

24、ex, inhibit crushing knot dirty sex. defect is to have sex, hydrolysis cannot be used in contact with water pvc products. duoyuan alcohol mainly has: pentaerythritol, mannitol, sorbitol, duoyuan alcohols role is through the chelating metal chloride to curb degradation, in addition duoyuan alcohol st

25、ill can be in metal salt under the catalysis of displacement allyl chloride base. hiro his o iked 9等研究了季戊四醇二磷酸酯與cazn皂作為pvc穩(wěn)定劑時(shí)的協(xié)同效應(yīng)。研究表明，季戊四醇二聚酯在pvc中顯示良好的分散性，穩(wěn)定效果比使用小分子的多元醇好。他們10還研究了以大分子的多羥基化合物聚乙烯醇( pva )作為第二穩(wěn)定劑與cazn皂的協(xié)同作用，發(fā)現(xiàn)pva在pvc中的分散程度與其穩(wěn)定效果密切相關(guān)。 hiro his o the iked the pentaerythritol two phosph

26、ate and ca/zn soap as pvc stabilizer of synergy effect. research shows that, pentaerythritol two polyester in pvc shows good dispersion, stable effect than using small molecules duoyuan alcohol. they also studied with macromolecules polyol polyvinyl alcohol (pva) as a second stabilizer and ca/zn soa

27、p as the coordination with pva, found in the dispersion degree of pvc is closely related with its stable effect. 許家友等11通過熒光發(fā)射光譜、紅外光譜和光電子能譜研究了季戊四醇與znst2和znci2的絡(luò)合作用，以及pvcznst2季戊四醇體系在170共混過程中的結(jié)構(gòu)變化。結(jié)果表明，季戊四醇與znst2和znci2， 形成絡(luò)合物，在加工過程中無游離的znci2生成，季戊四醇與znci2；形成的絡(luò)合物抑制了znci2對(duì)pvc 的催化降解，從而抑制了“鋅燒”。 蔣金博12等采用環(huán)己二醇

28、二縮水甘油醚作為輔助熱穩(wěn)定劑，與cazn穩(wěn)定劑復(fù)配，通過剛果紅熱穩(wěn)定測(cè)試，研究了它們相互間協(xié)同作用及機(jī)理。結(jié)果表明，環(huán)己二醇二縮水甘油醚與cazn復(fù)合穩(wěn)定劑有很好的協(xié)同作用 ，能有效地抑制cazn復(fù)合穩(wěn)定劑在使用中的“鋅燒”現(xiàn)象；其中ca：zn為3：1 時(shí)熱穩(wěn)定性最好，熱穩(wěn)定時(shí)間為38 min。 2008年l2月，郭愛花13等人首先通過剛果紅實(shí)驗(yàn)篩選本身具有較好熱穩(wěn)定性或具有協(xié)同熱穩(wěn)定作用的多元醇類化合物為先導(dǎo)物，再采用結(jié)構(gòu)修飾的方法，對(duì)選取的多元醇進(jìn)行酯化和醚化修飾，引入具有穩(wěn)定活性的環(huán)氧基團(tuán)和增加與pvc相溶性和分散性的酯基或醚鍵基團(tuán)，并且對(duì)這些結(jié)構(gòu)修飾物進(jìn)行穩(wěn)定性能的考察，得到了穩(wěn)定性和

29、應(yīng)用性能更優(yōu)的三甘醇二縮水甘油醚(2,2-( 2,5,8,11-四氧雜-l,1 2-十二烷二基) 雙環(huán)氧乙烷)、甘油三縮水甘油醚(1,2,3-tris(2,3-epoxypropoxy) propane)，其結(jié)構(gòu)式為和雙酚a二縮水甘油醚等多元醇衍生物，為有機(jī)熱穩(wěn)定劑的深入研究提供了參考。 通過實(shí)驗(yàn)篩選本身具有一定穩(wěn)定性或具有協(xié)同穩(wěn)定作用的多元醇類化合物為先導(dǎo)物，采用結(jié)構(gòu)修飾的方法，對(duì)選取的多元醇化合物中的羥基進(jìn)行酯化和醚化反應(yīng)，引入具有穩(wěn)定活性或增加與pvc相溶性和分散性的基團(tuán)，并通過剛果紅試紙法，對(duì)這些結(jié)構(gòu)修飾物進(jìn)行穩(wěn)定性能的考察，得到了穩(wěn)定性和應(yīng)用性能更優(yōu)的多元醇衍生物。二甘醇二縮水甘油醚

