李陽瘋狂英語發(fā)音秘訣100(打印版)

1、純正美語發(fā)音100個秘訣第一章 字母發(fā)音突破秘訣1 最堅實的基礎(chǔ)瘋狂突破字母關(guān)這是一首優(yōu)美、現(xiàn)代的字母歌，絕對不是我們從小就熟悉的那首“比較弱智”的字母歌!請一定要反復(fù)聽、反復(fù)模仿。26個字母、26個單詞、26個句子，瘋狂模仿，發(fā)音必會產(chǎn)生飛躍！A的讀音為IPA: eiIm afraid youve made a mistake.K.K: e恐怕您搞錯了。B的讀音為IPA: bi:I wont be able to finish my work.K.K:bi 我不能完成工作了。C的讀音為 IPA:si:I dont see what you mean.K.Ksi我不懂你的意思。D的讀音為IPA

2、di:Ive heard a great deal about you.K.Kdi久仰大名。E 的讀音為IPAi:He is easy to deal with.K.Ki他很容易打交道。F的讀音為 IPAefWill you sit on my left?K.KZf你坐在我左邊好么？G的讀音為 IPAdVi:Lots of students wear jeans nowadays.K.KdVi 現(xiàn)在很多學(xué)生穿牛仔褲。H的讀音為 IPAeItFLet me have a look at the book.K.KetF讓我看看這本書。I的讀音為 IPABII could, and I should

3、, but I wont do it.K.KBI這個我能做，我也應(yīng)該做，但我不愿意做。J的讀音為 IPAdVeIHe was jailed for tow years.K.KdVe他被囚禁了兩年。K的讀音為 IPAkeIIn any case, its none of your business.K.Kke無論如何，那事于你無關(guān)。L的讀音為 IPAelI have something else to tell you.K.KZl我還有些話要告訴你。M的讀音為 IPAemThe baby is real gem; he never cries.K.KZm 這個嬰兒真討人喜歡，他從來不哭。N的讀音

4、為 IPAenTen to one he has forgotten it.K.KZn他很可能已經(jīng)忘記了。O的讀音為 IPAouI hope I can see you again.K.Ko我希望我能再見到你。P的讀音為 IPApi:He recovered his peace of mind.K.Kpi他恢復(fù)了平靜的心情。Q的讀音為 IPAkju:We had to queue for hours to get in.K.Kkju 我們必須排幾個小時的長隊才能進去。R的讀音為 IPAB:Are you ready for the start?K.KBr你準(zhǔn)備好出發(fā)了嗎？S的讀音為 IPAes

5、Many people wish for success in life.K.KZs許多人都希望一生有所成就。T的讀音為 IPAti:Would you like tea or coffee?K.Kti你要喝茶還是咖啡。U的讀音為 IPAju:What do you plan to do this weekend?K.Kju這個周末你計劃做什么？V的讀音為 IPAvi:Language is the vehicle of human thought.K.Kvi語言是人類表達思想的工具。W的讀音為IPA dQblju: You are always welcome at my house.K.K

6、 dQblju 隨時歡迎你到我家來。X的讀音為 IPAeksHis English is excellent.K.KZks他的英文是優(yōu)秀的。Y的讀音為 IPAwBIWhy are you in such a good mood?K.KwBI你為什么心情這么好？Z的讀音為 IPAzedZip up your fly.K.Kzi拉上你的拉鏈。第二章 三最法突破發(fā)音秘訣2 經(jīng)典“三最口腔肌肉訓(xùn)練法”最大聲；最清晰；最快速“三最”法就是最大聲；最清晰；最快速地反復(fù)操練句子或短文以達成地道美語“脫口而出”。這是李陽瘋狂英語最神奇（magical）的方法，效果卓著。這種練習(xí)只要稍微堅持，便可出現(xiàn)明顯效果。

