[語言類考試復(fù)習(xí)資料大全]Conflict and Compromise(3)

1、書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟。祝愿天下莘莘學(xué)子：學(xué)業(yè)有成，金榜題名！語言類考試復(fù)習(xí)資料大全Conflict and Compromise(3)Conflict and Compromise(3)Part TwoGrammar and Vocabulary Choose one word or phrase that best completes each sentence. 問題:1. The meeting will also be _ by telephone in listen-only mode.A.accessibleB.attainableC.obtainableD.achiev

2、able答案:A問題:2. If the city starts a control on petrol supply for private cars, it will have to _ public transport, as it does not have enough spare capacity.A.allocateB.dispenseC.apportionD.ration答案:D問題:3. The heavy shelling across the border has _ fears that Syrias civil war will escalate and draw i

3、n NATO member Turkey as a rebel supporter.A.strokedB.struckC.stokedD.stuck答案:C問題:4. The purpose of these bases can be _ to provide a nuclear strike capability against the western hemisphere.A.not more thanB.rather thanC.none other thanD.other than答案:C問題:5. The participation of these countries also c

4、reates likely export markets and could freeze _ potential foreign competition.A.awayB.upC.outD.over答案:C問題:6. Oil production has been essentially _ since 2005, and we have only another couple of years at this same sort of level of production before the demand for oil will _ supply.A.flat, outstripB.l

5、evel, capC.equal, towerD.even, shadow答案:A問題:7. The ecological footprint of human activity was 50 percent higher than the capacity of the Earths land and oceans in 2008, the most recent year _ figures are available.A.in whichB.of whichC.for whichD.about which答案:C問題:8. The global recession and recover

6、y may _ more light on both the role of source country conditions and the impact of remittances on the destination country.A.showB.shedC.radiateD.scatter答案:B問題:9. If you plan to change your life _, start doing things that produce results and doing something today.A.to the betterB.for the betterC.to a

7、 turnD.at every turn答案:B問題:10. Small sailboats are more _ tipping over especially when they have enormous sails.A.inclined toB.prone toC.accountable toD.apt of答案:B問題:11. A panel of top Spanish-language publishing executives will talk about why ebooks have been slower to _ in Spanish.A.take heartB.ma

8、ke overC.take holdD.make book答案:C問題:12. The Big 3 stated that their demise would trigger 3 million layoffs within a year, _ the economy further into recession.A.plungingB.falteringC.immersingD.dipping答案:A問題:13. Most of the earliest _ to America came from Europe.A.pilgrimsB.emigrantsC.immigrantsD.inh

9、abitants答案:C問題:14. Everything that he says is false, _?A.isnt itB.isnt heC.doesnt heD.doesnt it答案:A問題:15. Language belongs to each member of the society, to the cleaner _ to the professor.A.as far asB.the same asC.as much asD.as long as答案:C問題:16. What tax provision do we need to make _ transferring

10、ownership of the company?A.toB.withC.asD.for答案:D問題:17. Which of the italicized parts functions as a subject?A.We never doubt that her brother is honest.B.The problem is not who will go but who will stay.C.You must give it back to whoever it belongs to.D.It is clear that the crime was done deliberate

11、ly.答案:D問題:18. She offered me a ring in exchange but it wasnt worth a _ cent.A.blackB.goldC.redD.green答案:C問題:19. Our startup company has been in the _ these past few months and is showing promise.A.yellowB.greenC.redD.black答案:D問題:20. The theater has broken attendance records for three years in a _.A.

12、rawB.tollC.fileD.row答案:DReading Comprehension In this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer. Five years ago, Congress and President Bush made the most con

13、sequential and, as now seems more likely than not, unfortunate decision of this countrys still young century. On October 16, 2002, Bush signed a resolution authorizing the US invasion of Iraq. Should war supporters apologize? Democrats certainly think so. In the five years since then, many of them h

14、ave said I told you somany more, in fact, than told us so. In a recent paper, Gary C. Jacobson, a political scientist at the University of California (San Diego), unearthed figure suggesting that some Democrats have edited their memories. Before the US invasion of Iraq, 46 percent of them favored th

15、e war, according to an average of a dozen surveys. In 2006, only 21 percent of them said they had favored the war. Hmm. Do the math. Those 25 percent of Democrats who were for the war until they had always been against it were probably not dissembling. They were just being human. Memory is a self-ju

16、stifying historian, says Carol Tavris, a social psychologist and a co-author (with Elliot Aronson) of the recent book Mistakes Were Made (but not by me): Why We Justify Foolish Beliefs, Bad Decisions, and Hurtful Acts. Our memories are a better indication of what we believe and how we see ourselves

17、today than of what actually happened. I believe her, because I was not above a little memory repair myself Recently, after a book review of mine appeared in The Washington Post, an angry reader wrote, It will come as no surprise that Rauch was an advocate of invading Iraq. Who, me? I recalled myself

18、 as an agonized fence-sitter, more anti-anti-war than pro-war (an important distinction, you understand), maybe marginally in favor but more worried than convinced. Just double-checking, I reread my columns from the period and promptly found one, from February 2004, in which I described myself as an

