高考英語優(yōu)選練：閱讀理解提升練精編優(yōu)選練(十八)Word版含解析

1、名校名 推薦精編優(yōu)選練 (十八 )閱讀理解 主旨大意題2(限時： 25 分鐘 )awhile still a young child, morales casanova saw neighborhood children harm local trees andeven their own pets. so sheformed a group called humanity united tonature in harmony forbeauty, welfare, andgoodness to address the problem. throughsmall group meetings,

2、 shetaught friends togrowplants and care for pets, inspiring a newrespect for nature.a few years later, at age 13, she sent the president a proposal ( 提議 ) for creating a protectedarea to train children about environmental issues. he awarded her thenational youth award forenvironmentalprotection.tha

3、tbacking helped her group to expandits grassroots youthconservation projectsthrough her home state. in 2007 the state capitaldonated land that let her realizealong- helddream of opening an environmental education park.opened in 2013, ceiba pentandra park provides afree, interactive (互動的 ) learningex

4、perience for children and teachers on topics ranging from climate change to wildlife protectionand the effects of pollution. the parks unusual aspect is itsteachers： other children. “ i thinkchildren have great potential tobeleaders，” morales casanova says.park students who show leadership abilityar

5、e trained to be educators. they learn tospeakin front of groups, plan activities, and do fundraising for projects that they design and managethemselves.“ when kids see other kids makinga realdifference, it gives them confidence that theycan do it，too，” morales casanova says.thechildren we work with

6、are growingup with newvalues. they are already taking action to change not only their own lifestyles, butalsotheminds of families and teachers. ”語篇解讀 本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了morales casanova 在推動環(huán)保事業(yè)方面所做出的貢獻(xiàn)。 她認(rèn)為對孩子們進(jìn)行環(huán)保教育是解決環(huán)境問題的一個非常有效的方法，她曾就此給總統(tǒng)提議，并得到了認(rèn)可。1 which can best replace the underlined word “ backi

7、ng ”paragraphin 3?a approval.b protection.crequest.d opportunity.解析 ：詞義猜測題。 第二段中提到morales casanova 向總統(tǒng)提議建一個保護(hù)區(qū)對孩子們進(jìn)行環(huán)保教育， 總統(tǒng)授予了她一個獎項。畫線詞后面的內(nèi)容是說她之前創(chuàng)立的組織得到了擴(kuò)展，并在她所在州的幫助下實(shí)現(xiàn)了自己成立環(huán)保教育公園的夢想，由此可以推測，此處的backing 指的是總統(tǒng)對她所從事的事業(yè)的認(rèn)可。答案 ：a2 what is special about ceiba pentandra park?a it has children educators.1名校

8、名 推薦bit trains teachers for schools.cit focuses on reducing pollution.d it involves local government leaders.解析 ：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。 根據(jù)題干中的ceiba pentandra park，我們可以找到文章中對應(yīng)的信息是第四、五段內(nèi)容，通過快速閱讀這兩段內(nèi)容，我們可以找到與special 對應(yīng)的信息 “ theparks unusual aspect is its teachers：other children. ” ，再結(jié)合 “park students who show leadersh

9、ipability are trained to be educators. ”可知， morales casanova 認(rèn)為孩子們有當(dāng)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者的潛力，所以她們選擇有這方面潛力的孩子們，并將他們培養(yǎng)成公園的老師。這正是這個公園與眾不同的地方，故選a 項。 b 項的錯誤在于他們培養(yǎng)的老師是為公園服務(wù)的，并不是從事學(xué)校工作的； c 項的污染問題只是他們關(guān)注的一個方面，并非其特色；d 項文章中并未提及。答案 ：a3 what does morales casanova stress in solving environment problems?a education.b donation.cexpe

10、rience.d confidence.解析 ：推理判斷題。通讀文章，根據(jù)第一段中的“taught friends to. ，第二”段中的“trainchildren. ，第”三段中的 “ an environmental education park和第四段中”的 “ its teachers等不難”看出， morales casanova 認(rèn)為對孩子們進(jìn)行環(huán)保教育是解決環(huán)境問題的一個非常有效的方法。答案 ：a4 what is the best title for the text?a respect for naturebnew values in lifecbuilding leade

11、rship skills in studentsd saving environment through children解析 ：標(biāo)題歸納題。 通讀全文可知， 文章主要介紹了morales casanova 在推動環(huán)保事業(yè)方面所做出的貢獻(xiàn)，她主要是通過對孩子們進(jìn)行環(huán)保教育來提高他們的環(huán)保意識，然后通過他們的改變來影響周圍的人，從而使人們從身邊的點(diǎn)點(diǎn)滴滴做起，為環(huán)保事業(yè)盡自己的一份力。故 d 項作標(biāo)題最恰當(dāng)。答案 ：dbboom said at the paris air show tuesdaythat passengers could fly between london andnew yo

12、rk aboard a supersonic (超音速的 )commercial airplane in about 2.5 hours withinthenext six years. the company also aims to shuttle passengers from san francisco to tokyo in 5.5hours, vs the current 11- hour travel time.flights from los angeles to sydney would take justunder 7 hours, compared with the cu

13、rrent 15 hours.“ airlines are eager to find something new and different to offer their passengers and were2名校名 推薦thrilled that major world airlines share our idea of a future of faster, more accessible supersonic travel，” blake scholl, booms founder, said at the show. five airlines have already plac

14、ed morethan 70 orders for booms faster- than- soundpassengerairliners,the company announced.some experts, however, are skeptical thatboomcan make its idea a reality and offer aproductthatmakesfinancialsense. theeuropeanaircraftconcorde,whichendeditstransatlantic supersonic flight in 2003, was neverc