7、經(jīng)過這種培訓(xùn)的學(xué)生根本不知道害怕講英語，就算是在初次和外國人交流是比較緊張，但由于平常接受的是“超級激烈的”極端訓(xùn)練，一緊張，害怕便產(chǎn)生了神奇的效果：“最大聲”變成了正常的音量（normal volume）；“最快速”變成了優(yōu)雅的語速（elegant speed）；“最清晰”變成了“模模糊糊”(ambiguous;vague)的地道英語（genuine English）最高境界三最短文精彩操練：Everybodys business is nobodys businessThere are four people named everybody, somebody, anybody and n

8、obody. There was an important job to be done and everybody was asked to do it. Everybody was sure that somebody would do it. Anybody could have done it, but nobody did it. Some body got angry about that because it was everybodys job. Everybody thought anybody could do it, but nobody realized that ev

9、erybody wouldnt do it. It ended up that everybody blamed somebody when nobody did what anybody could have done.有四個人分別叫做：“每個人”、“某個人”、“任何人”和“沒有人”。有一次，他們每個人都要被要求去完成一件重要的工作。大家都相信某個人會去做這件事。其實，任何人都可以完成這項工作的，但就是沒有人去做。某個人對此感到非常氣憤，因為這是大家的任務(wù)。每個人都認(rèn)為任何人可以完成這件事，但沒有人認(rèn)識到大家都不會去做這件事。結(jié)果呢，當(dāng)沒有人去做其實任何人都可以做到的事情的時候，每個人都在抱

10、怨某個人。秘訣3 新“三最口腔肌肉訓(xùn)練法”最夸張、最慢速、最頻繁經(jīng)典范例：SpringtimeDays get longer and warmer in the spring.There are new leaves on the trees.Flowers begin to grow.Rain makes the grass green and helps the plants grow.Spring is the time of new life. Nature puts on new clothes in many colors red, yellow, blue, white, and

11、 purple.Birds build nests in the spring.Many baby animals appear.People like to make gardens and farmers plant crops in the fields.Spring is the season for young love. “In the spring a young mans thoughts turn to love.” according to an old saying.第三章 一口氣突破發(fā)音秘訣4 一口氣訓(xùn)練法當(dāng)美國人講話的時候底氣很足，令人羨慕！為什么呢？因為他們講話時用

12、的是腹腔、胸腔、喉腔、口腔、鼻腔“合五為一”所以底氣十足。我們中國人講話使用的是嘴巴，沒有底氣，說話時發(fā)音不飽滿，力量不足。所以我們中國人要想說一口地到流利的英文，必須在“五大發(fā)音秘訣”和“三最口腔肌肉訓(xùn)練法”之后，再用“一口氣訓(xùn)練法”瘋狂操練。做法很簡單：你只要深呼吸，然后再一口氣里盡量多讀。經(jīng)過一段時間的訓(xùn)練以后，原來需要換幾次氣才能讀完的一句話或小短文，一口氣里就能輕松讀完！經(jīng)典范例：1.A: Hi Stone! How have you been?B: Great! What about you?2.A: Sorry, Im so late getting back to the of

13、fice. Hows everything.B: Oh, Ive been super.3.A: Hey, could I borrow your car for the weekend?B: Go to hell! The last time you borrowed my car you wrecked it.秘訣5 調(diào)動腹部的力量中國人習(xí)慣用嘴巴說話，顯得比較“單薄”，有氣無力；美國人習(xí)慣用腹部的力量說話，渾厚有力。這就是中國人說英語和英美人說英語的最大區(qū)別。瘋狂做法：平時練習(xí)英語時，盡量運動腹部的肌肉，剛開始有點別扭，堅持一下，便會產(chǎn)生效果。中國人開口說英語就能聽出是中國口音。請聽下面

14、的錄音。How are you doing?A: How are you doing, Lee?B: I beg your pardon?A: How s everything? How are you getting along?B: Im getting along fine, thank you.A: Have you changed any of your ideas about this country? Do you still think English is the worst language in the world?B: Im beginning to see that

