(完整word版)一般過去時(shí)用法及結(jié)構(gòu).doc

1、一般過去時(shí)的用法及結(jié)構(gòu)1 一般過去時(shí)的基本用法一般過去時(shí)表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，也可表示過去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。常和表示過去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，如yesterday, last week, last night, in 2003, two days ago等?！九e例】 I got up at 6:30 yesterday.我昨天 6:30起床。My father was very busy last week. 我父親上周很忙。2 一般過去時(shí)的基本結(jié)構(gòu) 肯定句“主語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞過去式其他”或者“主語(yǔ)was were其他”。【舉例】 I played tennis last weekend

2、.我上周末打網(wǎng)球了。My school trip was great. 我的學(xué)校郊游棒極了。 否定句“主語(yǔ) didn t動(dòng)詞原形其他”或“主語(yǔ)wasn t weren t其他”?！九e例】The girl didn t play computer games yesterday afternoon.這個(gè)女孩昨天下午沒玩電子游戲。Old Henry wasn t happy last Friday.上星期五老亨利不高興。 一般疑問句“Did主語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞原形其他？”肯定回答為“ Yes，主語(yǔ) did ”，否定回答為“ No ，主語(yǔ) didn t ”或者“ Was Were主語(yǔ)其他？”肯定回答為“ Yes

3、，主語(yǔ) was were”，否定回答為“ No ，主語(yǔ) wasn t weren t”?！九e例】Did you go to the beach?你們?nèi)ズ┝藛幔?Yes, we did. No, we didn t. 是的，我們?nèi)チ?。不，我們沒有。 Was your weekend OK? 你的周末過得還行吧？ Yes, it was.No, it wasn t. 是的，還行。不，不行。 特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞一般疑問句（順序）？【舉例】What did Li Lei do last weekend?李雷上周末干什么了？ He visited his grandparents.他去看了他的祖父

4、母。 Where were you yesterday? 你昨天在哪兒？ I was at home. 我在家里。為了便于記憶行為動(dòng)詞（實(shí)義動(dòng)詞） 的一般過去時(shí)用法及結(jié)構(gòu)，我們可用以下歌訣來幫助記憶：動(dòng)詞一般過去時(shí)，表示過去發(fā)生事。謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞過去式，過去時(shí)間作標(biāo)志。否定形式很簡(jiǎn)單，主語(yǔ)之后didn t 添。謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要還原。疑問構(gòu)成有規(guī)則，主語(yǔ)前面加did。過去式的構(gòu)成be 動(dòng)詞和實(shí)義動(dòng)詞過去式的構(gòu)成： 系動(dòng)詞 be 的過去式有兩種形式：was 和 were。其中was 是 am 和 is 的過去式， were 是 are 的過去式。 規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過去式的構(gòu)成：一般在動(dòng)詞末尾加ed。 【舉例】 wal

5、k walkedplay played以不發(fā)音e 結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞末尾只加d 。【舉例】 love loved decide decided結(jié)尾是 “輔音字母y ”的動(dòng)詞。 先將 y 變?yōu)?i ，再加 ed ?！九e例】 study studiedcarry carried末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)，先雙寫該輔音字母，再加ed 。 【舉例】 stopstoppedplanplanned規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過去式構(gòu)成方法可用以下口訣來記憶：過去式構(gòu)成有規(guī)律，一般詞尾加ed 如果詞尾有個(gè)e（不發(fā)音的），只需直接加上d ?！拜o音字母 y ”在詞尾，變y 為 i 加 ed ?！耙惠o重閉”作尾巴，雙寫之后加ed 。

6、隨堂練習(xí)：一寫出下列動(dòng)詞的過去式。1.am is _ 2.do _ 3.go _ 4.have _5.isn t _ 6. aren t _ 7.spend_ 8.cook_9.read _ 10.clean _ 11.live _ 12.study_二用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~完成下列對(duì)話。1. How was your weekend? It _ great. What _ you _ last weekend ? I _ some homework. 2. What _ she _ last weekend? She _ to the beach.3. What _ they do last weeke

7、nd? They _ to the movies.三用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. We _ (enjoy) ourselves at the party last night.2.Jack _ (study) for the English test last Sunday.3._ you _ (go) to the Great Wall last year?4. What day _ (be) it yesterday?5.The old man _(be)ill and went to see a doctor.6.We _ (have) a party last night.7.W

8、e _ (visit) the museum and went home.8. How _ (be) the students? They were very friendly.9.He often _ (have) supper at home. Today he _ (have) supper at school.10.We had great fun _ (play) in the water.11.That made me _ (feel) very happy.12. _ he _ (have) lunch at nine? No, he didn t.13.They _(buy)

