山東科技大學(xué) 研究生英語(yǔ)考試 課文中CASE譯文及答案

1、山東科技大學(xué) 研究生英語(yǔ)考試 課文中case譯文及答案重點(diǎn)文章如下：p2, text a;p46, text a;p87,additional reading;p123，text a;p180，text b;p198,text a;p296，text a.黑色字體為case原文，紅色字體為case理解答案case 1(p16)a canadian sales representative in venezuela goes to a shipping office to arrange for the ongoing shipment of an order in transit from q

2、uebec to another country.she is on time for her appointment ,but has to wait while the shipping agent serves a number of customers who are already in the office.when the canadians turn finally comes,she explains what she needs,and the agent begins filling out the documentation for the shipment and d

3、iscussing prices.at the same time the agent takes a phone call,responds to a question from a co-worker about schedules,and directs the faxing of a message about something elsein effect working on three other projects besides the canadias,which makes the canadian somewhat annoyed.一位加拿大在委內(nèi)瑞拉的銷(xiāo)售代表航運(yùn)辦公室

4、安排過(guò)境訂單來(lái)自魁北克的持續(xù)裝運(yùn)到另一個(gè)國(guó)家。她是對(duì)她的任命的時(shí)間，但必須等待，而貨運(yùn)代理服務(wù)的客戶已經(jīng)在辦公室。當(dāng)輪到加拿大終于降臨時(shí)，她解釋說(shuō)她需要什么，和代理開(kāi)始填寫(xiě)貨物的文件和討論價(jià)格。同時(shí)代理需要一個(gè)電話，一個(gè)關(guān)于調(diào)度的合作，工人提出的問(wèn)題作出響應(yīng)，并指示在其他的效果的一個(gè)消息有關(guān)的東西傳真工作三個(gè)其他項(xiàng)目除了在加華的，這使得在加拿大有些惱火。the shipping agent is serving the customers in the way that is considered efficient in venezuelan culture.to the canadian,

5、howerver,this is unfocused activity that is not nearly as efficient as it would beparticularly from her point of viewif the agent simply dealt exclusively with her scheduled appointment.in canada,businesspeople typically write appointments and activities into the days agenda every day.they then work

6、 sequentially through the agenda until they have complented each task or the day is over.in other works,canadians prefer to do one thing at a time,while the south americans,including venezuelans,tend to do a few things simultaneously.貨運(yùn)代理服務(wù)的客戶，在被認(rèn)為是在委內(nèi)瑞拉文化的有效方式。到加拿大，但是，這是不是幾乎一樣有效，因?yàn)樗鼤?huì)，特別是從她的角度看的重點(diǎn)不突

7、出的活動(dòng)，如果代理專(zhuān)門(mén)處理她的預(yù)約。在加拿大，商人通常寫(xiě)入當(dāng)天的議程每天的約會(huì)和活動(dòng)。然后，他們通過(guò)議程順序，直到他們完成每一項(xiàng)任務(wù)或一天過(guò)去。在其他作品中，加拿大人喜歡做一件事一件事，而南美，包括委內(nèi)瑞拉，往往同時(shí)做幾件事情。case 2 a dozen years ago,an american visiting professor working in china discovered a different attitude toward confidentiality,to her chagrin.she had written a personal assessment of ea

8、ch student at the end of the course.she had given each student a personal copy and had given the whole document,labeled “confidential”,to two people only:the chair of the department in which she taught and the president of the university.a couple of weeks later,she was amazed when she saw her confid

9、ential evaluations published in a university-wide periodical,complete with the “confidential” heading duly translated !十幾年前，美國(guó)客座教授在中國(guó)工作，發(fā)現(xiàn)了不同的態(tài)度走向保密，她懊惱。她寫(xiě)在課程結(jié)束后，每個(gè)學(xué)生的個(gè)人評(píng)估。她給每個(gè)學(xué)生的個(gè)人副本，并給予整個(gè)文件，標(biāo)有“機(jī)密”，只有兩個(gè)人：部門(mén)中，她教大學(xué)校長(zhǎng)的椅子。幾個(gè)星期后，她很驚訝，當(dāng)她看見(jiàn)她在大學(xué)范圍內(nèi)定期公布的機(jī)密評(píng)估，與“機(jī)密”的標(biāo)題正式翻譯完成！撤消修改as a westerner,the american vi

10、siting professor does not quite understand the collective ownership of information in some other cultural environments.what makes her annoyed is a different attitude toward information about people.in the u.s,it is generally assumed that personal matters are private.teachers go through elaborate pro