30、、三甘醇二縮水甘油醚、甘油三縮水甘油醚和雙酚a二縮水甘油醚等與季戊四醇熱穩(wěn)定性相當(dāng)或優(yōu)于季戊四醇的有機(jī)穩(wěn)定物。 xuguyou etc through the fluorescence emission spectrum, infrared spectrum and light electronic energy spectrum research the pentaerythritol with znst2 and znci2 complex function, as well as pvc/znst2 / pentaerythritol system in 170 blending pro

31、cess of structural change. the results show that pentaerythritol with znst2 and znci2, form complex, in the machining process of the formation, znci2 without free pentaerythritol with znci2; the complex znci2 inhibit the formation of catalytic degradation of pvc, thus inhibiting the burn zinc. the r

32、ing has jiangjinbo, glycol two glycidyl ether as the auxiliary heat stabilizers, and ca/zn stabilizers blends with red-hot stability test, through the congo, the synergy between them and the mechanism. the results show that, the ring has glycol two glycidyl ether and ca/zn composite stabilizer has v

33、ery good synergy, can effectively restrain ca/zn composite stabilizer in use of the zinc burning, phenomenon; one ca: zn 3:1 in thermal stability, best when the thermal stability of time for 38 min. 2008 years on l2, guo love flowers such as first people through the congo red experiment selection it

34、self has a good thermal stability or has cooperative heat-stable function of duoyuan alcohol compound for the pilot thing, and then using structure, the method of selection of modified the duoyuan alcohol for esterification and etherification decorate, introducing has the stable of epoxy groups and

35、increased activity and pvc xiangrongxing and dispersion, or ether ester key group, and the structure of the accessories, the investigation of the stable performance, get the stability and application performance better three glycol two glycidyl ether (2, 2-(2,5,8,11-four oxygen miscellaneous-l, 1 2-

36、(2) and 12 double epoxy ethane), glycerine three glycidyl ether (one, two, three-tris (2, 3-epoxypropoxy) propane), its structured for and bisphenol a second glycidyl ether etc duoyuan alcohol derivatives, for organic heat stabilizers research provides reference. through the experiment selection its

37、elf has certain stability has cooperative or stabilizing duoyuan alcohol compound for the pilot thing, the structure of the modification methods, to the selection duoyuan alcohol hydroxyl compound for esterification and etherification reaction, introducing has the stable or increase the activity and

38、 pvc xiangrongxing and dispersion, and through the congo red groups dipstick methods, the structure of the accessories, the investigation of the stable performance, get the stability and application performance better duoyuan alcohol derivatives. really diethylene glycol two glycidyl ether, three gl

39、ycol two glycidyl ether, glycerine three glycidyl ether and bisphenol a second glycidyl ether with pentaerythritol thermal stability quite or better than the pentaerythritol organic stable content. 含氮輔助類(-氨基巴豆酸酯、-苯基吲哚和二苯基硫脲) nitrogen auxiliary class (beta amino acid esters, badou alpha phenyl indole

40、 and erbenji thiourea)曾作為無毒主體穩(wěn)定劑使用，但其耐高溫性、長期耐熱性、耐光性較差，目前已很少使用。-苯基吲哚與cazn等穩(wěn)定劑復(fù)合使用；-氨基巴豆酸酯多半與cazn配合使用。由于其易早期著色，所以在其他地方用的很少；二苯基硫脲曾在歐洲幾個(gè)國家被用于食品衛(wèi)生級(jí)pvc，但現(xiàn)在使用較少7。 1998年12月，金陵石油化工公司化工一廠的陳平軒以順丁烯二酸酐和苯胺為原料，選擇二步法合成了n-苯基馬來酰亞胺，試驗(yàn)表明n-苯基馬來酰亞胺是pvc塑料有效的熱穩(wěn)定劑，與月桂酸二丁基錫類熱穩(wěn)定劑有很好的協(xié)同效應(yīng)14。 2000年，美國科聚亞公司(德國熊牌公司近日收購其有機(jī)熱穩(wěn)定劑產(chǎn)品業(yè)務(wù)