19、, er, advocate of the war. Gee. Imagine that. So let me say for the record: I was wrong. Like most Americans, I have long since come to believe that the Iraq war was a strategic mistakewith luck. (Without luck, it will be a strategic calamity.) But let me also say what I was wrong about. In that Feb

20、ruary 2004 article, I called the war a justified mistake. When a cop shoots a robber who has murdered in the past and who brandishes what looks like a gun, we blame the robber, not the copeven if it turns out that the robber was brandishing a toy or a cellphone. The robber was asking for it, and so

21、was Saddam Hussein. That answer, although still reasonable, no longer seems as convincing. Since 2004, it has become clearer that the Bush administrations prewar hype portrayed the intelligence on Saddams alleged weapons of mass destruction as solider and starker than it really was. Not enough peopl

22、e, including people in the media, asked enough hard questions. I should have been more skeptical of the WMD hard sell. That was mistake No. 1. Mistake No. 2 was forgetting the difference between experts and poseurs. Over the past few years, it has become clearer that the hazards of the US occupation

23、 of Iraq were not unforeseeable. In fact, quite a few people foresaw them. And warned about them. And went unheeded. Partly that was because the Bush administration wasnt interested, but partly it was because a lot of us in the media gave a lot of ink and airtime to pontificators who had never been

24、to Iraq, who had never fought in a war or served in an embassy or worked on a reconstruction team, and who did not know Iraqs language, culture, people, leaders, history, or region. Other than that, they were experts. In 2002 and 2003, of course, there was no way of knowing which of countless foreca

25、sts and opinions would prove correct. The experts were divided; sometimes fresh-eyed amateurs see what jaded experts miss; the previous US Iraq policy was no big success. All true. Still, the fact that so many of the wars sturdiest proponents were journalists and punditsin other words, hacks, like m

26、eshould have rung more alarm bells. That was mistake No. 2. Those, however, were small mistakes compared with the fundamental one. It was not really a mistake about the war at all. It was a mistake about the president. Fool me twice, shame on me. In 1990, I was fooled once. In the prelude to the Per

27、sian Gulf War, I misjudged President George H.W. Bush. In those days, Americas most resounding recent military triumphs had been against the Lilliputian forces of Panama and Grenada, against which weighed the 1975 defeat in Vietnam, the 1980 fiasco of Desert One (President Carters failed hostage-res

28、cue attempt in Iran), and the 1983 humiliation in Lebanon (where US forces turned tail after losing more than 200 marines to a Hezbollah truck bomb). Saddam Husseins forces looked formidable and well entrenched in 1990. The sandstorms looked forbidding. And President George H.W. Bush looked hapless.

29、 I opposed the war. As I came to the 2002-2003 Iraq debate, I was determined not to make the same mistake twice. Another Bush was president, and the younger one looked as decisive as his father had once seemed dotty. This, after all, was the George W. Bush who had impressively rallied the nation and

30、 the world after September 11. His foreign-policy team looked easily the equal of his fathers, or anybodys. Vice President Cheney was the wise man of Washington and the elder Bushs successful Defense secretary. Secretary of State Colin Powell was the magisterial architect of the Gulf War. Defense Se

31、cretary Donald Rumsfeld was the man whose plan had worked like a charm in Afghanistan. If Condoleezza Rice, the national security adviser, was not the equal of her 1990 predecessor, Brent Scowcroft, she was no lightweight. Surely if any war Cabinet could inspire confidence, this was it. Wrong again.

32、 Zero for two. 1. Which of the following is true about Democrats?A.About 25% of them had warned the Bush of the war consequences.B.About 46% of them had voted for the war against Iraq.C.About 21% of them denied they had favored the war.D.Most of them had been in favor of the war against Iraq.答案:B2.

33、In spite of the Washington Post readers comments, the authors position concerning Iraq war was that he _ it.A.was not againstB.was againstC.supportedD.was indifferent about答案:A3. The author points out that the second mistake was made by _.A.experts who did not have adequate information about IraqB.t

34、he journalists who were among the sturdiest proponents of warC.the media which took poseurs for experts and gave them too much airtimeD.the government which was not interested in different voices答案:C4. Many Americans could have doubted the elder Bush government before the Gulf War because _.A.Americ

35、an troops had beaten Lilliputian forcesB.America had been defeated in Vietnam and IranC.American forces had won victory in LebanonD.The sandstorms looked forbidding答案:B5. The G.W. Bushs government is linked to the elder Bushs in many ways EXCEPT that _.A.defense Secretary Rumsfeld was involved in pl

36、anning the war in AfghanistanB.vice President Cheney was the successful Defense secretaryC.secretary of State Powell was involved in planning the Gulf WarD.brent Scowcroft was the national security adviser答案:D India is affected by the global financial crisis, says Stuart Fraser, the chairman of the

37、policy committee of the City of London Corporation. But there is restrained optimism for the longer term. Emerging economies such as Indias are modernising very fast. Cities are growing and millions of people are becoming more prosperous. Infrastructure projects, backed by government funding, now ho