11、cedures to assure that students do not have access to each others grades.in business,it is the same.evaluation is confidential.作為一個(gè)西方人，美國(guó)的客座教授，并不太了解信息在其他一些文化環(huán)境的集體所有權(quán)。是什么讓她惱火的是不同的態(tài)度，向有關(guān)人員的信息。在美國(guó)，這是一般認(rèn)為，個(gè)人事務(wù)的私人。教師經(jīng)過(guò)詳細(xì)的程序，以確保學(xué)生沒(méi)有獲得對(duì)方的等級(jí)。在商業(yè)領(lǐng)域，它是相同的。評(píng)價(jià)是保密的。case 3 when queen elizabeth visited the united

12、states,people who were to meet her were given detailed and careful instructions on how to behave on the occasion.protocol prescribes how to address royalty,how to walk and talk in the presence of royalty.this carefully choreographed ritual was rudely shattered when a woman in washington,d.c.,pushed

13、protocol aside and hugged the queen.the queen was gracious,but it was regarded by many people,espicially people in britain,as an obvious breach of etiquette that only “barbarian” foreigners would commit. when queen elizabeth visited sydney,australia ,in 1991 as the honored guest for that countrys 15

14、0th anniversity celebration,the prime minister,paul keating,put his arm around her when ushering her into a room.the gesture was seen around the world on television. since mr. keating had publicly stated previously that he believed austrilia shoud be a republic and no longer accept the queen as a he

15、ad of state,the gesture was discussed widely throughout great britain ,australia ,and new zealand in relation to his viewpoint.the british tabloids saw it as unforgivable rudeless,but many australia saw it as the behavior of a strong,independent leader.the controversy continued long after the event.

16、當(dāng)英國(guó)女王伊麗莎白訪問(wèn)了美國(guó)，滿足她的人如何做人之際，詳細(xì)和悉心指導(dǎo)。議定書(shū)“規(guī)定如何解決版稅，如何走路和說(shuō)話的版稅存在。這精心編排的儀式是粗暴地破滅時(shí)，一名女子在華盛頓特區(qū)，推動(dòng)協(xié)議一邊抱住王后。皇后親切的，但它被認(rèn)為是由許多的人，espicially在英國(guó)的人，作為一種禮儀，只是“野蠻的”外國(guó)人會(huì)犯明顯違反。當(dāng)伊麗莎白女王在1991年訪問(wèn)了澳大利亞的悉尼，作為該國(guó)的150 anniversity慶典的嘉賓，總理基廷，把他的胳膊摟著她的時(shí)候迎來(lái)了她到世界各地的電視上看到的一個(gè)room.the姿態(tài)。由于基廷先生此前曾公開(kāi)表示，他相信austrilia shoud是一個(gè)共和國(guó)，并不再接受女王作為

17、國(guó)家元首，討論了整個(gè)英國(guó)，澳大利亞和新西蘭的姿態(tài)廣泛涉及他的觀點(diǎn)。英國(guó)小報(bào)認(rèn)為不可饒恕rudeless的，但許多澳大利亞看到一個(gè)強(qiáng)大，獨(dú)立的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者的行為。爭(zhēng)議不斷的事件后不久。撤消修改as a matter of fact,the american woman was not being disrespectful.however,it is clear that her way of showing respect and welcome was different from the ancient tradition of keeping physical distance from su

18、periors,which is still widely observed,esspecially when royalty is involved.paul keating,the austrialian prime minister,may have intended to suggest by his gesture that austrilia would no longer accept the queen as head of state but just as one of their honored guests.obviously,the british would not

19、 like it at all.sometimes,such seemingly trivial things can influence relations between countries.thats why protocol is taken seriously and people who are to hold diplomatic posts will be given detailed and careful instructions.事實(shí)上，美國(guó)女子沒(méi)有不敬。然而，很明顯，她的尊重和歡迎來(lái)自上級(jí)，這仍然是普遍觀察到的，esspecially時(shí)，版稅是從物理距離保持古老的傳統(tǒng)是

20、不同的方式。austrialian總理基廷，可能意在表明他的姿態(tài)，austrilia將不再接受女王作為國(guó)家元首，但只是作為嘉賓之一。顯然，英國(guó)不會(huì)像它在所有。有時(shí)，這些看似瑣碎的事情可以影響國(guó)家之間的關(guān)系。這就是為什么協(xié)議是認(rèn)真對(duì)待，并舉行外交職位的人，將給予詳盡和悉心指導(dǎo)。撤消修改case 7(p63)a female neurologist from beijing was working on a research project in a toronto hospital.she shared a small office with a young canadian man from