41、) 最初設(shè)計(jì)用于pvc硬制品加工方面的有機(jī)穩(wěn)定劑，可以從有機(jī)堿類化合物( 如氨基尿嘧啶、二氫吡啶、五節(jié)環(huán)1,3,4-惡二唑衍生物等)中提取 ，這類物質(zhì)具有價(jià)格競(jìng)爭性，同時(shí)在性能上有優(yōu)勢(shì)，有低遷移性、低氣味、良好前期色相、極佳的透明性。有機(jī)穩(wěn)定劑由于抑制了分子鏈交聯(lián)，在加工pvc制品時(shí)，在高溫和高剪切作用下的加工時(shí)間明顯優(yōu)于鉛類和鈣 鋅皂類穩(wěn)定劑體系，國內(nèi)已有多家企業(yè)投入了大量的人、財(cái)、物 ，取得了一定的成績15。 was used as a non-toxic subject stabilizers use, but their resistance to high temperature s

42、ex, long-term heat resistance, resistance to light the gender is poorer, has rarely used. alpha phenyl indole and ca/zn and stabilizer composite use; beta badou amino acid esters and ca/zn most used together. because it tends to be early coloring, so in other place with a few; erbenji thiourea worke

43、d in several european countries are used to the food sanitation pvc, but use less now. in december 1998, jinling petrochemical company chemical factory chenpingxuan of maleic anhydride and aniline as raw materials, to choose two footwork synthesized n-phenyl malay imide), test indicated that n-pheny

44、l malay imide) is pvc plastic effective heat stabilizers, and bay acid two of butyltin compounds heat stabilizers have very good synergy effect. in 2000, american families get together and company (germany bear recently acquired its brand organic heat stabilizers product business) originally designe

45、d for pvc hard products processing of organic stabilizer, can from the organic compounds alkali (such as amino uracil, two hydrogen pyridine ring, five section 1, 3-oxadiazoles derivatives), this kind of substance extracted with competitive prices, and the performance advantage, have low transferenc

46、e, low smell, the good hue, preferably transparency. organic stabilizers due to inhibit the molecular chain crosslinking, pvc products in machining, high temperature and high shear function in the processing time obviously better than the lead class and calcium/zinc soap class stabilizer system, dom

47、estic enterprises have invested a lot of human, financial, material, has obtained some achievements. 2000年，吳茂英研究了n (取代苯基) 馬來酰亞胺( n-rpmi) 對(duì)pvc的熱穩(wěn)定作用。n-prmi具有類似于馬來酸(酯)有機(jī)錫的熱穩(wěn)定特性，能較好地抑制初期著色且不存在突然變黑現(xiàn)象。n-rpmi既可大部分代替bast2 - cdst2復(fù)合物中的cdst2，而不降低熱穩(wěn)定性，又可少量代替cdst2-znst2，復(fù)合物中的cdst2以明顯提高熱穩(wěn)定效能。復(fù)合n-rpmi- bast2-cds

48、t2的熱穩(wěn)定性隨n-rpmi中取代基的拉電子效應(yīng) (用取代基常數(shù)d表示)的增強(qiáng)而提高，而n-rpmi-cdst2-znst2的熱穩(wěn)定性基本上不受n-rpmi中取代基的影響16。 2004年，吳茂英研究了n-環(huán)己基馬來酰亞胺(n-chmi)對(duì)pvc的熱穩(wěn)定作用。n-chmi具有類似于c-102，的中旬型熱穩(wěn)定特性。根據(jù)n- chmi的分子結(jié)構(gòu)特征分析，n-chmi之所以具有一定的抑制pvc初期著色的能力，可能是由于它類似于馬來酸(酯)有機(jī)錫，作為親雙烯試劑，可與pvc鏈上的共軛多烯鏈發(fā)生diels-alder加成反應(yīng)而阻斷其增長。因n-chmi不產(chǎn)生對(duì)pvc熱降解有催化作用的轉(zhuǎn)化產(chǎn)物，故不會(huì)pv