15、human nature is pretty much the same everywhere.A: And what about the language?B: That idea hasnt changed.第四章 元、輔音發(fā)音操練秘訣6 悅耳動聽在元音英語是否好聽，主要取決于援引是否飽滿、到位！請聽下面的錄音。Im not myself today.我今天沒心情。I dont care what you do.你做什么，我都不管。We hope to see you again.我希望再次見到你。The days are getting longer.白天越來越長。I dont know

16、 how to thank you enough.我不知道該如何感謝你。When are you going to quit smoking?你打算什么時候發(fā)誓戒煙？秘訣7 口齒清晰在輔音如果輔音發(fā)不好，元音再標(biāo)準(zhǔn)也是口齒不清！英語的輔音和中文有很大的區(qū)別，而且復(fù)雜的多！是學(xué)習(xí)發(fā)音的特大難點。輔音主要是舌、齒、唇的相互配合。請欣賞下面的輔音。I think you ought to do it by yourself.我想你應(yīng)該自己去做。I dont know what you are talking about.我聽不懂你在說什么。I feel very tired today.我今天覺得很

17、累。I hope you will forgive me.我希望你會原諒我。I love having you in my life.我渴望我的生命中有你。Im very sorry to hear that.聽到這個消息我很難過。秘訣8 口腔發(fā)音和喉嚨發(fā)音的區(qū)別長元音一般是通過“口腔”發(fā)出的，發(fā)聲處“靠前”；而短元音則是用喉嚨發(fā)出的，發(fā)音處盡量靠后。這可是一個真正的秘密。1.A: What is she doing these days?B: She is learning business English now.2.A: I have a job interview tomorrow.B

18、: Good luck.3.A: Do you speak any English.B: I speak a little English.4.A: I feel much better than I did last week.B: Im really glad to hear that.5.A: would you like coffee or milk or tea?B: Tea, please.第五章 第一節(jié) 底氣十足、元音飽滿秘訣9 長元音拉長鬼鬼祟祟的英文就是由鬼鬼祟祟的元音造成的！你只要把元音發(fā)飽滿、到位，你的應(yīng)為立刻就會說的“悅耳動聽”、“底氣十足”！那些英美流行歌手就是底氣十

19、足、元音飽滿的典范。長元音盡量拉長 國際音標(biāo)i: = 美國音標(biāo)iNickname 外號：穿針引線長“衣”音！Matching Sound 中文近似音：衣服的“衣”。Gesture 動作：在空中做一個“穿針引線”的動作。Special Trick 特別技巧：做瘋狂勉強微笑狀。Extra Note 額外闡述：一個最重要的長音。一定要足夠長，足夠到位。1.Its my treat this time.今天我請客。2.A: please have a seat.請坐。B: Thank you.謝謝。 中國人學(xué)了這么多年英語，其實連“請坐”都不會說。在美國沒有人會說“Sit down, please!”

20、這句話聽起來命令口氣太濃！This sentence sounds like a military order. Its too bossy and commanding. It also sounds like you have no control over the crowd in a public speaking situation. The suggestion “please have a seat.” Sounds much better.3.A: We believe-in you.B: I appreciate your support.4.A: Sweet dreams.

21、B: You too. 這是瘋狂英語學(xué)習(xí)者獨特的再見方式。一般人只會說“Bye-bye”。5.A: Why is he so happy today?B: He dreamed a sweet dream last night.秘訣10 國際音標(biāo)u:=美語音標(biāo)uNickname 外號：小圓唇長“烏”音。類似火車長鳴音“嗚”。1.A: I want to improve my poor English.B: Then you should study Crazy English.2.Id like to improve my English pronunciation.What a fool I