21、a large family who loved peanut butter.he was so fond of peanut butter,he kept a jar in the office.one day he came into the office and exclaimed,”who took my peanut butter?”the chinese woman immediately felt accused.after all,there were only two of them in the office.she was deeply distressed,but sh

22、e said nothing.later that day she was working in a room where a physiotherapist was treating a patient who had suffered paralysis of his legs and arms from a motorcycle accident.the physiotherapist moved one of the patients legs in a way that caused him pain.“ouch!”he cried.“oh,i didnt do that ,”sai

23、d the physiotherapist.”it was that doctor over there ,”and she points to the chinese woman.“how could she have done it since shes on the other side of room?”the patient asked.“ah,she has three hands,”the physiotherapist replied jokingly,expecting the patient to be amused by her fanciful explanation

24、for his pain.at these words the chinese doctor bacame even more upset.she was very disturbed.she waited until the petient had gone and then said to the physiotherapist ,”im very upset by what you said .”the physiotherapist was taken aback.what had she said?”you said i had three hands.”the doctor fin

25、ally choked.”you think i took the peanut butter.”一位來(lái)自北京的女神經(jīng)學(xué)家工作在多倫多一家醫(yī)院的一個(gè)研究項(xiàng)目。她共享與一個(gè)年輕的加拿大男子從一個(gè)大家族愛(ài)花生butter.he這么喜歡花生醬的一個(gè)小辦公室，他不停地在office.one一天，他走進(jìn)辦公室來(lái)到一個(gè)jar和感嘆道，“誰(shuí)把我的花生黃油？“中國(guó)女子立刻感受到指責(zé)。畢竟，有在辦公室里只有他們兩個(gè)。她深感痛心，但她沒(méi)有說(shuō)什么。當(dāng)天晚些時(shí)候，她是在一個(gè)房間里的物理治療師治療一個(gè)病人，他的雙腿和武器從摩托車(chē)accident.the物理治療師曾遭受癱瘓工作遷移的方式，造成他疼痛病人的腿之一。“哎喲！

26、”他喊道?！芭?，我并沒(méi)有這樣做，”物理治療師。說(shuō)，“這是醫(yī)生在那里，”她指出，中國(guó)女子。“她怎么能都做到了，因?yàn)樗姆块g的另一側(cè)的嗎？”病人問(wèn)?！鞍?，她有三只手”，物理治療師開(kāi)玩笑地回答說(shuō)，希望病人被逗樂(lè)了她奇特的解釋?zhuān)耐纯?。在這些話的中國(guó)醫(yī)生bacame更心煩。她非常disturbed.she等到petient已經(jīng)不見(jiàn)了，然后物理治療師說(shuō)，“你說(shuō)我很心煩?！蔽锢碇委煄煶粤艘惑@。了什么，她說(shuō)嗎？“你說(shuō)我有三只手”。醫(yī)生終于哽咽?！澳阋詾槲野鸦ㄉu?！背废薷膚hen the canadian young man siad ,”who took my peanut butter?”what

27、he really meant was “where is my peanut butter?i cant find it.”the chinese doctor felt accused and upset because in chinese culture,questions like this ,espically expressed in the way the young canadian did ,often imply that someone is to blame.chinese culture prohibits direct accusation unless a pe

28、rson has been targeted for shame.however ,true to her learned cultrual behavior of never showing anger in public,the chinese doctor didnt say anything ,though she was deeply distressed.later,the physiotherapist was making a joke when she said the chinese doctor had “three hands”.she wasnt serious,of

29、 course,and expected the patient to be amused by her fanciful explanation for his pain:that the doctor on the other side of the room could have reached an imaginary third hand out to touch him.she didnt konw in chinese a “three-hand person”is slang for a thief.當(dāng)加拿大的年輕男子西亞德，“誰(shuí)把我的花生醬嗎？”他真正的意思是“哪里是我的花生

