高中名詞性從句講解與練習(xí)(包含答案)

1、 名詞性從句名詞性從句相當(dāng)于名詞，可分別作主句的主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和同位語(yǔ)。因此，名詞性從句分為主語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句和同位從句。（一）引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連接詞類 別詞 義在從句中的作用that無(wú)任何詞義僅起連接作用，在從句中不充當(dāng)任何句子成分；一般可以省略，但是在句首不可省略。if和whether意為“是否”，表明從句意義的不確定性起連接作用，在從句中不充當(dāng)任何句子成分關(guān)系代詞：who,what,which,whom, whose,whatever,whoever,whomever, whichever有各自自身的意義起連接作用，并在從句中充當(dāng)主、表、賓、定語(yǔ)等關(guān)系副詞：when,wher

2、e,why,how,however,whenever, wherever有各自自身的意義起連接作用，并在從句中充當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)（二）主語(yǔ)從句 1.主語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合句作主語(yǔ)。 e.g. Who will go is not important.2.that引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，不能省略。 e.g. That he suddenly fell ill last week made us surprised.3.用it作形式主語(yǔ)，主語(yǔ)從句放在句末。 It+系動(dòng)詞+形容詞+that從句. necessary,right,likely,wrong,important,certain,clear. It+系動(dòng)詞+名詞+t

3、hat從句. a pity, a shame, a fact,no wonder. It+be +動(dòng)詞ed+that從句. said,told,reported,suggested,considered. It+特殊動(dòng)詞+that從句. seem,turn out,appear,matter. e.g. It doesnt matter so much whether you will come or not. 4.whether引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句可放句首，而if引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句不能放句首，只能放句末。 Whether the worked can be completed on time is d

4、oubtful. It is doubtful whether/if the work can be completed.（三）表語(yǔ)從句1、表語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合句中作表語(yǔ)，位于系動(dòng)詞之后。e.g. The question was who could go there.2、引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句的連接詞that有時(shí)可省去。e.g. My idea is (that) we can get more comrades to help in the work. 3.一般不用if引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句，用whether. The question is whether we can reduce the cost of th

5、e product.4. 其他連接詞：as if ,as though,because,as,like. It sounds as if/though he has been really ill.5. 主語(yǔ)為reason：表語(yǔ)從句中的連接詞要用that，不用why. The reason why he was unhappy is that he has lost his keys.6. 表語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣.（四）賓語(yǔ)從句1、賓語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合句中作賓語(yǔ)。引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句的連詞that一般可省略。e.g. I hope (that) everything is all right.2、介詞之后的賓

6、語(yǔ)從句，不可用which或if連接，要分別用what或 whether。e.g. Im interested in whether youve finished the work. Im interested in what youve said.3、whether與if都可以引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，常可互換。但下面情況不能互換。 賓語(yǔ)從句是否定句時(shí)，只用if，不用whether。 e.g. I wonder if it doesnt rain. 用if 會(huì)引起誤解，就要用whether。 e.g. Please let me know whether you want to go. 賓語(yǔ)從句中的whe

7、ther 與or not直接連用，就不能換成if；不直接連用，可換。 e.g. I dont know whether or not the report is true. I dont know whether/ if the report is true or not. 介詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句要用whether引導(dǎo)。whether 可與不定式連用。 whether也可引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句，還可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，以上均不能換成if。但引導(dǎo)條件從句時(shí)，只能用if，而不能用whether。 e.g. It depends on whether we have enough time. T

8、hey dont know whether to go there. Please come to see me if you have time.（五）同位語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句在句中作某一名詞的同位語(yǔ)，一般位于該名詞（如：news, fact, idea, suggestion, promise等）之后，說(shuō)明該名詞的具體內(nèi)容。1. if 一般不引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句。2. 引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句的連接詞一般都不省略。e.g. I have no idea when he will be back.The fact that he had not said anything surprised everybody

9、.3. 定語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別： A:that引導(dǎo)的兩種從句的區(qū)別：(1)定語(yǔ)從句說(shuō)明名詞的性質(zhì)，特征，來(lái)源；同位語(yǔ)從句說(shuō)明名詞所表示的具體內(nèi)容。(2)定語(yǔ)從句中that充當(dāng)成分，而同位語(yǔ)從句中that只是連詞，不充當(dāng)成分，也不能省略，也不能用which替代。(3)同位語(yǔ)從句的先行詞往往使含有某種信息的詞：message,news,fact,hope,problem,suggestion.(4)判斷方法：凡是同位語(yǔ)從句，皆可以改為：The news/idea/thought is that.的結(jié)構(gòu)，而定語(yǔ)從句不可以。 The news that our team won the game