22、 was to do such a thing秘訣11 雙元音飽滿到位雙元音飽滿、到位；盡量用你的口形來夸張發(fā)音，盡量發(fā)泄，盡量慢；爭取以最慢的速度在一口氣內(nèi)用拉長、飽滿、到位的放縱口形把句子讀完；一定要把句子中的雙元音讀準(zhǔn)。最后再用正常的語速，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、地道的一口氣輕松讀完。雙元音發(fā)飽滿到位IPA:BI eiEJK.K:BI eo1.A: Is he coming back soon?B: I have no idea.2.A: I dont like working overtime.B: Neither do I.3.A: I hate being late for work!B: Me t

23、oo.秘訣12 短元音急促有力調(diào)動腹部的力量，一收小腹，立刻純正busygetalongbotherIPAIeEEK.KIZELLets get together again.英音：lets e(t) tEeTE Een略音t美音：lZts Z(t) tEZTL EZn略音tDont bother me. Im busy.He is difficult to get along with.The food here really tastes delicious.第二節(jié) 連讀技巧秘訣13 (1)字尾輔音+字首元音 “異性相吸”這是地道、純正美語的秘訣！要刻苦操練！在意思密切相關(guān)的一組詞中，如果

24、前一個詞以輔音結(jié)尾，后一個詞以元音開頭，這兩個詞有時可以連起來讀，這種現(xiàn)象叫連讀。用符號“”表示。Ill be back-in half-an-hour.我半小時就回來。英音：BIl bi: bAkIn hB:fEnBuE口語中讀音BIl bi: bAkIn hB:fEnBuE美音：BIl bi: bAkIn hAfEnBuE口語中讀音BIl bi bAgIn hAfEnBuETake-a look-at-it.看一看吧。英音：teIkE lukAtIt口語中發(fā)音teIkE lukAtIt美音：tekE lukAtIt 口語中發(fā)音tegE lugAdItA: I have a cold.B:

25、Take care of yourself.秘訣14 (2)字尾元音+字首元音首先我要告訴大家，中國沒幾個人懂這個發(fā)音秘訣！在兩個元音之間按“字尾元音”的開口讀大小適當(dāng)添加上微弱的半元音w或j。如果前一個詞結(jié)尾的音是：i:IeiBIRI在與后面的元音連續(xù)讀時可加j音；倘若前一個音是：uu:EuBu在與后面的元音連讀時可加w音。See offIPA:si: C:f口語讀音si:jC:fK.K:si Cf口語讀音sijCfThank you for coming to see me-off.I went to the station to see her-off.Go onIPA:gEUBn口語讀

26、音gEUwBnK.K:goBn 口語讀音gowBnGo-on with your work.What pleasant weather, why not go-out for a walk?秘訣15 (3)字尾r音+字首元音單詞末尾有字母“r”或“re”的詞，在短語或句子中和以字首元音開始的詞相鄰時，在英語中“r”也要讀出音來，語美語一樣和后面的元音連讀。Far awayIPA:fB:rEwei口語讀音fB:rEweiK.K:fBrEwe口語讀音fBrEweMy friend comes from a country far-away.For everIPA:fC:revE口語讀音fC:rev

27、EK.K:fCrZvL口語讀音fCrZvLI will keep my promise for-ever.There areIPA:TeErB:口語讀音 TeErB:K.K:TZrBr口語讀音 TZrBrThere are a lot of problems in the world.There are over 600,000 kinds of insects in the world.There is no school today.第三節(jié) 省力技巧略音也稱為省音，省音也就是省力（也叫不完全爆破）；也是一種常見的音變現(xiàn)象。在自然流利的談話中，為了說話省力，經(jīng)常把一些音省掉。省音既可出現(xiàn)在單