30、醬嗎？我不能找到它。的”中國(guó)醫(yī)生認(rèn)為被告和不安，因?yàn)樵谥袊?guó)文化中，像這樣的問(wèn)題espically表達(dá)的方式，年輕的加拿大，往往意味著有人blame.chinese文化，禁止直接指責(zé)，除非一個(gè)人一直為shame.however有針對(duì)性的，真正的她從未出現(xiàn)在公眾的憤怒了解到cultrual行為，中國(guó)醫(yī)生沒(méi)有說(shuō)什么，雖然她深感痛心。后來(lái)，物理治療師是在開(kāi)玩笑時(shí)，她說(shuō)，中國(guó)醫(yī)生“三只手”，當(dāng)然，她并不嚴(yán)重，預(yù)計(jì)患者被逗樂(lè)了她奇特的解釋?zhuān)耐纯啵簩?duì)其他醫(yī)生一側(cè)的房間可能已達(dá)到一個(gè)假想的三只手觸摸him.she不知道在中國(guó)“三手的人”是一個(gè)小偷的俚語(yǔ)。case 8brent weber,a recent

31、 graduate with a degree in international business,was excited about his job offer from a japanese firm in chicago.he had heard about the excellent training japanese companies provide for their employees and was looking forward to promising future with the firm.after some time with the firm ,however,

32、brent became disillusioned .he felt he just wasnt getting the training to move ahead,and he started looking for another job.sometime his japanese manager found out;he called brent in and made it clear to him that he was expected to leave.before brent left the firm,however,the japanese manager met wi

33、th him once more.he went to great pains to point out that even though brents actions had been disloyal to the fim,they were parting on good terms:brent was not fired,but they had come to a mutual understanding that parting was best for both sides.布倫特韋伯，一個(gè)剛畢業(yè)的大學(xué)生，在國(guó)際商業(yè)的程度，很興奮，也聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)關(guān)于良好的培訓(xùn)，日本公司為員工提供的，并

34、期待著公司的未來(lái)前途與日本公司在chicago.he關(guān)于他的工作提供。不過(guò)，公司一段時(shí)間后，布倫特成為幻滅，他覺(jué)得他只是沒(méi)有得到培訓(xùn)前進(jìn)，他開(kāi)始尋找另一份工作。然而，有時(shí)他的日本經(jīng)理發(fā)現(xiàn)了，他叫布倫特和明確，他說(shuō)，他預(yù)計(jì)leave.before布倫特離開(kāi)了公司，日本的經(jīng)理人與他舉行了一次more.he不厭其煩指出，布倫特的行動(dòng)，即使已不講信用的fim，他們放棄良好的條件：布倫特沒(méi)有發(fā)射，但他們是來(lái)相互理解，離別是雙方的最佳。撤消修改in american culture,peoples personal goals take priority over their allegiance to

35、groups like the family or the employer.the loyalty of individualists to a given group is very weak;they feel they belong to many groups and are apt to change their membership as it suits them,switching churches,for example,or leaving one employer for another.and they are not likely to be emotionally

36、 dependent on orignizations and institutions.in japanese society ,the relationship between an employee and the firm is much more interdependent,somewhat similar to a child-mother relationship where the mother (firm) is obliged to take care of her children(employees) and children(emplyees) have to ob

37、ey and follow the commands of their mother(firm).it is not surprising for an american to try to find another job before he or her leaves his or her present employer if he or she considers it necessary for him or herself.however ,this action was regarded by the japanese firm as disloyal,undermining t

38、he trust between the two parties.in spite of this,the manager of the firm did not like the parting to be understood as brent being fired,bacause the apperance of harmony and agreement with the group(the firm in this case) is important in japanese society.在美國(guó)文化中，人們的個(gè)人目標(biāo)接管他們的忠誠(chéng)像家庭或個(gè)人主義者employer.the忠誠(chéng)到

39、一個(gè)給定的的組組的首要任務(wù)是非常薄弱，他們覺(jué)得他們屬于多個(gè)組，很容易改變自己的成員，因?yàn)樗m合其中，開(kāi)關(guān)教堂，例如，或離開(kāi)一個(gè)雇主為another.and他們不太可能情感上的依賴orignizations和機(jī)構(gòu)。在日本社會(huì)中，雇員和公司之間的關(guān)系更是相互依存的，有點(diǎn)類(lèi)似母親（公司）有義務(wù)采取照顧她的孩子（員工）和兒童（emplyees）要服從一個(gè)孩子母親的關(guān)系并按照他們的母親（公司）的命令。一個(gè)美國(guó)人，這并不奇怪，試圖找到另一份工作之前，他或她離開(kāi)他或她目前的雇主，如果他或她認(rèn)為有必要為他或herself.however的，這一行動(dòng)被視為由日本企業(yè)不講信用，破壞盡管這兩個(gè)parties.in之