15、ommercially workable, and with anairfareof $20,000, appealed to only a very narrow slice of travelers, said robert mann, an airline industryexpert. fuel economy, unproventechnology ，and regulations against supersonic commercialflight are key difficulties boom faces， mann said.there are also some tra

16、vel limitations. the united states and many other countriesdo notallow supersonic commercial flightsover land， because of the loud shock wave that can beannoying to communities below. but a boom spokesman said that its passenger airliner is beingdesigned to minimize the noise it makes and that boomw

17、ill work to change those regulations.the company said that it will succeed where concorde failed because boomis using betterengines and improvedmaterials to helpreduce the costs of operatingits aircraft.andabusiness-class ticket from new york to london could cost $5,000, boom estimates (估計 ), far le

18、ssthan the $20,000 charged by concorde.語篇解讀 本文是一篇新聞報道。從紐約到倫敦僅需2.5 小時，還不到一部指環(huán)王電影的時間。 這可能嗎？美國一家航空航天公司boom 在巴黎航空展上宣布他們的超音速飛機(jī)有望在六年內(nèi)將此變?yōu)楝F(xiàn)實(shí)。5 in which aspect will booms new airplane stand out?a its safety.b its speed.cits flight paths.d its degree of comfort.解析 ：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。 文章第一段采用舉例子、列數(shù)字和對比的寫作手法，通過對三條航線目前和將來可

19、能的飛行時間進(jìn)行對比，主要說明超音速飛機(jī)可以大大縮短旅行時間，即它在速度上有優(yōu)勢，故選b 項。答案 ：b6 what is paragraph 2 mainly about?a the aim of boom.bthe partners of boom.cthe public reaction to supersonic flight.d the potential market for supersonic flight.解析 ：段落大意題。 第二段中boom 的創(chuàng)始人稱一些航空公司對航空創(chuàng)新和高速商業(yè)飛行的發(fā)展充滿熱情，并提到有五家航空公司已向他們訂購了七十余架飛機(jī)，由此可以看出本段主要介

20、紹超音速飛機(jī)的市場潛力，故選d 項。3名校名 推薦答案 ：d7 what wasthemain reason forconcordesfailure?a it was poorly designed.bit created terrible noise.cit was very expensive.d it burnt too much fuel.解析 ：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)題干中的concorde 可定位到第三段，首句是本段的主題句，即有些專家對超音速飛機(jī)商業(yè)飛行并不是那么樂觀。接下來以之前的concorde 公司為例，說明了他們的擔(dān)心。根據(jù)“with an airfare of $20,000

21、, appealed to only a verynarrow slice oftravelers 和最”后一段中的“ whereconcorde failed.to help reduce the costs of operating itsaircraft. 以及”最后一句中價格的對比可知，concorde 失敗的主要原因是其價格太高，只能吸引極少的乘客，故選c 項。答案 ：c8 what is manns attitude toward supersonic commercial flight?a favorable.b disappointed.cdoubtful.d ambiguou

22、s.解析 ：推理判斷題。第三段中mann 舉了以失敗而告終的concorde 的例子，又列舉了一些超音速飛機(jī)面臨的問題，由此可推斷，他對超音速飛行持懷疑態(tài)度，故選c 項。答案 ：ccthe loud continuous noise of the cars or the sound of a plane can force its way into the deepest forest, yet its not only humans that are bothered by the noise.bioacoustician bernie krause has been studying th

23、e effect of noise pollution on wildlife, and has come across some interesting behavior, especially among animals that communicate by vocalization (發(fā)聲 ), like humans. birds use sound to communicate, but in noisy places, these animals have to shout over the natural noise to be heard.krause mentions a

24、study of nightingales to clarify what he means. the birds responded to traffic noise by singing louder and louder until they actually went beyond noise pollution standards in the city. to belt out their songs, they increased their lung pressure fivefold, but scientists state that this is not dangero

25、us for the birds themselves.studies show that sudden noise can cause certain birds to leave their nests, exposing the young to their enemies. one study also showed that songbirds that nested closer to busy motorways were much less productive than those that nested farther away. mammals ( 哺乳動物 ) too

26、are affected. a recent study showed that nursing caribou respond to plane noise by not producing enough milk to feed their young.in some cases noise pollution can actuallyhelp some animals while harming others. toads4名校名 推薦(蟾蜍 ) and frogs are known to vocalize in synchrony (同步；同步方式) so that no preda

27、tor canzero in on them. krause found that when planes flew overhead and masked the toadssongs,they lost their synchronicity, and it took them 45 minutes to get it back again. that gave greathorned owls and coyotes plenty of time to find individual toads by sound.according to krause, “ notonly willno

28、ise poll ution bother wildlife,but it wont help ourlives either.”語篇解讀 本文是一篇說明文。噪音污染不僅困擾著人類，也對野生動物產(chǎn)生了巨大的影響。9 how did nightingales react to traffic noise?a by synchronizing their singing.bby producing louder sounds.cby harming themselves.d by leaving their nests.解析 ： 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由題干中的the nightingales 可以定位到文

29、章第三段，根據(jù)該段中的“thebirdsresponded to traffic noise by singing louder and louder until they actually wentbeyond noise pollution standards in the city.可知，夜鶯面對交”通噪音會用更高的聲調(diào)來唱歌。答案 ：b10 how do young caribou suffer from aircraft noise?a they receive less food.bthey cant sleep at night.cthey are often displaced