28、詞內(nèi)，也可出現(xiàn)在詞與詞之間。某單詞字尾是輔音，而相鄰的后面單詞開頭也是輔音，并且詞與頭詞尾的兩個輔音相同時，在讀的時候兩個相同的輔音只讀一個即可；也就是說省前讀后。 秘訣16 擺擺姿勢和貨真價實前虛后實I had a good-time last-night.Take-care.每次告別時都請喊這個句子，比“Bye-bye”要強很多倍！ Instead of just murmuring the common “Bye-bye” that everyone knows, impress people with a loud “take-care” when you part company!K

29、eep-quietYou have a good-memory.Ask-Bob-to sit-behind-me.(省略了4個音)I didnt-do it. My friend-did-it. This is a classic excuse for children of all age around the world!Keep-practicing.美國人說英語另外的特點是：好聽、偷懶、省力、經(jīng)濟原則。連音、略音就是這些特點的體現(xiàn)。秘訣17 略音（1）輔音+輔音 同性相斥I dont-know what-to do.IPA:BI dEUnt nEu wBt tE dU:口語讀音Bi d

30、EUn(t) nEu wB(t) tE dU:K.K:BI dont no hwBt tE dU口語讀音Bi don(t) no hwB(t) tE dUI need-some-more money.IPA:Bi ni:d sQm mC: mQnI口語讀音Bi ni:(d) sQ(m) mC: mQnIK.K:Bi nid sQm mCr mQnI口語讀音Bi ni (d) sQ(m) mCr mQnIId-like-to try on that-shirt.What-time is our flight-tomorrow.秘訣18略音 （2）同類爆破+同類爆破相同的兩個爆破音相鄰時，第一個爆

31、破音省略，只讀后面的一個爆破音。Part timeIPA:pB:(t) tBim省前讀后K.K:pBr(t) tBim（t）省略Shes looking for a part-time job.Take careIPA:teI(k) keE省前讀后K.K:teI(k) kZr（k）省略Please take care of yourself.Take care not to break any glasses.Ill take-care-of the problem.秘訣19 略音（3）異類爆破+異類爆破類似的輔音如：t d；d-t；k- g；p-b出現(xiàn)時，同樣省前讀后。What do you

32、 think?Sorry, I wasnt listening.The boss has always been very good to her.We had a good time together.Youd better get up a little earlier.秘訣20 略音（4）在以tdkgp和b+以輔音開始的單詞時，前面的輔音發(fā)音頓息，舌頭達到發(fā)音部位“點到為止”，但不送氣！在正常速度或快速的對話中，字尾有td時通常不會把td的發(fā)音清楚地念出來，而是快要念出來時，馬上憋氣頓息，因此字尾dt的發(fā)音常常是聽不到的。Let me try it.IPA:le（t） mi: trai

33、itt點到為止K.K:lZ（t） mi trai itMaybe hed like to be alone now.I think so too.I might be getting a big raise this month.Not a chance.Is it going to rain tomorrow?I hope not. I want to go to the beach.秘訣21咬舌頭把舌頭輕輕放在上下牙齒的中間。Thirty-three thousand three hundred and thirty-three.咬6次舌頭Its the same thing.This i

34、s better than that.Theyve been there for more than three mouths.The rumor passed from mouth to mouth.第六章 特別贈送秘訣22美語發(fā)音特色之一兩個元音中間的t要濁化成d。better bZtL口語讀音 bZdLThe sooner, the better.I think youd better see a doctor.Your story just doesnt hold water.你說的不合情理。My mouth is watering.Stay out of this matter, p

35、lease.The matter is of grave concern to us all.正被考慮中的事對大家都非常重要。第七章 法音基本功口語中的同化現(xiàn)象同化是指兩個相鄰的音連讀時，其中一個音受另一個音的影響，變得跟鄰音相同或相似；或者化一；或者兩音相互影響，變?yōu)榈谌齻€音的現(xiàn)象。第一節(jié) 順向型同化秘訣23前面的音影響后面的音，叫順向型同化。這種現(xiàn)象多見于單詞讀音中，如當(dāng)名詞后加-e(-es)變成復(fù)數(shù)，動詞單數(shù)第三人稱加-s(-es),或規(guī)則動詞后加“-ed”變成過去式或過去分詞，由于受前面的音的影響，這些后加成分的讀音各不相同。如cats和beds其復(fù)數(shù)形式同樣是加“-s”但前者念s,而