38、ld some of the greatest appeal. Investors have also been cheered by a relaxation of some of the complicated rules governing foreign investment. This could open up prized sectors such as retail and airlines. But opportunities in heavily regulated financial and professional service sectors, including

39、law and accounting, remain meager. We welcome a little easing of regulation. But we dont expect any large steps, says Mr Fraser. The company behind one of the largest foreign investments in India is bullish about the economys prospects. Vodafone bought a controlling stake in Hutchison Essar, a mobil

40、e operator, for 5.7bn in 2007. India seems to be a bit more sheltered than other markets, says Vittorio Colao, Vodafone chief executive. In the financial sector the contagion has not arrived. There is probably some slowdown in the business process outsourcing business, but not a massive one. India h

41、as faced challenges on other fronts. A terror attack struck at the heart of Mumbai, the countrys financial capital, in November. One of the leading IT outsourcing companies, Satyam, revealed a massive fraud earlier this year. But these events have not made multinational companies less convinced abou

42、t Indias potential. The Satyam allegations have raised inevitable questions about corporate governance but do not appear to be representative of the sophisticated and mature business environment in which major corporates operate in India today, says Guy Douglas, a Delhi-based executive with BAE Syst

43、ems, the defence contractor. In the past, investors have viewed emerging markets mostly as low-cost production bases, but in todays tough economic environment countries such as Vietnamwhich has a population of about 85mare coming to be seen as potential consumer markets, writes Tim Johnston. There a

44、re going to be two main value drivers in the current market: cost of productionVietnam is increasingly on the radar for outsourcing, such as relocating factories from elsewhere in Asiaand for multinationals looking for a growth market, says Warrick Cleine, managing partner in Vietnam for KPMG, the p

45、rofessional services group. Few of Asias export-dependent emerging economies have fared well as the downturn strangles demand in their most important markets, but Vietnam has come out fighting. It has stressed its low-cost production base, well-educated workforce and political stability. There is an

46、ecdotal evidence that manufacturers are moving facilities to Vietnam from other parts of Asia: they say it is cheaper than China, more productive than some of its regional competitors, further down the development curve, and seemingly stable within the political boundaries set by the government. The

47、 authorities have worked hard to erase the impression of being the wild eastern frontier of capitalism. Regulations have been streamlined; there has been a crackdown on corruption; infrastructure has improvedto a certain extentand legal protection for investors is tighter. 6. The optimism of Stuart

48、Fraser about Indias economy comes from the following EXCEPT _.A.fast modernizingB.optimistic prospects in professional serviceC.development in infrastructureD.easier rules and policy for investment答案:B7. The word sheltered in Paragraph 5 probably means that Indias market is _.A.protected by the gove

49、rnmentB.immature and with many obstaclesC.backward and not freeD.reliant on other countries答案:A8. India is different from previous emerging economies in that it is _.A.poor in corporate governance with massive fraudB.considered as one of the low-cost production basesC.a potential consumer marketD.of

50、 a huge population答案:C9. Vietnam is able to fare well in the financial crisis because of the following EXCEPT _.A.a growing marketB.production costC.political stabilityD.professional service groups答案:D10. The phrase the wild eastern frontier may imply that _.A.the country is wild without much infras

51、tructure for productionB.the country becomes the colonies of capitalists in the eastC.there are not sufficient laws and regulations just like the Wild WestD.investors tend to regard the country as a dangerous place答案:C Few journalists or journalism scholars today would hazard calling upon the princi

52、ple or ideal of objectivity. On the contrary, the majority rejects or denounces the concept in almost total unanimity. Aside from the fact that was shown in my article of 1991, the arguments against it do not hold water. Be they epistemological, ontological, psychological, pragmatic, or ethical, one

53、 of the most puzzling aspects of this rejection of objectivity in journalism is that it seems to be taken both as an established fact and as a matter still requiring careful, if not to say obsessive, attention. If objectivity is really a myth and if it has been clearly demonstrated as such, why do s

54、cholars not move on rather than continue to cry out against the notion as if it still presented some danger despite its non-existence? Of late, the general attitude towards objectivity bears similarities to the attitude of those who denounce religion with a zeal that is essentially religious in natu

55、re. Another defining trait of modern criticism of objectivity is its lack of intellectual rigor. Much of the time, the notion is criticized but not defined. The idea that is rejected is not a clear, easily identified notion, but rather a vague intuition: the object under attack never precisely defin

56、ed. Certainly, objectivity has different meanings according to differences of time or place, but this is all the more reason for those who wish to reject the notion to give at least a minimal definition of it. Without a definition, criticism of objectivity in journalism is characterized at best by s

57、lovenly intellectual practices, at worst by total lack of method. In the present paper, I confront the clich that objectivity in journalism is useless, illusory, or artificial. My ultimate goal is to defend this much beleaguered concept, for I hold that the end of objectivity in journalism would spell the end of journalism itself. This paper explicitly advocates maintaining objectivity in journalism, but its def