主謂一致詳解超詳細(xì)資料

1、1、形式一致主語是復(fù)數(shù)，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式 主語是單數(shù)，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式2、語意一致謂語動詞用單數(shù)的清況1）當(dāng)名詞詞組中心詞為表示金錢、時間、度量、距離、價格等復(fù)數(shù)名詞時，把這些復(fù)數(shù)名 詞看作一個整體。謂語動詞采用單數(shù)形式。Twenty-five dollars is too much to pay for that shirt Fifty minutes isn t enough to finish this testTen miles seems like a long walk to me 2以-s”結(jié)尾的書刊名、國名、組織名、游戲名、運(yùn)動名，謂語動詞用單數(shù)以 -ics 結(jié)尾的名詞指一

2、門學(xué)科時，常用單數(shù)謂語動詞形式。當(dāng)這些名詞表示實際內(nèi)容時， 謂語動詞則用復(fù)數(shù)形式。這類單詞有：economics 經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)physics 物理學(xué) mathematics 數(shù)學(xué)electronics 電子學(xué) politics 政治學(xué) statistics 統(tǒng)計學(xué)Roots was a novel about a slave family His politics were a matter of great concern to his friend Politics is his favorite subject Statistics show that approximately 40 per

3、cent of all marriages in the US end in divorce Statistics is a subject that is difficult to learn 3）有些表示某類別的總稱的集合名詞，女口： machinery（機(jī)械），clothing（衣服），luggage（行李）,furniture（家具），equipment（設(shè)備），jewelry（珠寶）等作主語時，謂語動詞常用單數(shù)。如：My luggage was sent by air The equipment of our factory is all imported from Britain

4、4）不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞和從句作主語，謂語動詞通常用單數(shù)：Playing with fire is dangerous 注意： 若用 and 連接兩個動名詞、不定式短語或主語從句，表示兩個不同的概念，則謂 語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。若表示同一概念，則謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式Early to rise and early to bed is a good habit When and where the building will be built hasnt been decided主語從句要根據(jù)從句表達(dá)的意思而定What she said is correctWhat he gave me are five

5、English books 謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)的情況1）由 and 或 both.and.連接兩個單數(shù)名詞作主語時，指的是復(fù)數(shù)概念，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形 式（不可數(shù)名詞同樣 ）。如：Fire and water do not agree注意 如果 and 連接的兩個詞是指同一個人、 同一事物或同一概念， 則兩個名詞共用一個 冠詞，謂語動詞必須用單數(shù)。The teacher and writer is her friend 2） 有些集合名詞.如：cattle, folk , people, police, poultry（家禽）等作主語，總是跟復(fù)數(shù)動 詞形式。The people hope to li

6、ve a happy life .The police have caught the criminal .Cattle feed on grass.3）表示成雙成套的名詞,如：trousers, shoes, glasses, compasses 等作主語時,謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。His black trousers are too long .他的黑褲子太長。Your glasses are on your nose.4） 表示群島、瀑布、山脈等以-s ”結(jié)尾的專有名詞作主語時，謂語動詞往往用復(fù)數(shù)。The Philippines are in the Pacific Ocean .Rocky M

7、ountains stand in the west of North America .5）名詞 clothes，works（作著作講），goods， contents，the Olympic Games 的謂語動詞律律 用復(fù)數(shù)。如：Clothes keep people warm .His works have been translated into several foreign languages .注意：若表示 一套衣服”可用a suit of clothes。clothes不可與不定冠詞 a或數(shù)詞連用。 若表示 “一部作品 ”用 a work, “兩部作品 ”用 two work

8、s 。謂語動詞單復(fù)數(shù)由名詞前面的 詞或詞 組決定的1）由 “ some of plenty of， a lot of， lots of，most of，the rest of， all of，half of，part of， theremainder of或分?jǐn)?shù)、百分?jǐn)?shù)+of+名詞等短語作主語時，謂語動詞常與of后的名詞保持?jǐn)?shù)的一致。The rest of the lecture is dull .Half of the apple is rotten .這個蘋果的一半腐爛變質(zhì)了。Half of the即ples are rotten .這些蘋果有一半腐爛變質(zhì)了。About one third

9、 of the books are worth reading. 大約三分之一的書值得一讀。Over 30 of the students were absent from the meeting .2）由 “ a kind o，this kind of， ma ny kin ds of 和名詞 +of this kind 等，“以及由與 kind 意義相 似的 type， sort， form ， part， piece， section 等構(gòu)成的類似短語作主語時，謂語動詞與 of 前 的名詞保持?jǐn)?shù)的一致。如：A kind of birds has been discovered by th