40、間的信任，該公司的經(jīng)理沒(méi)有像被理解為布倫特被解雇的離別，bacause和諧，并與本集團(tuán)的協(xié)議（在這種情況下，公司）的外觀是很重要的，在日本社會(huì)。撤消修改case 9in a cross-cultural training program deliered by canandians for chinese paricipants,the trainers had invited guest speakers for the chinese to hear,but some chinese trainees repeatedly came late to afternoon sessions a

41、nd inconvenienced the guest speakers.the canadian trainers became angry and scolded the trainees.the trainees response was bewilderment and shame,but it wasnt shame for being late to hear the guest speakers.it was shame on behalf of the trainers for having let themselves behave so emotionally.so the

42、 trainers asked how the chinese would behave if,say ,a friend repeatedly arrived late for a movie date,so late that it wasnt possible to see the film.the appropriate way to deal with such a person,the trainees agreed,would be to go see films with someone else and to become cooler toward and more dis

43、tant from the person who had behaved so irresponsibly.they said they would feel angry but it was not appropriate to show anger .the trainers apologized that next day for their angry words. 在中國(guó)paricipants canandians deliered一個(gè)跨文化培訓(xùn)方案，培訓(xùn)師，中國(guó)已邀請(qǐng)主講嘉賓聽(tīng)到，但一些中國(guó)學(xué)員多次來(lái)晚了下午的會(huì)議和不便客人speakers.the加拿大教練很生氣罵“trainee

44、s.the學(xué)員的反應(yīng)是困惑和羞恥，但它不是遲到聽(tīng)到客人speakers.it為代表的導(dǎo)師的恥辱，讓自己表現(xiàn)得如此情緒的恥辱。因此，教員問(wèn)及如何在中國(guó)的行為，如果說(shuō)，朋友多次遲到的電影日期，這么晚了，這是不可能看到film.the適當(dāng)?shù)姆绞絹?lái)處理這樣的人，學(xué)員同意，會(huì)去看別人的電影，并成為冷卻器走向和曾表現(xiàn)得如此irresponsibly.they說(shuō)，他們會(huì)感到憤怒，但它是不恰當(dāng)?shù)谋憩F(xiàn)出憤怒的人更遙遠(yuǎn)的。教員道歉，第二天他們的憤怒when they were being scolded by the trainers for being repeatedly late for afternoon

45、 sessions,the chinese trainees felt bewildered because they thought it inappropriate for the canadian trainers to become so angry about it.in their opinion,one should let him or herself as emotionally like this.the appropriate way to deal with such a person would be become cooler toward and more dis

46、tant from the person who behaved so irresponsibly.it was understandable that one would feel angry in this situation but it was not appropriate to show anger,for the other person would certainly lose face if anger were directed toward him or her and the angry person would look foolish and childish an

47、d therefore would also lose face.canadians see such situation in a very different way.they tend to explicitly express how the feel and openly criticize the person who they think has been wrong and irresponsible.it seems to them this has little to do with fece.當(dāng)他們被罵教員反復(fù)下午時(shí)段后期，中國(guó)的學(xué)員感到迷惘，因?yàn)樗麄冋J(rèn)為它不適合加拿大培

48、訓(xùn)變得如此憤怒it.in他們的意見(jiàn)，應(yīng)該讓他或她情緒像this.the適當(dāng)?shù)姆绞絹?lái)處理這樣的人將成為冷卻器走向表現(xiàn)得如此irresponsibly.it是可以理解的，在這種情況下，人會(huì)感到憤怒的，但它是不恰當(dāng)?shù)谋憩F(xiàn)出憤怒，另一方面，從人多遙遠(yuǎn)人肯定會(huì)丟了面子，如果憤怒是直接向他或她和憤怒的人會(huì)顯得愚蠢和幼稚，因此也將失去面對(duì)。加拿大人看到這種情況，往往在一個(gè)非常不同的way.they明確地表達(dá)怎樣的感受和公開(kāi)批評(píng)的人，他們認(rèn)為是錯(cuò)誤的，并irresponsible.it在他們看來(lái)，這已不大，與fece。case 16(p141) a mission of several u.s. senato

49、rs visited tokyo a few days ago.after the american delegates met with high-level officials of the japanese government,one senator spoke to a close japanese friend about his impression of the joint meeting .”the japanese dignitaries received us with utmost courtesy and seemed to listen carefully to o

