夏季肉兔常見(jiàn)疾病防治研究

1、夏季肉兔常見(jiàn)疾病防治研究由于夏季天氣炎熱，細(xì)菌也會(huì)在這個(gè)季節(jié)異?；钴S。肉兔在夏季患上疾病的幾率相對(duì)于其他季節(jié)要高的多。對(duì)肉兔常見(jiàn)疾病做好充分的防治工作，不僅能夠減少疾病的發(fā)生，保證肉兔的健康，而且能夠在根本上提高養(yǎng)殖的效益。1 兔瘟兔瘟，同時(shí)也被稱(chēng)為兔病毒性出血癥，是常見(jiàn)兔病中一種急性、烈性病毒性傳染病，且潛伏期比較短。容易出現(xiàn)在2個(gè)月以上肉兔的身上，發(fā)病率和死亡率都很高，因此，給養(yǎng)兔業(yè)帶來(lái)了巨大的損失。兔瘟根據(jù)發(fā)病的輕重緩急可以分為最急性兔瘟、急性兔瘟和慢性兔瘟三種情況，最急性兔瘟是兔瘟中最嚴(yán)重的一種情況，健康的肉兔從患病到死亡，只有短短的10個(gè)小時(shí)左右的時(shí)間，并且在死亡之前不會(huì)發(fā)生任何的癥

2、狀。因此，很難對(duì)其采取防治措施，最急性兔瘟通常容易發(fā)生在流行初期。急性兔瘟容易發(fā)生在流行中期，健康肉兔從患病到死亡，所需的時(shí)間在2440小時(shí)之間?；疾∪馔玫闹饕Y狀表現(xiàn)是體溫升高至41左右，同時(shí)還會(huì)出現(xiàn)不愿活動(dòng)，情緒不高漲的現(xiàn)象，在臨死之前，會(huì)在籠內(nèi)狂奔，全身出現(xiàn)顫抖，在患上急性兔瘟的肉兔當(dāng)中，還會(huì)有一部分肉兔出現(xiàn)鼻腔流出泡沫狀血樣液。慢性兔瘟相對(duì)來(lái)最急性和急性來(lái)說(shuō)，潛伏期比較長(zhǎng)，主要發(fā)生在流行后期，患病肉兔的食欲會(huì)迅速下降，從而逐漸消瘦。目前，針對(duì)兔瘟這種疾病的防治，所制備的疫苗是一種組織滅活苗，注射的時(shí)間分別是肉兔35日齡和隔月之后，實(shí)驗(yàn)證明，這種疫苗能夠在肉兔身上產(chǎn)生對(duì)兔瘟的抗體，免疫期

3、為半年。但是，對(duì)于已患病的肉兔，還沒(méi)有相關(guān)的特效藥和抗生素等。如果肉兔患上此病，應(yīng)該及時(shí)將其隔離，并對(duì)其他肉兔進(jìn)行緊急預(yù)防注射。2 球蟲(chóng)病球蟲(chóng)病也是肉兔疾病中比較常見(jiàn)的一種，而且危害也比較嚴(yán)重。球蟲(chóng)病發(fā)病的原因主要是球蟲(chóng)寄生于兔身而引起的。根據(jù)所寄生球蟲(chóng)的種類(lèi)以及寄生于兔身的位置可以將球蟲(chóng)病分為腸型、肝型和混合型三種。其中屬混合型最為常見(jiàn)。其發(fā)病的主要癥狀是患病肉兔的食欲會(huì)突然下降，甚至?xí)霈F(xiàn)拒食的情況，精神狀態(tài)不佳，行動(dòng)比較遲緩。由于夏季喂養(yǎng)肉兔的事物多為青綠飼料，這個(gè)時(shí)期的肉兔如果患病，則還會(huì)出現(xiàn)腹瀉的現(xiàn)象，有時(shí)還會(huì)有腹瀉和便秘交替出現(xiàn)的情況。在肉兔患病的后期，還容易出現(xiàn)渾身痙攣或麻痹的現(xiàn)

4、象，四肢抽搐等神經(jīng)癥狀，最后會(huì)因極度衰竭而死亡。對(duì)于肉兔球蟲(chóng)病的防治措施，首先在生產(chǎn)母兔的選擇上，應(yīng)該選擇無(wú)球蟲(chóng)病或者已經(jīng)治愈的母兔，并且將其和幼兔進(jìn)行分開(kāi)飼養(yǎng)。保持飼養(yǎng)場(chǎng)的環(huán)境衛(wèi)生，避免發(fā)生傳播的情況。其次，要對(duì)兔籠進(jìn)行定期消毒工作，及時(shí)對(duì)肉兔的糞便進(jìn)行清除，以此來(lái)減少卵囊的散播。最后，在進(jìn)行喂食的時(shí)候，可以將洋蔥、大蒜、韭菜等食物切碎拌入到飼料中，這樣能夠有效的預(yù)防球蟲(chóng)病。在梅雨季節(jié)，也可以選擇喂給肉兔蒲公英、馬蘭頭以及車(chē)前草等食物，這樣有助于消炎、排毒。3 疥癬病疥癬病，同時(shí)也稱(chēng)為螨病，同樣是夏季發(fā)生在肉兔身上的一種常見(jiàn)疾病，直接影響了肉兔的生長(zhǎng)，對(duì)養(yǎng)兔業(yè)的效益有很大的危害。疥癬病可以分

5、為兔疥螨、兔背肛疥螨、兔足螨和白氏螨等等。引起疥癬病的主要原因通?？梢苑譃榧纳谕猛舛纼?nèi)的兔癢螨和寄生于兔頭部、爪間部位的兔疥螨兩種。肉兔一旦患上疥癬病，其發(fā)病部位一般是從嘴鼻的周?chē)约澳_爪部位開(kāi)始發(fā)病，患病部位會(huì)形成結(jié)節(jié)，結(jié)節(jié)互相粘連結(jié)痂，從而導(dǎo)致肉兔采食困難，使肉兔會(huì)出現(xiàn)迅速消瘦的現(xiàn)象，死亡率很高。對(duì)于疥癬病的預(yù)防措施，首先應(yīng)該對(duì)肉兔的引種進(jìn)行檢疫工作，在日常生活中，要對(duì)肉兔的健康狀況定期查看，一旦發(fā)現(xiàn)病兔，則應(yīng)該進(jìn)行及時(shí)治療或者隔離，以免病情傳播。其次，要保持家兔的皮膚衛(wèi)生，加強(qiáng)對(duì)飼料的管理工作，盡可能消除一切能夠攜帶傳播病原體的條件。最后，應(yīng)該使飼養(yǎng)場(chǎng)保持干燥、通風(fēng)透光，對(duì)肉兔的糞便

6、進(jìn)行及時(shí)清理、勤換墊草。同時(shí)，要對(duì)清理出來(lái)的污染物品進(jìn)行徹底的消毒工作，以此來(lái)確保肉兔的生活環(huán)境不被污染，達(dá)到對(duì)常見(jiàn)疾病的有效防治。4 結(jié)語(yǔ)綜上所述，夏季乃是肉兔患上疾病的高峰期，相關(guān)工作人員應(yīng)該對(duì)肉兔疾病發(fā)生的原因以及相應(yīng)的癥狀做到充分的掌握和了解，確保肉兔在患上疾病的時(shí)候，能夠做到及時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)，從而進(jìn)行及時(shí)的治療。以此來(lái)確保肉兔的健康成長(zhǎng)。qv7xav2ohum32wgeauwydiawgmer4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkagtgkqcwa3p tgz7r4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbyc

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