10、excited us all.=The news was that our team won the game. The news that the radio broadcast this morning is not true at all. B:who,whom,whose,when,where,why引導(dǎo)的兩種從句的區(qū)別： 引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句指代前面先行詞所表示的人，物，時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)，原因。在同位語(yǔ)從句中，表疑問(wèn)。 I will cherish the time when I won the prize. I have no idea when he won the prize.練習(xí)：名詞性

11、從句一、判斷下列各句哪句含有名詞性從句，并指出是什么從句：1. China is no longer what it used to be.2. The truth that the earth turns around the sun is known to all.3. It was snowing when he arrived at the station.4. How he persuaded the manager to change the plan is interesting to us all.5. The news that they had won the game s

12、oon spread over the whole school.6. The news that you told me yesterday was really disappointing.7. That is where Lu Xun used to live.8. He spoke as if he understood what he was talking about.9. Do you remember the teacher who taught us English at middle school?10. I wonder why she refused my invita

13、tion.二、用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞填空：1. I cant decide _ dictionary I should buy.2. Thats _ he refused my invitation.3. I am very interested in _ he has improved his pronunciation in such a short time.4. _ we need is more time.5. The fact _ she had not said anything at the meeting surprised everybody.6. _ and _ they will

14、 meet has not been decided yet.7. Please tell me _ you are waiting for.8. Is that _ you are looking for?9. Would you please tell me _ the nearest post office is?10. I dont know _ he will agree to the plan or not.三、選擇填空：1. Do you see _ I mean?A. that B. /C. howD. what2. Tell me_ is on your mind.A. th

15、atB. whatC. which D. why3. We must stick to _ we have agreed on.A. whatB. thatC. /D. how4. Let me see _.A. that can I repair the radioB. whether I can repair the radioC. I can repair the radioD. whether can I repair the radio5. Keep in mind _.A. that the teacher saidB. what did the teacher sayC. tha

16、t did the teacher sayD. what the teacher said6. Could you advise me _?A. which book should I read firstB. what book should I read firstC. that book 1 should read firstD. which book I should read first7. He was criticized for _.A. he had done itB. what he had done C. what had he done D. that he had d

17、one it8. Would you kindly tell me _?A. how can I get to the Beijing Railway StationB. how I can get to the Beijing Railway StationC. where can I get to the Beijing Railway StationD. whether can I get to the Beijing Railway Station9. Mrs. Smith was very much impressed by _.A. what had she seen in Chi

18、naB. that she had seen in ChinaC. what she had seen in ChinaD. which had she seen in China10. We took it for granted _A. that they were not comingB. that were they not comingC. they were coming notD. were they not coining11. I really dont know _A. I should do nextB. what should I do nextC. what I sh

19、ould do nextD. how I should do next12. Im afraid _.A. the little girl will have to be operated onB. that will the little girl have to operate onC. the little girl will have to operate onD. that will the little girl have to be operated on13. She walked up to _.A. where did I stand B. where I stood C.

20、 I stood there D. where I stood there14. Can you tell me _?A. who is that gentlemanB. that gentleman is whoC. who that gentleman isD. whom .is that gentleman15. Well give you _.A. that do you needB. what do you needC. whatever you needD. whether do you need16. They want us to know _ to help us.A. wh

21、at can they B. what they canC. how they can D. how can they17. We must put _ into practice.A. what we have learnedB. that we have learnedC. that have we learnedD. what have we learned18. Did she say anything about _?A. that the work was to be doneB. how was the work to be doneC. that was the work to

22、 be doneD. how the work was to be done19. He was never satisfied with _.A. what she had achievedB. had what she achievedC. she had achievedD. that she achieved20. These photographs will show you _.A. what does our village look likeB. what our village looks likeC. how does our village look likeD. how

23、 our village looks like21. Peter insisted _ he pay the bill.A. on thatB. whatC. thatD. on which22. They urged _ the library open during the vacation. A. whenB. whereC. whyD. that23. We wish we could have learned _ when we were at high school.A. what you did B. that you had doneC. that what you did D

24、. what did you do24.1 will describe to you _ I saw when there.A. whatB. thatC. which D. /25. From _ I should say he is a good worker.A. what 1 know of himB. that I do know of himC. what do I know of himD. that do I know of him26. I will give this dictionary to _ wants to have it.A. whomever B. anyon

25、eC. whoeverD. someone27._ they will come here hasn t been decided yet.A. WhatB. ThatC. WhenD. Where28. _ was said here must be kept secret.A. Who B. The thingC. Whatever D. Where29. It is still a question _ we shall have our sports meet.A. ifB. thatC. whatD. when30. Im going anyway. _ she will go is

26、 up to her to decide.A. If or notB. Whether or notC. IfD. That31. It is strange _ she has left without saying a word.A. thatB. whatC. whyD. how32. It is very clear _ our policy is a correct one.A. whatB. thatC. why D. where33. _ Mr. Zhang said is quite right.A. That B. WhenC. WhatD. Whether34. It has been decided _ he will be sent there.A. ifB. wh