9、a guitar yesterday.四句型轉(zhuǎn)換。1. He came here last month. (改為否定句 ) He _ _ here last month.2.They played football this morning. (改為 一般疑問句并作 簡(jiǎn)略回答)_ they _ football this morning? Yes, they _.No, they _ .3.They went to Beijing last year. ( 就劃線部分提問)_ _ they _ last year.4.Tom watched TV last night. ( 改為一般疑問句)_

10、 Tom _ TV last night?5.Mary does homework every day. ( 用 last night 改寫句子 )Mary _ _ _ _ .一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的用法與結(jié)構(gòu)1、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的定義及構(gòu)成一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在經(jīng)常反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作、存在的狀態(tài)或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。(1) be(am,is,are)動(dòng)詞 ：(作謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí) ) 肯定句 :主語(yǔ) +be 動(dòng)詞 (am,is,are)+ 其它。如： I am a student.(主語(yǔ) +be 動(dòng)詞 +名詞 ) They are hungry. （主語(yǔ) +be 動(dòng)詞 +形容詞） He is out.( 主語(yǔ) +be 動(dòng)詞 +副詞

11、 ) That pen is mine.( 主語(yǔ) +be 動(dòng)詞 +代詞 ) I am fifteen.( 主語(yǔ) +be 動(dòng)詞 +數(shù)詞 ) The bike is under the tree.( 主語(yǔ) +be 動(dòng)詞 +介詞短語(yǔ) ) 運(yùn)用 am,is,are 寫三個(gè)句子否定句：主語(yǔ) + be(am,is,are) + not + 其它。如： He is not a worker. 他不是工人。運(yùn)用 am,is,are 寫三個(gè)句子一般疑問句： Be(am,is,are) + 主語(yǔ) +其它。如： -Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, Im not. 運(yùn)用 am,

12、is,are 寫三個(gè)句子特殊疑問句：疑問詞 +一般疑問句。如： Where is my bike?運(yùn)用 am,is,are 寫三個(gè)句子特殊疑問句：疑問詞（ what, where, who, when, which, whose, how, how many, how much, what shape,what colour, ）,找句子中有沒有be 動(dòng)詞（ is, am 或者 are）或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或者助動(dòng)詞（特殊疑問句 : 疑問詞 +be 動(dòng)詞（ is, am 或者 are）或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或者助動(dòng)詞+其他 ?）(2) 行為動(dòng)詞 ：主語(yǔ) +行為動(dòng)詞 +（其它）。（作謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí) ) 1)主語(yǔ)不是第三人

13、稱單數(shù)時(shí)，肯定句為：主語(yǔ) +動(dòng)詞原形 +其它否定式為：主語(yǔ)+dont+ 動(dòng)詞原形 +其它疑問句為： Do+ 主語(yǔ) +動(dòng)詞原形 +其它？e.g. We speak Chinese. Do you speak Chinese? -Yes, I do. / No, I dont. They dont speak Chinese. 寫三個(gè)句子2)當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)：(he,she,it,A/An, 單獨(dú)的人或事物:Lily/book)肯定句為 :主語(yǔ) +動(dòng)詞（詞尾加s 或 es） +其它。否定式為：主語(yǔ)+doesnt+動(dòng)詞原形 +其它 .疑問句式： Does+主語(yǔ) +動(dòng)詞原形 +其它？ He sp

14、eaks English. He doesnt speaks English. - Does she go to work by bike? Yes, she does. / No, she doesnt. 寫三個(gè)句子特殊疑問句：疑問詞+一般疑問句。如：How does your father go to work?3)動(dòng)詞 +s 的變化規(guī)則(1) 一般情況下，直接加 -s，如： cook-cooks, milk-milks(2) 以 s. x. sh. ch. o 結(jié)尾，加 -es，如： guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes(3

15、) 以 輔音字母 +y 結(jié)尾，變 y 為 i, 再加 -es，如： study-studies(3) 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞（作謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí) )(can,could,be able to,may,might,must,have to,need,shall,should, will,would) 時(shí)， 句子結(jié)構(gòu)為：肯定句：主語(yǔ) +情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 +動(dòng)詞原形。否定句：主語(yǔ) +情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 +not+ 動(dòng)詞原形 一般疑問句。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 +主語(yǔ) +動(dòng)詞原形 +其他？特殊疑問句：疑問詞+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 +主語(yǔ) +動(dòng)詞原形 +其他？Eg: He can speak English. Can I help you? What can I d

16、o for you?在實(shí)際應(yīng)用中，一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)常與以下時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)聯(lián)用：always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month ), once a week, on Sundays 例句： He usually plays football on Sundays.一、 寫出下列動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)talk_forget_hope_stop_perform_play_saybuy_worry_fly_study_like_make_take_love_recite_become_come_drive_二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換1. The chi