50、ur comments.but after the meeting ,the members of our mission unanimously agreed none of us had clearly understood the points the japanese probably wanted to make.we also shared the impression that the japanese had become even more arrogant than before.”a tokyo newspaper reported on the same meeting

51、 the next morning.the artical quoted one of the japanese government officials:”we extended our utmost courtesy to the u.s. delegation.we tried to be good listeners instead of strongly pushing our own views,and we feel they appreciated that.”一個(gè)好幾位美國(guó)參議員代表團(tuán)訪問(wèn)了東京幾天ago.after與日本政府的高級(jí)官員會(huì)見(jiàn)了美國(guó)代表，一位參議員談到密切的日本

52、朋友對(duì)他的印象聯(lián)席會(huì)議?！叭毡菊哟宋覀冏畲蟮亩Y貌，似乎仔細(xì)聆聽(tīng)我們comments.but會(huì)議后，我們的使命成員一致同意，我們沒(méi)有清楚地了解日本可能想make.we也共享的印象，日本已成為甚至比以前更加囂張?！霸谕淮螘?huì)議上，未來(lái)的morning.the文章援引日本政府官員之一的東京報(bào)紙報(bào)道：“我們擴(kuò)展了我們最大的禮貌美國(guó)delegation.we試圖好聽(tīng)眾，而不是有力地推動(dòng)我們自己的看法，我們覺(jué)得他們對(duì)此表示贊賞。撤消修改what went wrong in this case?contrary to general american perception ,it is conside

53、red proper behavior for japanese to be silent.it is a discreet way to show respect if he listens to others speak rather than speaking out .so the japanese delegates did what they considered proper,i.e.,listen quietly to what the americans had to say.silence often means that they are seriously thinki

54、ng about the subject at issue.but many americans will interpret silent in a conversation to mean disapproval,disagreement,or even arrogance.this is an example that illustrates the problem of the so-called “perception gap”.participants in communication perceive each others behavior in very different

55、ways,which often results in misunderstanding or conflict.在這種情況下出了什么問(wèn)題？一般美國(guó)的看法相反，它被認(rèn)為是日本的正當(dāng)行為，要silent.it是一個(gè)不顯眼的方式，以示尊重，如果他聽(tīng)別人說(shuō)話，而不是講出來(lái)，所以日本的代表做了他們認(rèn)為適當(dāng)?shù)?，也就是說(shuō)，靜靜地聽(tīng)著什么美國(guó)人say.silence往往意味著他們認(rèn)真思考在issue.but許多美國(guó)人的主題將解釋在沉默了談話，表示不以為然，分歧，甚至arrogance.this在溝通的一個(gè)例子，說(shuō)明所謂的“認(rèn)知差距”的問(wèn)題。與會(huì)者認(rèn)為對(duì)方的行為有很大不同，這往往導(dǎo)致誤解或沖突。case 17

56、tom,an american student ,was at the dinner table for the first time with his new host family in china.his hostess was a good cook,and there was plenty of food on the table.tom enjoyed the meal as well as the pleasant conversation.he ate so much that he felt absolutely stuffed.when he said,”it was de

57、licious .thank you for the meal”,both the host and hostess insisted that he eat more ,saying,”there is still plenty,so please have more.”tom declined their offer very politely by saying that he had had enough,but they insisted again and again.tom was dismayed but he felt hesitant about resisting the

58、ir offer.he put more food on his plate and somehow finished it. 湯姆，一個(gè)美國(guó)學(xué)生在飯桌上，與他的新寄宿家庭china.his女主人第一次是個(gè)好廚師，并有充足的食物的table.tom享受了一頓愉快的交談以及他吃了這么多，他認(rèn)為絕對(duì)stuffed.when他說(shuō)，“這是美味的，謝謝你了一頓”，主機(jī)和女主人堅(jiān)持他吃多了，他說(shuō)，“還有大量的，所以請(qǐng)有更多的。“湯姆很有禮貌地拒絕了他們的提議說(shuō)，他已經(jīng)受夠了，但他們堅(jiān)持再again.tom感到沮喪，但他感到猶豫的關(guān)于抵制他們offer.he把他的盤(pán)子上更多的糧食，并以某種方式完成。撤消修改

59、it is customary in china and many other asian countries for hosts to ask guests again and again to take more .tom didnt have to eat extra food if he didnt want any more.in the us,a host will offer more food usually only once.and the americans will take a “no” to mean “no”,whether its the first ,second,or third time.however,in many other parts of the world it is considered for gue