36、后者念z,原因是他們前面的音一個是清輔音t，另一個是濁輔音d。加“-ed”情況相同，其讀音規(guī)律是清清濁濁，即清輔音后讀清音，濁輔音后讀濁音。如：looked念lJkt，而pulled念p Jld。關(guān)于名詞后加-s(-es)變成復(fù)數(shù)，動詞單數(shù)第三人稱加-s(-es),或者規(guī)則動詞后加“ed”變成過去式或過去分詞，由于受前面的音的影響，這些后加成分的讀音規(guī)則為：清輔音后讀清音，濁輔音后讀濁音。It raining cats and dogs.下傾盆大雨。He stopped reading and looked up.這時他停止看書，抬頭看看?！癘n my way home, I looked u

37、p an old friend of mine.”“再回家的路上，我去看望了一下我的一個老朋友”He pulled a tired smile when he stepped out of the room.他從房間里出來時，臉上帶著疲倦的微笑。第二節(jié) 逆向型同化秘訣24前面的音受后面的音影響，叫逆向型同化。如news的單獨讀音是nju:z，但在復(fù)合詞newspaper中卻讀 nju:sp eIpE, nju:z中的z在復(fù)合詞 nju:sp eIpE中由于受后面清輔音p的影響而清化變成了s。又如：used to 短語本該讀成 ju:zd tu，但受后面t的影響，濁輔音d變成了t，而t又影響z的

38、讀音，使其清化為s，所以現(xiàn)在應(yīng)念成 ju:s tu。Before I eat dinner, I read the newspaper for a while.We read the newspaper every morning.A: He is not the man he used to be.他已經(jīng)不是舊日的他了。B: Dont worry. Youll get used to it in no time.We used to go there every year.Our company used to do business with theirs.我們的公司過去和他們的公司常有業(yè)

39、務(wù)往來。第三節(jié) 相互同化秘訣25相互同化（1）相互同化就是前后兩個連在一起得音念起來不太方便，于是連在一起的兩個音就互為影響而混合成一個新的、折衷的、比較好念的音，使之念起來順口、聽起來順兒、看起來順眼。此類同化并非是隨意的，而是有規(guī)可循的。主要的變化如下： s + j = F 在此情況下基本上都連讀God bless you.IPA: gBd blesju: s + j = F 口語中讀音 gBd bleFu:K.K: gBd blZsju s + j = F 口語中讀音 gBd blZFuNow look what a mess youve made.瞧你弄得亂七八糟。Do you mis

40、s your family?你想念家人嗎？I shall miss you very much.我會非常想念你的。秘訣26相互同化（2） t + j = tF 在此情況下基本上都連讀How about you?IPA: hBJ EbBJtju: t + j = tF 口語中讀音 hBu EbBJtFu:K.K: hBJ EbBJtju t + j = tF 口語中讀音 hBJ EbBJtFuTake care that you dont spoil your new clothes.A: Im very glad to meet you.B: Its a pleasure to meet yo

41、u.Im sorry to tell that youve been dismissed.秘訣27相互同化（3） d + j = dV 在此情況下基本上都連讀Could you tell me where the bus stop is?IPA: kJdju: d + j = dV 口語中讀音 kJdVu:K.K:kJdju d + j = dV 口語中讀音 kJdVuA: Did you panic?B: Of course! It was awful!Would you show me the bathroom, please?Would you care to go for a walk