17、ldren have a good time in the park.否定句： _一般疑問句： _對(duì)劃線部分提問：_2. There is about nine hundred people at the concert.否定句： _一般疑問句： _對(duì)劃線部分提問：_3. Ann does her homework yesterday evening.否定句： _一般疑問句： _對(duì)劃線部分提問：_4. I read an English book.否定句： _一般疑問句： _肯定 /否定回答： _對(duì)劃線部分提問：_5. My brother is in the park just now.否定

18、句： _一般疑問句： _對(duì)劃線部分提問：_一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)第三人稱單數(shù)句型轉(zhuǎn)換練習(xí)1. I go to school before 7:00 in the morning.( he ) _2. I always go shopping with my mum on Sunday.( she ) _3.I sometimes play computer games after school on Sunday.( he ) _4. I always take exercise after class on Monday.( my mother )_一般過去時(shí)詳細(xì)講解與練習(xí)題一、巧記一般過去時(shí)：動(dòng)詞一般

19、過去時(shí)，表示過去發(fā)生的事； be 用謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞過去式，過去時(shí)間作標(biāo)志；一般動(dòng)詞加was 或用 were, have,has 變-ed，若是特殊得硬記。had；否定句很簡(jiǎn)單，主語(yǔ)之后didn t 添；疑問句也不難，did放在主語(yǔ)前； 不含be 動(dòng)詞時(shí)如果謂語(yǔ)之前有did，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞需還原；動(dòng)詞若是was,were,否定就把not添。 含be 動(dòng)詞時(shí)疑問句也不難，要把was， were 放在主語(yǔ)前。二、 be 的一般過去時(shí)：學(xué)習(xí)動(dòng)詞 be 的一般過去時(shí)，下面有一口訣，它可以幫你們更好地掌握動(dòng)詞 be 的一般過去時(shí)。be 的過去時(shí)有四巧：一是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)巧，表示過去的短語(yǔ)要記牢；二是形式巧，單數(shù)was，復(fù)數(shù)

20、 were；三巧是否定句結(jié)構(gòu)，not 緊跟 was were；四是疑問句式巧，was were 向前跑 (提前 ) ?！疽磺伞繒r(shí)間狀語(yǔ)（即標(biāo)志詞）巧。一般過去時(shí)表示過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，恰巧與表示過去的一些時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。1. yesterday 或以其構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)： yesterday morning(afternoon, evening) 等；2. 由“ last+一時(shí)間名詞”構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)： last night, last year (winter, month, week) 等；3. 由“時(shí)間段 +ago”構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)：a moment ago, a short time ago, an

21、 hour ago 等；4. 其它： just now 等5. 由某些表示過去時(shí)態(tài)的從句等?！径伞啃问角?。它與一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一樣，形式多樣：當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是第一人稱單數(shù)或第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用was；主語(yǔ)是第二人稱或其他人稱復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用were。例如： I was in the classroom yesterday morning 昨天早上我在教室里。He was at school last Tuesday 上周二他在學(xué)校。They were over there a moment ago 剛才他們?cè)谀沁叀！救伞糠穸ň浣Y(jié)構(gòu)巧。與動(dòng)詞 be 的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一樣，它在動(dòng)詞后面加not可以縮寫成

22、wasnt, werent 。即可變成否定句，并且was, were與not即：主語(yǔ) wasnt werent 表語(yǔ) 其他。例如：I was not ( wasnt) here yesterday 昨天我不在這兒。My parents were not ( werent) at home last Sunday 上周日我父母不在家?！舅那伞?疑問句式巧。把 was, were 提到句首，句末用問號(hào)即可變?yōu)橐话阋蓡柧?。即：Was(Were) 主語(yǔ) 表語(yǔ) 其他？這恰巧與動(dòng)詞be 的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的疑問句式相似。例如：Were you at home the day before yesterday 前

23、天你在家嗎？Was she late this morning 今天早上她遲到了嗎？更巧的是疑問句的答語(yǔ)也相似，肯定回答用“否定回答用“ No, 主語(yǔ) wasnt werent”。Yes, 主語(yǔ)was were”；例如： Were Wei Hua and Han Mei here just now 剛才魏華和韓梅在這兒?jiǎn)?？Yes, they were (No, they werent ) 是的，她們?cè)凇?（不，她們不在。 ）一、單項(xiàng)選擇：從下列各題后所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇最佳答案填空。(10)()1 My father ill yesterday A isntB arentC wasnt D w

