定語從句專講

1、五家渠一中五家渠一中 胡影胡影 什么是定語從句呢？ 答：修飾前面某一名詞或代詞的答：修飾前面某一名詞或代詞的 從句叫定語從句。從句叫定語從句。 Mary is a beautiful girl. Mary is a girl who has long hair. 形容詞作定語形容詞作定語 句子作定語句子作定語,修飾修飾girl, 叫做叫做定語從句定語從句 Mary is a girl. Mary has long hair. 合并為一個(gè)句子合并為一個(gè)句子 Mary is a girl who has long hair. 結(jié)構(gòu)：先行詞結(jié)構(gòu)：先行詞 +關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞 + 定語從句定語從句 關(guān)系代詞

2、關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞 關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞 關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞: that, which, who, whom, whose 關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞: when, where, why 關(guān)系詞作用：關(guān)系詞作用： 1.1.代替先行詞代替先行詞; ; 2.2.它還在定語從句中擔(dān)任一定的成分它還在定語從句中擔(dān)任一定的成分; ; 3.3.把主句和從句連起來把主句和從句連起來 關(guān)系詞跟在先行詞之后，它的關(guān)系詞跟在先行詞之后，它的。 關(guān)系詞判關(guān)系詞判 斷斷 步步 驟驟 : v首先，要看先行詞。當(dāng)先行詞是人時(shí)，用首先，要看先行詞。當(dāng)先行詞是人時(shí)，用who, that, whom, whose引導(dǎo)。當(dāng)先行詞是物時(shí)，用引導(dǎo)

3、。當(dāng)先行詞是物時(shí)，用which 或或that引導(dǎo)。引導(dǎo)。 v然后，要確定關(guān)系詞在從句中的成分。請看下表然后，要確定關(guān)系詞在從句中的成分。請看下表 先行詞 主格 賓格 所有格 人who,thatwho(m),that whose 物which,thatwhich,thatwhose,of which 1. that 指人指人/物，作主語或賓語物，作主語或賓語 (作賓語可省略作賓語可省略 ) He is the man (that) I told you about. A plane is a machine. It can fly. A plane is a machine that can f

4、ly. He is the man. I told you about him. 2. which 指物，作主語或賓語指物，作主語或賓語 (作賓語可省作賓語可省 略略, 如介詞提前則不能省如介詞提前則不能省) These are the trees. The trees were planted last year. Is this the library from which you borrow books? These are the trees which were planted last year. Is this the library (which) you borrow bo

5、oks from? Is this the library? You borrow books from the library. 3. who指人指人,作主語或賓語作主語或賓語 (作賓語可省略作賓語可省略) The man (who) I talked with is our teacher. A person who steals things is called a thief. 4. whom指人指人, ,作賓語作賓語 ( (作賓語可省略作賓語可省略, ,如介詞提前則不能省如介詞提前則不能省) ) The man (whom/who) I nodded to is Mr. Li. Th

6、e man to whom I nodded is Mr. Li. 5. whose 表示所屬關(guān)系。表示所屬關(guān)系。 The boy is my classmate. The boys father is a policeman. The boy whose father is a policeman is my classmate. 小結(jié)： that 既可指人，也可指物 which指物 who 指人。who做主語, whom作賓語 所有的whom都可以用who來代替。 關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞作主語不能省略，作賓語時(shí)可，作賓語時(shí)可 省略省略 【運(yùn)用】【運(yùn)用】 將下列各題中的兩個(gè)句子合并為含有將下列各題

7、中的兩個(gè)句子合并為含有 that或或which引導(dǎo)的定語從句的復(fù)合句。引導(dǎo)的定語從句的復(fù)合句。 1. The pot is very expensive. It was used by my mom yesterday. _ _ The pot that / which was used by my mom yesterday is very expensive. 2. The magazine is mine. You read it this morning. _ _ 3. The dog is cute. Tom is looking after it. _ _ The magazine

8、 (that / which) you read this morning is mine. The dog (that / which) Tom is looking after is cute. 4. That is the most interesting film. She has seen the film. _ _ That is the most interesting film (that) she has seen. 選用選用that, who, whom 或或 which填空。填空。 1. The girl _ you saw at the meeting is a good swimmer. 2. The town _ we visited a few years ago is much larger than before. 3. April 1st is a day _ is called Apri