49、c產(chǎn)生突然變黑現(xiàn)象，但又由于缺乏吸收hci的能力，所以長期熱穩(wěn)定效能不如c-102。n-chmi具有與ba、ca、cd、zn皂不同的熱穩(wěn)定功能，其并用可能具有協(xié)同效應(yīng)。 n- chmibast2cdst2并用。bast2、cdst2與n-chmi并用均存在協(xié)同效應(yīng)：bast2與n-chmi并用，抑制初期著色效能得到提高；cdst2與n-chmi并用，長期熱穩(wěn)定性得以改進(jìn)。n-chmi與復(fù)合bast2cdst2存在協(xié)同效應(yīng)，替代比約5時(shí)并用效果最佳，替代比可高至約50而不導(dǎo)致熱穩(wěn)定效能下降。這一結(jié)果表明，可以通過并用n-chmi以降低復(fù)合bacd熱穩(wěn)定劑中ba、cd的比例，從而達(dá)到減輕pvc工業(yè)

50、重金屬毒害和污染的目的。n-chmicast2znst2并用。cast2與n-chmi并用存在較明顯的協(xié)同效應(yīng)(所穩(wěn)定pvc試片在整個(gè)受熱過程的著色均較兩者單獨(dú)穩(wěn)定者輕)；而與znst2并用，n-chmi的效果明顯不如cast2。據(jù)此推測(cè)可以n-chmi部分替代復(fù)合cast2znst2中cast2，以改進(jìn)其熱穩(wěn)定效能，用n-chmi部分替代復(fù)合cast2znst2中cast2，可在非常寬的替代比范圍內(nèi)改進(jìn)其抑制pvc初期著色的效能。 結(jié)果表明，n-chmi具有中間型熱穩(wěn)定劑的熱穩(wěn)定作用特性，能在一定程度上抑制pvc初期著色，與復(fù)合bacd和cazn皂均存在協(xié)同效應(yīng)17。 in 2000, wu

51、maoying research n (phenyl) instead of the malay imide) (n-rpmi) on pvc thermal stability of the role. n-prmi are similar with the malay acid (ester) organic tin thermal stability of the characteristic, can better inhibition colouring and early does not exist suddenly become black phenomenon. n-rpmi

52、 as can be most bast2-the cdst2 complex instead of cdst2, not lower the heat stability, and small cdst2-znst2, instead of the complex cdst2 obviously improve the efficiency in the thermal stability. composite n-rpmi-bast2-cdst2 thermal stability with n-rpmi replace the pull electronic effects (with

53、the constant d said) to replace the enhance and improve, and n-rpmi-cdst2-znst2 thermal stability basically from n-rpmi replaced the influence of the yankees in. in 2004, wumaoying research the n-ring has the malay imide) (n-chmi) on pvc thermal stability of the role. n-chmi are similar with c-102,

54、in the middle of the thermal stability of properties. according to n-chmi the molecular structure characteristics of analysis, n-chmi that have certain inhibit the ability of pvc initial period coloration, probably because it is similar to the malay acid (ester) of organic tin, as a double agent, ca

55、n kiss fullerenes and pvc chain conjugated fullerenes diels happened more than chain-alder addition reaction and block the growth. for n-chmi does not produce pvc thermal degradation to have a catalytic effect, so the conversion of the products will not suddenly become black produced pvc phenomenon,

56、 but also because of the lack of the ability of absorbing hci, so long as the thermal stability of c-102. performance n-chmi has and ba, ca, cds, zn soap different thermal stability of the function, its and may have a synergy effect. n-chmi/bast2 / cdst2 and. bast2, cdst2 and n-chmi and there are sy

57、nergies: bast2 and n-chmi, restrain the initial period coloration and improve efficiency; cdst2 and n-chmi and thermal stability, long to improve. n-chmi and compound bast2 / cdst2 there existed synergetic effects, alternative is about 5% and the best effect when, alternative can be higher than to a

58、bout 50% do not cause heat-stable potency decline. the results show that, by using n-chmi to reduce composite ba/cd heat stabilizers, the proportion of ba in cd, in order to reduce pvc industry heavy metal poisoning and the purpose of the pollution. n-chmi/cast2 / znst2 and. cast2 and n-chmi and there are obvious synergy (pvc specimens, the stable in the whole process of heated color than both light); the stable alone and with znst2 and, n-chmi effect obvious not equal to cast2. to infer can n-chmi partly replace composite cas