24、erent()2 your parents at home last weekA IsB WasC Are D Were()3 The twins in Dalian last year They here nowA are。 wereB were。 areC was。 areD were。 was()4 your father at work the day yesterday(前天）A Was。 beforeB Is。 beforeC Was。 afterD Is。 after()5 Who was on duty last Friday A I amB I wasC Yes, I was

25、D No, I wasnt()6.I cleaned my classroom _.Awith three hours Bthree hours agoC in three hours D three hours before() 7. I came _ my house two days ago .Aback onB back toCto backDback ( )8 . _? He did some reading at home.A What does your father do yesterday eveningB What does your brother do in the s

26、choolC What did your brother do over the weekendD Where did your brother go last Sunday() 9. What did you do _ ? I went to the movies.A next morningBover the weekend C in the weekend D next Monday() 10. The koala sleeps _， but gets up _.Aduring the day 。 at the eveningBat day during nightCin the day

27、 during the eveningDduring the day。 at night二、請(qǐng)用正確動(dòng)詞形式填空。(10)1. I _ (have) an exciting party last weekend.2. _ she _(practice) her guitar yesterday?No, she _.3. What _ Tom _ (do) on Saturday evening?4. They all _(go) to the mountains yesterday morning. 5.She _(not visit) her aunt last weekend.She _

28、(stay) at home and _(do) some cleaning.6. When _ you _(write) this song? I _(write) it last year.7.My friend, Carol, _(study) for the math test and _(practice) English last night.8. _ Mr. Li _(do) the project on Monday morning? Yes, he _.9. How _(be) Jims weekend? It _(be not) bad.10. _ (be) your mo

29、ther a sales assistant last year? No. she _.三、翻譯下列句子(20)1. 我過了一個(gè)忙碌但卻刺激的周末。2. Jenny 喜歡看書。昨晚她看了一本英語(yǔ)書。Jenny likes _ _. She _ an English book last night.3. Emma 每天都看電視?？墒亲蛱焖麤]有看。Emma_ TV every day. But he _ _ _ yesterday.4. 上周六他們做什么了？他們做作業(yè)和購(gòu)物了。5. 今天早上方方得做飯，因?yàn)樗赣H不在家。This morning Fangfang _ _ _ _ because h

30、is father _ _ _ yesterday.6. 你還有什么要說的？ What _ would you like _ _?7. 放學(xué)別忘了向老師說聲再見。Don t forget _ _ _ _ the teacher.8. 為什么你昨晚沒有看電視？Why _ you _ TV last night?9. 他在打掃教室的時(shí)候，發(fā)現(xiàn)地上有塊表。When he _ the classroom, he _ a watch on the ground.10. 他什么時(shí)候出生的？ 1980 年。-When _ he _? -_ 1980.四、改寫句子：(20)1、 Lucy did her ho

31、mework at home. （改否定句）Lucy _ _ her homework at home.2、 He found some meat in the fridge （冰箱） .（變一般疑問句)_ he _ _ meat in the fridge?3、 There was some orange in the cup.（變一般疑問句)_ there _ orange in the cup?4. Frank read an interesting book about history. （一般疑問句）_ Frank _ an interesting book about histor

32、y?5. Why not go out for a walk?（同義句）_ _ _ out for a walk?6. Thomas spent RMB 10 on this book. （否定句）Thomas_ _RMB 10 on this book.7. My family went to the beach last week.（劃線提問）_ _ _ family _ last week?8. I think she is Lily s sister. （否定句。注意否定轉(zhuǎn)移）_9. Sally often does some reading in the morning. （否定句）

33、Sally _ often _ some reading in the morning.10. He is a tall, thin boy. （劃線提問）_ _ he _ _?五、 改錯(cuò)題 (20)1 How is Jane yesterday? _2 He go to school by bus last week. _3 He often goes home at 6:00 last month. _4 I can fly kites seven years ago. _5 Did you saw him just now. _6 Tom wasn t watch TV last nig

34、ht. _7 I didn t my homework yesterday. _8 He wait for you three hours ago. _9 Who find it just now ? _10.What make him cry ( 哭 ) just now? _六、完形填空 (10)Tom did not like doing his homework，because he liked to do some 1 things after school And his teacher always 2 a lot of mistakes in h is homework The

35、n one day， his maths teacher 3 at Tom s homework and saw that he got all hisanswersright He was very 4 and surprised （ 驚 奇 ） The next morning before class，he called Tom 5 his desk and 6 to him ，“ You got all your homework right thistime Did your father help you ？” Sometimes Tom s father helped him with his homework ，7 this time he didnt help Tom because he 8 at home So Tom answered ， “NO，Sir He Was busy last night， so I 9 to do it 10”（ ） 1 A others B another C the other D othe