10、em .Parts of the book are very instructive .This kind of apples is expensive.Apples of this kind are expensive.3）more復(fù)數(shù)名詞+than one結(jié)構(gòu)謂語常用復(fù)數(shù)。More members than one have protested against the plan.4) 不定代詞 “ eac，h one， no one， some(any，no， every)+body(one 或 thing) 在”句中作主語或 作限定詞時，謂語動詞一律用單數(shù)形式Each boy gets

11、a prizeSomeone wants to buy the houseEach of the books costs five Yuan.注意： each， all，both 用作同位語時，謂語動詞仍應(yīng)與主語保持一致We each have an English-Chinese dictionary 由 and 連接的兩個或三個單數(shù)主語前如果有every ，each，no，many a 修飾時，謂語動詞要用單數(shù)形式。Each teacher and (each) student was given a bookEvery hour and (every) minute is importa

12、ntMany a teacher and many a student enjoys the book very much many a./ more than one+ 名詞作主語時 , 謂語動詞仍采取單數(shù)形式Many a man thinks life is meaningless without purpose one and a half+ 復(fù)數(shù)名詞 ”作主語時，其謂語要用單數(shù)形式One and a half bananas is left on the table 3、就近原則or， either.or.， neither.nor.， not only.but(also). 等連接的

13、并列成分作主語時，根據(jù)就近 一致的原則處理。 離謂語動詞近的主語部分是單數(shù)， 就用單數(shù)； 離謂語動詞近的主語是復(fù)數(shù)， 謂語動詞就用復(fù)數(shù)。如：Either the teacher or the students are to blameNot only the students but also their teacher doesn t know about itNeither you nor I know how to do it 4、主謂一致的特殊情況1)population 表示 “人口”，一個國家或地區(qū)的居民數(shù)目，它作主語時謂語動詞要用單數(shù)形式。當(dāng)它前面有分?jǐn)?shù)或百分?jǐn)?shù)時， popula

14、tion 是指一個國家或地區(qū)的全體居民， 謂語動詞用復(fù) 數(shù)形式。The population of Canada is about 29 million About eighty percent of the population of this country are peasants 2) 集合名詞作主語，如果表示整體概念，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式；如表示成員則用復(fù)數(shù)。常 見的這部分名詞有：army ， audience， class， club ， committee ， company ， crowd ， family ，group， government ， organization ，

15、party， team 等。Our football team is playing well.Our football team are having baths and are then coming back here for supper.3) a number of / a variety of / varieties of+ 可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)；“ the majority of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞” 作主 語時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式the number of( 表數(shù)目 )和 the variety of( 表種類 )等+可數(shù)名詞 作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。A number of new house

16、s have been built there There are a variety of goods on sale in the shop The number of the people who know the secret is very limited The variety of goods on sale in the shop is surprising 4) “ a large amount of不可數(shù)名詞作主語，謂語用單數(shù)“ largemaounts of+ 不可數(shù)名詞 ”作主語，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)“ a large quantity of環(huán)可數(shù)名詞作主語，謂語用單數(shù)“ a l

17、arge quantity of復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語，謂語常用復(fù)數(shù)large qua ntities of不可數(shù)名詞/復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)“ a good great deal of+ 不可數(shù)名詞 ”作主語，謂語用單數(shù)A large amount of clean water is wasted every day Vast amounts of money are being invested in the local market Large quantities of beer are consumed in the city every year A large quantity of

18、 money was spent on the bridge “a total of復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語與復(fù)數(shù)動詞連用，意思是 總共有”“the total of復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語與單數(shù)動詞連用，意思是 “的總數(shù)”4) 單復(fù)數(shù)同形的名詞作主語， 要根據(jù)上下文的意義以及修飾這些詞的詞來確定其謂語形式。 常見的這部分名詞有 aircraft， crossroads， deer， fish， headquarters。 means， series， sheep， species， works 等。如：The crossroads is/are dangerousEvery means has been tri

19、edAll possible means have been tried A steel works has just been built there 5) 當(dāng)主語后面跟有 with ， together with ， along with ， accompanied by， like ， in addition to ， as well as， as much as， more than， rather than， no less than， except， but， besides， including 等連接的詞組時，其謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)不受這些詞語的影響。如：The rock singer， along with his bodyguard ， was rushed away from the theaterMr. Robbins ， accompanied by his wife and children ， is arriving tonight No one but your parents was there thenTom， together with Mary and Alice ， is going to swim this afternoon.6) the + adj./ v-e