42、 with me?（Care of 想）Could you do me a favor?Could you possibly give me a lift home?你能讓我搭個便車回家嗎？秘訣28 因發(fā)音部位的影響而發(fā)生的同化當(dāng)很快地說 This shield 或 horseshoe 時，this 或 horse 的詞尾的齒齦音s，受后面的 shield 或 shoe 詞頭的硬顎音F的影響，也變?yōu)镕了。因而就念成了 TIF Fild、 hCrF 9Fu。s之后跟F或j時，s常被同化為Fs-F。如：this ship TIs FIp- TIF FIpz之后跟j或時F，常被同化為V； s-V。如

43、：Has she come? hAz Fi: kQm-hAz Fi: kQmHe tell you the truth.秘訣29 n+k或g=N當(dāng)齒齦鼻音n出現(xiàn)在軟顎音k或g前面時，它就變成軟顎鼻音NThank you.IPA:WANk ju:n+k=NkK.K:WANk jun+k=NkI take a walk along the river bank every morning.I think I can learn to speak good English in one month.Hunger is best sauce.He hungered for her love.I was

44、 angered by his refusal to come to the party.秘訣30 p + n = m把 open ，happen 分別念為 EJpm， hApm，一般是在快速的談話中比較隨便、含糊的發(fā)音。這種發(fā)音，在IPA和K.K中都有。在這里不僅發(fā)生了減音的現(xiàn)象，而且發(fā)生了同化的現(xiàn)象。按照比較正規(guī)的念法， open , happen 應(yīng)分別念為 EJpEn， hApEn，輕音節(jié)中都有一個模糊的元音E。但在前面有減音和同化現(xiàn)象的注音里，元音E完全省去，由此而剩下的輔音群pn，兩個輔音的發(fā)音部位不同。p是雙唇音，n是齒齦音，念起來不太方便。所以就發(fā)生了同化作用。p把n同化為雙唇

45、音m，這樣就形成了兩個雙唇音的輔音群pm，念起來就方便多了。He lives by his pen.All of his dealings are in the open.Lets be open with each other.I want you to be open with me about your money problems, so I can help you.Do you happen to know his new telephone number?秘訣31“清”與“濁”之間的同化當(dāng) north, south, worth 三個詞變?yōu)樾稳菰~時，這些詞原來詞尾的W因為受了后面

46、元音的影響，就變成了濁音T：northnCrWnorthern nCrTLnsouthsBuWsouthern sQTLnworthwE:Wworthy wE:TIShe has traveled in northern countries.The southern half of the country is a desert.She says help only the worthy poor.This book is worthy of being read to be read .第四節(jié) 異化現(xiàn)象兩個相同或相近的音位，在法音過程中因受某種影響，而變得不同或不相近，這種現(xiàn)象叫做異化。異化

47、也稱輔音的濁化現(xiàn)象，s后面的清輔音當(dāng)連接一個元音時（一般出現(xiàn)在重讀音階上），s后面的清輔音受后面的元音影響，在實際法音中要讀成與其相對應(yīng)的濁輔音，在語音分析中稱為濁化。秘訣23（1）sp+元音口語中讀音為sb+元音spendv. 花費IPA:sp end口語讀音sb endK.K:sp Znd口語讀音sb ZndHow do you spend you leisure?你是怎樣消磨空閑時間的。He spends a lot of time with his girlfriend.他花了很多時間與他女朋友泡在一起。Speakv.說話；談話IPA:spi:k口語讀音sbi:kK.K:spik 口語

48、讀音 sbikActions speak louder than words.事實勝于雄辯。I must speak with my son about his cigarette smoking.我必須同我的兒子談一談他的吸煙問題。秘訣33（2）sk+元音 口語中讀音為sg+元音scarev.驚嚇；受驚IPA:skeE口語讀音sgeEK.K: skZr口語讀音sgZrIm so scared.我很怕。You scared me.你嚇了我一跳。Schooln.學(xué)校IPA:sku:l口語讀音sgu:lK.K:skUl口語讀音sgUlHe has studied English in school for tow years.他在學(xué)校學(xué)過兩年英語。If I were a millio